- O*NET-SOC コード
- 19-2012.00
Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.
- データ出典: BLS公表時点: 2026-08
非常に高い· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分(低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い)
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
- データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: 2026-03
0.273
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
SOC 2018の職業単位で公表された値で、同じSOC 2018コードを持つO*NET職業はすべてこの値になります
- データ出典: ILO公表時点: 2025
0.38
0.09ここに掲載された値の範囲0.70職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の細分類(4桁)単位で公表された値です。米国労働統計局(BLS)の公式対応表(ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC)を公表どおり適用してこの職業に結び付けており、対応は全部または一部です
この出典がどのような性格の値か
BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。
Task-level exposure
露出のある作業のみ評価済みタスク 15 件 · β ≥ 0.5 のタスク 14 件(93.3%)
β = 直接的な露出(E1)+ 0.5 × ツール利用時の露出(E2)。原典リポジトリの定義に従います。
- 原典の単位:O*NET 27.2 のタスク → O*NET 31.0 の職業コード
- 評価済みタスクはすべて O*NET 31.0 のタスク一覧にあります。
- 出典
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版
- gh-main-0471612
- ライセンス
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.19-2012.00 | 0.036346.0 |
Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.19-2012.00 | 0.021527.2 |
Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.19-2012.00 | 0.019624.9 |
Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.19-2012.00 | 0.00152.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 11 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms. | —0 |
Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena. | —0 |
Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences. | —0 |
Direct testing and monitoring of contamination of radioactive equipment, and recording of personnel and plant area radiation exposure data. | —0 |
Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology. | —0 |
Teach physics to students. | —0 |
Develop manufacturing, assembly, and fabrication processes of lasers, masers, infrared, and other light-emitting and light-sensitive devices. | —0 |
Conduct application evaluations and analyze results to determine commercial, industrial, scientific, medical, military, or other uses for electro-optical devices. | —0 |
Develop standards of permissible concentrations of radioisotopes in liquids and gases. | —0 |
Conduct research pertaining to potential environmental impacts of atomic energy-related industrial development to determine licensing qualifications. | —0 |
Advise authorities of procedures to be followed in radiation incidents or hazards, and assist in civil defense planning. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.O*NET Task ID 10903 | 1.0 |
Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.O*NET Task ID 10904 | 1.0 |
Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.O*NET Task ID 10906 | 1.0 |
Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.O*NET Task ID 10907 | 1.0 |
Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.O*NET Task ID 10911 | 1.0 |
Develop manufacturing, assembly, and fabrication processes of lasers, masers, infrared, and other light-emitting and light-sensitive devices.O*NET Task ID 10913 | 1.0 |
Write research proposals to receive funding.O*NET Task ID 21174 | 1.0 |
Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.O*NET Task ID 10905 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.O*NET Task ID 10908 | 0.5 |
Teach physics to students.O*NET Task ID 10912 | 0.5 |
Conduct application evaluations and analyze results to determine commercial, industrial, scientific, medical, military, or other uses for electro-optical devices.O*NET Task ID 10914 | 0.5 |
Develop standards of permissible concentrations of radioisotopes in liquids and gases.O*NET Task ID 10915 | 0.5 |
Conduct research pertaining to potential environmental impacts of atomic energy-related industrial development to determine licensing qualifications.O*NET Task ID 10916 | 0.5 |
Advise authorities of procedures to be followed in radiation incidents or hazards, and assist in civil defense planning.O*NET Task ID 10917 | 0.5 |
Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.O*NET Task ID 10910 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件(16件)
この職業の O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件(英語原文、種別はコア・補足)。露出値はこの一覧には載せず、上の表で各出典が用いた O*NET 版の文言の横にあります。
| タスク(O*NET 31.0) | 種類 |
|---|---|
| Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers. | コア |
| Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms. | コア |
| Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena. | コア |
| Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences. | コア |
| Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood. | コア |
| Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures. | コア |
| Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena. | コア |
| Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology. | コア |
| Teach physics to students. | コア |
| Write research proposals to receive funding. | コア |
| Perform peer reviews of scientific papers. | コア |
| Develop manufacturing, assembly, and fabrication processes of lasers, masers, infrared, and other light-emitting and light-sensitive devices. | 補足 |
| Conduct application evaluations and analyze results to determine commercial, industrial, scientific, medical, military, or other uses for electro-optical devices. | 補足 |
| Develop standards of permissible concentrations of radioisotopes in liquids and gases. | 補足 |
| Conduct research pertaining to potential environmental impacts of atomic energy-related industrial development to determine licensing qualifications. | 補足 |
| Advise authorities of procedures to be followed in radiation incidents or hazards, and assist in civil defense planning. | 補足 |
0.12/ 3· ロボット露出指数
尺度・母数・出典
身体的なタスクそれぞれに、実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットがこなせる環境に応じて 0–3 の等級を付け(0 不可 · 1 フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのようなロボット専用設備 · 2 病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のような管理された施設 · 3 一般家庭や建設現場のような非定型の環境)、勤務時間に占める割合で平均した値
この職業の O*NET 29.3 タスクのうち身体的なタスクが対象
等級と時間の割合は Anthropic が Claude Opus 5(ウェブ検索)で推定しました(2026年時点)。
ロボット露出指数は、このサイトの AI 露出度とは別の指標であり、足し合わせたり比べたりすることはできません。実際の導入やコスト競争力を示すものではなく、0 には身体的なタスクのない職業も含まれます。
身体的なタスクごとの等級
ロボット環境等級(E0–E3)
E0 ロボット不可詳細
実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットでは、ロボット専用設備でもこなせないと評価
E1 ロボット専用設備詳細
フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのように、機械を中心に作られた設備でこなせると評価
E2 管理された施設詳細
病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のように、機関が作業基準を保っている人の作業施設でこなせると評価
E3 非定型の環境詳細
一般家庭や建設現場のように、作業基準を保つ機関がない環境でこなせると評価
身体的なタスクに分類されたタスクのみを掲載しています。その他のタスクには出典で等級がないため載せていません。
| タスク(O*NET 29.3) | ロボット環境等級 |
|---|---|
| Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena. | E1 ロボット専用設備 |
職業情報
雇用見通し(BLS)
- 雇用者数、2025
- 23K
- 雇用者数見通し、2035
- 25K
- 変化率 (2025–35)
- +7.2%
- 年間賃金の中央値、2025
- $172,250
- 入職時に通常必要な学歴
- Doctoral or professional degree
韓国職業分類との対応(KSCO)
AI Changing Work が作成した Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 現行版の対応です。関係の値は O*NET-SOC 職業の側から読みます。
| KSCO コード | KSCO 名称 | 関係 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21121 | 물리학 연구원 | 範囲が同じ | 確定 |
関係と状態の定義(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO(国際労働機関)の職業説明
以下のISCO-08職業群は、AI Changing Workが米国労働統計局(BLS)の発行するクロスウォーク(2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08)を個別の選択なしにそのまま適用して、この職業に結び付けたものです。結び付きは全体的な対応の場合も部分的な対応の場合もあります。
- ISCO-08 2111Physicists and Astronomers
物理学者、天文学者
出典: 総務省「国際標準職業分類(ISCO)2008年改定版(仮訳)分類項目名一覧(和英対照)」— 原著:ILO ISCO-08 © International Labour Organization(日本語訳は総務省がILOの許可を得て作成)
以下の定義・作業・職業例は、この職業ではなく、当該ISCO-08職業群についてのILOによる説明です。
Physicists and astronomers conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods concerning matter, space, time, energy, forces and fields and the interrelationship between these physical phenomena. They apply scientific knowledge relating to physics and astronomy in industrial, medical, military or other fields.
作業
- (a) conducting research and improving or developing concepts, theories, instrumentation, software and operational methods related to physics and astronomy;
- (b) conducting experiments, tests and analyses on the structure and properties of matter in fields such as mechanics, thermodynamics, electronics, communications, power generation and distribution, aerodynamics, optics and lasers, remote sensing, medicine, sonics, magnetism, and nuclear physics;
- (c) evaluating results of investigations and experiments and expressing conclusions, mainly using mathematical techniques and models;
- (d) applying principles, techniques and processes to develop or improve industrial, medical, military and other practical applications of the principles and techniques of physics or astronomy;
- (e) ensuring the safe and effective delivery of radiation (ionising and non-ionising) to patients to achieve a diagnostic or therapeutic result as prescribed by a medical practitioner;
- (f) ensuring the accurate measurement and characterization of physical quantities used in medical applications;
- (g) testing, commissioning and evaluating equipment used in applications such as imaging, medical treatment and dosimetry;
- (h) advising and consulting with medical practitioners and other health care professionals in optimizing the balance between the beneficial and deleterious effects of radiation;
- (i) observing, analysing and interpreting celestial phenomena and developing methods, numerical models and techniques to extend knowledge of fields such as navigation, satellite communication, space exploration, celestial bodies and cosmic radiation;
- (j) developing, implementing and maintaining standards and protocols for the measurement of physical phenomena and for the use of nuclear technology in industrial and medical applications;
- (k) preparing scientific papers and reports.
職業例
Astronomer · Medical Physicist · Nuclear Physicist · Physicist
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 職業語彙
以下の各項目は、公開されているESCO-O*NET Crosswalk(バージョン1、2022年)で、この職業と一つずつ対応付けられたものです。対応の種類はそのクロスウォークによるもので、表現はAI Changing Workによるものです。
- physicistESCO 2111.3範囲が同じ
Physicists are scientists who study physical phenomena. They focus their research depending on their specialisation, which can range from atomic particle physics to the study of phenomena in the universe. They apply their findings for the improvement of society by contributing to the development of energy supplies, treatment of illness, game development, cutting-edge equipment, and daily use objects.
- biophysicistESCO 2131.4.4重なるが同じではない
Biophysicists study the existing relation between living organisms and physics. They conduct research on living organisms based on the methods of physics that aim to explain the complexity of life, predict patterns, and draw conclusions about aspects of life. Biophysicists' research fields cover DNA, proteins, molecules, cells, and environments.
- mathematicianESCO 2120.5重なるが同じではない
Mathematicians study and deepen existing mathematical theories in order to expand the knowledge and find new paradigms within the field. They can apply this knowledge to challenges presented in engineering and scientific projects in order to assure that measurements, quantities, and mathematic laws prove their viability.
出典: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ライセンス: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
フランス職業分類との対応(ROME)
この職業と ROME 4.0 の職業票(fiche)との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。「暫定」と表示した対応は、同じモデル系列(Claude)の二人の判定者による判定のみ、またはその判定に運営者の規則を適用して採用したものであり、確定した対応より根拠が弱くなります。
| ROME コード | ROME 名称(フランス語) | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| K2402 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure de recherche scientifique | この職業のほうが狭い暫定 |
| H1206 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure R&D en industrie | 関連(対応ではない)暫定 |
| K2410 | Astrophysicien / Astrophysicienne | 関連(対応ではない)暫定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
スペイン職業分類との対応(CNO-11)
この職業と CNO-11 の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| CNO-11 コード | CNO-11 名称(スペイン語) | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 2411 | Físicos y astrónomos | 範囲が同じ暫定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
ドイツ職業分類との対応(KldB)
この職業と KldB の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| KldB コード | KldB 名称(ドイツ語) | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 41403 | Berufe in der Physik (ohne Spezialisierung) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| 41404 | Berufe in der Physik (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| 41484 | Berufe in der Physik (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本職業分類との対応(JSCO)
この職業と JSCO の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| JSCO コード | JSCO 名称(日本語) | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 051 | 自然科学系研究者 | この職業のほうが狭い |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
このページのデータの出典・ライセンスと AI Changing Work による改変・翻訳の告知:クレジットと出典