Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
Task
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Answer students' questions.Details
O*NET Task ID 22389
1.0
Distribute or collect tests or homework assignments.Details
O*NET Task ID 22393
1.0
Follow lesson plans designed by absent teachers.Details
O*NET Task ID 22396
1.0
Operate equipment such as computers or audio-visual aids to supplement presentations.Details
O*NET Task ID 22398
1.0
Take class attendance and maintain attendance records.Details
O*NET Task ID 22403
1.0
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, or teacher training workshops to improve professional competence.Details
O*NET Task ID 22391
0.5
Grade students' assignments and exams.Details
O*NET Task ID 22397
0.5
Teach a variety of subjects, such as English, mathematics, and social studies.Details
O*NET Task ID 22404
0.5
Assist students with boarding or exiting school buses.Details
O*NET Task ID 22390
0.0
Counsel students with adjustment or academic problems.Details
O*NET Task ID 22392
0.0
Distribute teaching materials, such as textbooks, workbooks, papers, and pencils, to students.Details
O*NET Task ID 22394
0.0
Enforce school and class rules to maintain order in the classroom.Details
O*NET Task ID 22395
0.0
Organize and supervise games or other recreational activities.Details
O*NET Task ID 22399
0.0
Provide disabled students with assistive devices, supportive technology, or assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms.Details
O*NET Task ID 22400
0.0
Restock teaching materials or supplies.Details
O*NET Task ID 22401
0.0
Supervise students during activities outside the classroom, such as recess, lunch, and field trips.Details
O*NET Task ID 22402
0.0
Teach social skills to students, such as communication, conflict resolution, and etiquette.Details
O*NET Task ID 22405
0.0
Tutor or assist students individually or in small groups.Details
O*NET Task ID 22406
0.0
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
This unit group covers teaching professionals not classified elsewhere in Sub-major Group 23: Teaching Professionals. For instance, the group includes those who provide private tuition in subjects other than foreign languages and the arts, and those who provide educational counselling to students.
作業
In such cases tasks performed would include -
(a) assessing students’ level of ability and determining learning needs;
(b) planning, preparing and delivering programmes of study, lessons and workshops for individual students and groups;
(c) preparing and presenting material on the theory of the subject area being studied;
(d) instructing and demonstrating practical aspects of the subject area being studied;
(e) assigning exercises and work relevant to students’ level of ability, interests and aptitude;
(f) assessing students and offering advice, criticism and encouragement;
(g) revising curricula, course content, course materials and methods of instruction
(h) preparing students for examinations and assessments;
(i) counselling students regarding educational issues such as course and programme selection, class scheduling, school adjustment, truancy, study habits and career planning;
(j) counselling students to help them understand and overcome personal, social or behavioural problems affecting their education;
(k) preparing students for later educational experiences by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks.
Public speaking coaches provide, often private, instruction to clients in theory and techniques on how to improve their public speaking skills. They identify each client's strengths and weaknesses and tailor their instruction to their specific needs, which may include improving the client's vocal delivery, articulation, presentation abilities and body language. Depending on the background of the client, be it business, education or otherwise, public speaking coaches also instruct clients or students in persuasive arguing, rhetorical delivery and other debating techniques.
educational counsellorESCO 2359.6
Educational counsellors provide practical and emotional support to students in a educational institution, either in small groups, classrooms, or individually. They function as an accessible school official whom students may contact for a wide variety of issues. Educational counsellors may provide advice on personal problems such as social integration and behavioural issues, and on school-related matters such as composing adequate curriculum schedules, discussing test scores, and informing students on further education options. They may work closely with a school social worker and/or school psychologist and make referrals to other support services if necessary.
academic support officerESCO 2359.2
Academic support officers provide assistance to students with learning problems and act as the main point of contact for these students. They make sure extra tuition and educational programmes are provided to under-represented students with academic or personal issues. They also organise several social activities throughout the academic year.
learning mentorESCO 2359.9
Learning mentors support underperforming students both inside and outside of the classroom in order to increase their academic success. They assist students experiencing (multiple) disadvantages, such as learning difficulties, behavioural issues, and attendance problems, and also assist gifted students who are under-challenged. They may also work with adult students in the further education system. Learning mentors develop schedules and action plans with the students in order to plan the necessary mentoring activities and monitor progress. They also liaise with the students' teachers, educational psychologists, school social workers and, if necessary, with the student's parents, in order to improve the student's educational development.
tutorESCO 2359.12
Tutors provide personalised education to the children of employers or to adults, in addition to the main education system. They help students improve their knowledge and competence of a specific subject, at their own pace. Tutors will teach their students study techniques and strategies in order to ensure their academic development and will assess the student's progress throughout the tutoring sessions.
prison instructorESCO 2359.10
Prison instructors educate legal offenders, including prisoners, on social rehabilitation and correctional behaviour. They assist prisoners in gaining skills which could facilitate their reintegration into society and increase their chances at finding employment after release. Prison instructors analyse the students' individual learning needs, plan and prepare teaching materials and sessions and update their learning records. They also ensure the working area and materials are safe from danger and accounted for, and supervise the students at all times.
further education teacherESCO 2359.7
Further education teachers organise and teach programmes designed specifically for adult learners. They impart a wide spectrum of subjects, ranging from academic areas such as mathematics and history, to trainings for personalitiy development, technical expertise or practical courses like languages and ICT. They teach and support adults aspiring to broaden their knowledge and their personal and professional skills and/or to achieve further qualifications. Further education teachers consider the previous knowledge and the work and life experience of the learners. They individualize their teaching and involve the students in the planning and executing of their learning activities. Further education teachers design reasonable assignments and examinations suitable to their adult learners.
admissions coordinatorESCO 2359.3
Admissions coordinators are in charge of the students' applications and admissions to a (private) school, college or university. They asses possible future students' qualifications and subsequently approve or deny their application, based on the regulations and desires set by the board of directors and the school administration. They also assist the accepted students in their enrollment in the programme and courses of their choice.
e-learning architectESCO 2359.4
E-learning architects establish goals and procedures for the application of learning technologies within an organisation and the creation of an infrastructure that will support these goals and procedures.
instructional designerESCO 2359.8
Instructional designers develop instructional material for training courses using multimedia technology and authoring tools. They aim to create instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skills more efficient, effective, and appealing.
academic advisorESCO 2359.1
Academic advisors assist students, at post-secondary level, in recognising and achieving their educational goals. They advise students on their schedule selection of school programmes, communicate to them degree requirements, and assist them in career planning. Academic advisors also discuss the student's academic performance and its implications and make suggestions for improvement including study advice. They also work closely with other university administrators and professors and ensure they are up to date on university or college regulation, program, or requirement changes.
e-learning developerESCO 2359.5
E-learning developers design and develop simpler forms of digital learning content including reference materials, slides, assessments, screen-casts, interview videos and podcasts. They write and provide content for a computer based learning application.
出典:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.
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Projected change: +2%
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