Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
Task
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Submit project deliverables, ensuring adherence to quality standards.Details
O*NET Task ID 16152
1.0
Initiate, review, or approve modifications to project plans.Details
O*NET Task ID 16159
1.0
Develop and manage work breakdown structure (WBS) of information technology projects.Details
O*NET Task ID 16171
1.0
Perform risk assessments to develop response strategies.Details
O*NET Task ID 16151
0.5
Monitor the performance of project team members, providing and documenting performance feedback.Details
O*NET Task ID 16153
0.5
Confer with project personnel to identify and resolve problems.Details
O*NET Task ID 16154
0.5
Assess current or future customer needs and priorities by communicating directly with customers, conducting surveys, or other methods.Details
O*NET Task ID 16155
0.5
Schedule and facilitate meetings related to information technology projects.Details
O*NET Task ID 16156
0.5
Monitor or track project milestones and deliverables.Details
O*NET Task ID 16157
0.5
Negotiate with project stakeholders or suppliers to obtain resources or materials.Details
O*NET Task ID 16158
0.5
Identify, review, or select vendors or consultants to meet project needs.Details
O*NET Task ID 16160
0.5
Establish and execute a project communication plan.Details
O*NET Task ID 16161
0.5
Identify need for initial or supplemental project resources.Details
O*NET Task ID 16162
0.5
Direct or coordinate activities of project personnel.Details
O*NET Task ID 16163
0.5
Develop implementation plans that include analyses such as cost-benefit or return on investment (ROI).Details
O*NET Task ID 16164
0.5
Coordinate recruitment or selection of project personnel.Details
O*NET Task ID 16165
0.5
Develop and manage annual budgets for information technology projects.Details
O*NET Task ID 16166
0.5
Assign duties, responsibilities, and spans of authority to project personnel.Details
O*NET Task ID 16167
0.5
Prepare project status reports by collecting, analyzing, and summarizing information and trends.Details
O*NET Task ID 16168
0.5
Manage project execution to ensure adherence to budget, schedule, and scope.Details
O*NET Task ID 16169
0.5
Develop or update project plans for information technology projects including information such as project objectives, technologies, systems, information specifications, schedules, funding, and staffing.Details
O*NET Task ID 16170
0.5
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
Software developers research, analyse and evaluate requirements for existing or new software applications and operating systems, and design, develop, test and maintain software solutions to meet these requirements.
作業
(a) researching, analysing and evaluating requirements for software applications and operating systems;
(b) researching, designing, and developing computer software systems;
(c) consulting with engineering staff to evaluate interfaces between hardware and software;
(d) developing and directing software testing and validation procedures;
(e) modifying existing software to correct errors, to adapt it to new hardware or to upgrade interfaces and improve performance;
(f) directing software programming and development of documentation;
(g) assessing, developing, upgrading and documenting maintenance procedures for operating systems, communications environments and applications software;
(h) consulting with customers concerning maintenance of software system.
Software analysts elicit and prioritise user requirements, produce and document software specifications, test their application, and review them during software development. They act as the interface between the software users and the software development team.
software architectESCO 2512.2
Software architects create the technical design and the functional model of a software system, based on functional specifications. They also design the architecture of the system or different modules and components related to the business' or customer requirements, technical platform, computer language or development environment.
software developerESCO 2512.3
Software developers implement or program all kinds of software systems based on specifications and designs by using programming languages, tools, and platforms.
user interface developerESCO 2512.4
User interface developers implement, code, document and maintain the interface of a software system by using front-end development technologies.
出典:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.
응용소프트웨어개발자가 되기 위해서는 전문대학 및 대학교의 컴퓨터공학과, 전산(공학)과 등의 관련 학과를 졸업하는 것이 유리하다. 비전공자는 사설교육기관에서 C언어, 자바, 비주얼스튜디오, 델파이, 파워빌더 등 프로그래밍 언어 등을 배우고 진출한다. 최근에 대학에서는 소프트웨어와 관련한 별도의 학과들이 개설되고 있다. 이들 학과에서는 소프트웨어공학, 프로그램언어, 운영체제, 데이터베이스, 자료구조를 비롯해 실제 응용소프트웨어 개발 실습을 한다.
Related occupations
시스템 소프트웨어 개발자(프로그래머) · 모바일앱개발자 · 웹개발자(웹 프로그래머) · IT테스터 및 IT QA전문가 · 웹기획자 · 가상현실전문가 · 게임프로그래머
시스템소프트웨어개발자가 되기 위해서는 전문대학 및 대학교의 컴퓨터공학과, 전산(공학)과, 전자공학과, 전기공학과, 통신공학과 등의 학과에서 소프트웨어를 비롯해 컴퓨터하드웨어에 대한 공부를 하고 진출할 수 있다. 요즘은 소프트웨어를 집중적으로 공부하는 학과들이 별도로 개설되기도 한다. 이들 학과에서는 시스템소프트웨어 설계에 필요한 C언어, JAVA와 같은 프로그래밍 언어, 데이터베이스, 소프트웨어공학이론 등을 공부하고 실제 소프트웨어 개발 실습을 하기도 한다. 또한, 비전공자들은 정보통신 관련 사설 교육기관이나 직업훈련학교 등에서 임베디드전문가 양성과정 등을 통해 관련 교육을 받을 수 있다. 시스템소프트웨어개발자는 개발·설계에 필요한 프로그래밍언어뿐만 아니라 각종 OS, 장비의 전자신호 등에 대한 충분한 이해가 필요하다.
- 관련 자격증으로는 국가기술자격으로 컴퓨터시스템응용기술사(기사, 산업기사), 정보처리기술사(기사, 산업기사) 등이 있다. 해외 민간 기업에서 수행하는 자격증으로는 OCP, SCJP, CCNA같은 자격증이 있으며, 이러한 자격증은 민간 자격증이지만 국제적으로 권위가 인정되고 업계에서 통용되므로 국내 및 해외 취업에 도움이 된다.
Related occupations
모바일앱개발자 · 웹개발자(웹 프로그래머) · IT테스터 및 IT QA전문가 · 웹기획자 · 응용소프트웨어개발자 · 가상현실전문가 · 게임프로그래머
시스템 소프트웨어 개발자(프로그래머) · 모바일앱개발자 · 웹개발자(웹 프로그래머) · IT테스터 및 IT QA전문가 · 웹기획자 · 응용소프트웨어개발자 · 가상현실전문가
The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.
Projected change: +10.2%
Median wage: $136K
lowest $31Kmedian wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559K
2026年7月:ADP/Stanford linked postings-payroll study of ~7,000 IT workers (2019-2025) prices tasks separately within IT jobs. Advising others on the design or use of technologies is among 8 higher-wage activities; five tasks lost compensation value in 2023-2025 vs 2019-2022, including "develop models of systems, processes, or products." Effect sizes were not published.
2026年3月:EIG (Mar 2026) argues the weakness in young adults' labor market is about age, not education: young workers of all education levels lag the rest of the labor market, which does not fit the media narrative of AI displacing computer science majors and entry-level graduates.
2026年3月:Brookings (Mar 2026) says research on AI and the labor market is still in its first inning, and studies disagree: ADP payroll data show employment fell more for young workers in high-AI-exposure occupations, while CPS data show unemployment rose less for workers in more exposed occupations.
These summaries were written by AI Changing Work from the source linked with each one, and any figures in them are given as AI Changing Work summarised them; they can differ from the source's own wording and from figures shown elsewhere on this page, so check the source before relying on them. AI Changing Work matched this page's occupation to an O*NET occupation and chose, by its own judgment, case by case, which summaries relate to that O*NET occupation; a summary appearing here does not mean that its source names this occupation.