Determine guidelines that specify which source material is acceptable for use.Details
17-1021
0.015257.6
Determine map content and layout, as well as production specifications such as scale, size, projection, and colors, and direct production to ensure that specifications are followed.Details
17-1021
0.007829.6
Build and update digital databases.Details
17-1021
0.003412.8
Not observed on any surface — 11 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Identify, scale, and orient geodetic points, elevations, and other planimetric or topographic features, applying standard mathematical formulas.Details
—0
Collect information about specific features of the Earth, using aerial photography and other digital remote sensing techniques.Details
—0
Revise existing maps and charts, making all necessary corrections and adjustments.Details
—0
Compile data required for map preparation, including aerial photographs, survey notes, records, reports, and original maps.Details
—0
Inspect final compositions to ensure completeness and accuracy.Details
—0
Examine and analyze data from ground surveys, reports, aerial photographs, and satellite images to prepare topographic maps, aerial-photograph mosaics, and related charts.Details
—0
Delineate aerial photographic detail, such as control points, hydrography, topography, and cultural features, using precision stereoplotting apparatus or drafting instruments.Details
—0
Prepare and alter trace maps, charts, tables, detailed drawings, and three-dimensional optical models of terrain using stereoscopic plotting and computer graphics equipment.Details
—0
Select aerial photographic and remote sensing techniques and plotting equipment needed to meet required standards of accuracy.Details
—0
Study legal records to establish boundaries of local, national, and international properties.Details
—0
Travel over photographed areas to observe, identify, record, and verify all relevant features.Details
—0
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
Task
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Determine guidelines that specify which source material is acceptable for use.Details
O*NET Task ID 3525
1.0
Identify, scale, and orient geodetic points, elevations, and other planimetric or topographic features, applying standard mathematical formulas.Details
O*NET Task ID 3514
0.5
Collect information about specific features of the Earth, using aerial photography and other digital remote sensing techniques.Details
O*NET Task ID 3515
0.5
Revise existing maps and charts, making all necessary corrections and adjustments.Details
O*NET Task ID 3516
0.5
Compile data required for map preparation, including aerial photographs, survey notes, records, reports, and original maps.Details
O*NET Task ID 3517
0.5
Inspect final compositions to ensure completeness and accuracy.Details
O*NET Task ID 3518
0.5
Determine map content and layout, as well as production specifications such as scale, size, projection, and colors, and direct production to ensure that specifications are followed.Details
O*NET Task ID 3519
0.5
Examine and analyze data from ground surveys, reports, aerial photographs, and satellite images to prepare topographic maps, aerial-photograph mosaics, and related charts.Details
O*NET Task ID 3520
0.5
Select aerial photographic and remote sensing techniques and plotting equipment needed to meet required standards of accuracy.Details
O*NET Task ID 3521
0.5
Delineate aerial photographic detail, such as control points, hydrography, topography, and cultural features, using precision stereoplotting apparatus or drafting instruments.Details
O*NET Task ID 3522
0.5
Build and update digital databases.Details
O*NET Task ID 3523
0.5
Prepare and alter trace maps, charts, tables, detailed drawings, and three-dimensional optical models of terrain using stereoscopic plotting and computer graphics equipment.Details
O*NET Task ID 3524
0.5
Study legal records to establish boundaries of local, national, and international properties.Details
O*NET Task ID 3526
0.5
Travel over photographed areas to observe, identify, record, and verify all relevant features.Details
O*NET Task ID 3527
0.5
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
Cartographers and surveyors determine the exact position of, or prepare and revise digital, graphic and pictorial maps, charts or other visual representation of, natural and constructed features and boundaries of land, seas, underground areas and celestial bodies, applying scientific and mathematical principles.
作業
(a) surveying, measuring and describing land surfaces, mines, underground surfaces, sea, river and lake beds;
(b) noting exact position of various features and recording survey data in digital form;
(c) making charts and maps to be used in determining navigable waters and channels and in planning construction of marine structures;
(d) planning and conducting aerial photographic surveys;
(e) designing, compiling and revising maps and charts using aerial and other photographs, satellite imagery, survey documents and data, existing maps and records, reports and statistics;
(f) undertaking research and development of surveying and photogrammetric measurement systems, cadastral systems and land information systems;
(g) studying and advising on technical, aesthetic and economic aspects of map production;
(h) maintaining technical liaison and consultancy with other relevant specialists.
Mine surveyors prepare and maintain mining plans in line with statutory and management requirements. They keep records of the physical progress of mining operations and of ore or mineral production.
cadastral technicianESCO 2165.1
Cadastral technicians design and create maps and blue-prints, converting new measurement results into the real estate cadastre of a community. They define and indicate the property boundaries and ownerships, land use, and create city and district maps using measurement equipment and specialised software.
hydrographic surveyorESCO 2165.4.1
Hydrographic surveyors measure and map, by means of specialised equipment, marine environments. They collect scientific data in order to study the underwater topography and morphology of bodies of water.
geographic information systems specialistESCO 2165.3
Geographic information systems specialists use specialised computer systems, engineering measures, and geological concepts to process land, geographic, and geospatial information into visually detailed digital maps and geomodels of a reservoir. They convert technical information like soil density and properties into digital representations of it for the usage of engineers, governments, and stakeholders interested.
cartographerESCO 2165.2
Cartographers create maps by combining various scientific informations depending of the purpose of the map (e.g. topographic, urban, or political maps). They combine the interpretation of mathematical notes and measurements with the aesthetics and visual depiction of the site for developing the maps. They may also work on developing and improving geographic information systems and may perform scientific research within cartography.
land surveyorESCO 2165.4
Land surveyors determine, by means of specialised equipment, the distances and positions of points at the surface of sites for construction purposes. They use measurements of the specific aspects of construction sites, such as electricity, distance measurements, and metal structure volumes to create architectural drawings and develop construction projects.
出典:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.
건축 및 설계(95) · 산수와 수학(78) · 공학과 기술(77) · 화학(75) · 생물(74)
Work environment
보호장비 착용(82) · 장비 속도에 보조 맞추기(73) · 오염물질 노출(73) · 반복적인 신체행동, 정신적 활동(72) · 마감시간(71)
Related occupations
토목안전·환경기술자 및 토목품질기술자 · 도시계획·설계가 · 지적 및 측량기술자 · 교통계획·설계가 · 건축감리기술자 · 건축설비기술자 · 건축시공기술자 및 견적원 · 건축구조기술자 · 조경 기술자 · 토목구조설계기술자 · 건축가(건축설계사) · 공간정보시스템전문가 · 토목감리기술자 · 토목시공기술자 및 견적원 · 교통영향평가원 · 건축안전·환경기술자 및 건축품질기술자
The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.
Projected change: +7.4%
Median wage: $81K
lowest $31Kmedian wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559K
