Emergency Management Directors
Management Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 11-9161.00
Plan and direct disaster response or crisis management activities, provide disaster preparedness training, and prepare emergency plans and procedures for natural (e.g., hurricanes, floods, earthquakes), wartime, or technological (e.g., nuclear power plant emergencies or hazardous materials spills) disasters or hostage situations.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.38
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only23 rated tasks · 19 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (82.6%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Keep informed of activities or changes that could affect the likelihood of an emergency, response efforts, or plan implementation.O*NET Task ID 7253 | 0.5 |
Prepare plans that outline operating procedures to be used in response to disasters or emergencies, such as hurricanes, nuclear accidents, and terrorist attacks, and in recovery from these events.O*NET Task ID 7254 | 0.5 |
Propose alteration of emergency response procedures, based on regulatory changes, technological changes, or knowledge gained from outcomes of previous emergency situations.O*NET Task ID 7255 | 0.5 |
Maintain and update all resource materials associated with emergency preparedness plans.O*NET Task ID 7256 | 0.5 |
Coordinate disaster response or crisis management activities, such as ordering evacuations, opening public shelters, and implementing special needs plans and programs.O*NET Task ID 7257 | 0.5 |
Keep informed of federal, state, and local regulations affecting emergency plans, and ensure that plans adhere to those regulations.O*NET Task ID 7259 | 0.5 |
Prepare emergency situation status reports that describe response and recovery efforts, needs, and preliminary damage assessments.O*NET Task ID 7260 | 0.5 |
Design and administer emergency or disaster preparedness training courses that teach people how to effectively respond to major emergencies and disasters.O*NET Task ID 7261 | 0.5 |
Consult with officials of local and area governments, schools, hospitals, and other institutions to determine their needs and capabilities in the event of a natural disaster or other emergency.O*NET Task ID 7263 | 0.5 |
Develop and perform tests and evaluations of emergency management plans in accordance with state and federal regulations.O*NET Task ID 7264 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with other officials to prepare and analyze damage assessments following disasters or emergencies.O*NET Task ID 7266 | 0.5 |
Develop instructional materials for the public and make presentations to citizens' groups to provide information on emergency plans and their implementation processes.O*NET Task ID 7267 | 0.5 |
Train local groups in the preparation of long-term plans that are compatible with federal and state plans.O*NET Task ID 7268 | 0.5 |
Review emergency plans of individual organizations, such as medical facilities, to ensure their adequacy.O*NET Task ID 7269 | 0.5 |
Conduct surveys to determine the types of emergency-related needs to be addressed in disaster planning, or provide technical support to others conducting such surveys.O*NET Task ID 7270 | 0.5 |
Study emergency plans used elsewhere to gather information for plan development.O*NET Task ID 7271 | 0.5 |
Apply for federal funding for emergency-management-related needs, and administer and report on the progress of such grants.O*NET Task ID 7272 | 0.5 |
Develop and implement training procedures and strategies for radiological protection, detection, and decontamination.O*NET Task ID 7273 | 0.5 |
Provide communities with assistance in applying for federal funding for emergency management facilities, radiological instrumentation, and related items.O*NET Task ID 7275 | 0.5 |
Develop and maintain liaisons with municipalities, county departments, and similar entities to facilitate plan development, response effort coordination, and exchanges of personnel and equipment.O*NET Task ID 7258 | 0.0 |
Inspect facilities and equipment, such as emergency management centers and communications equipment, to determine their operational and functional capabilities in emergency situations.O*NET Task ID 7262 | 0.0 |
Attend meetings, conferences, and workshops related to emergency management to learn new information and to develop working relationships with other emergency management specialists.O*NET Task ID 7265 | 0.0 |
Inventory and distribute nuclear, biological, and chemical detection and contamination equipment, providing instruction in its maintenance and use.O*NET Task ID 7274 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (23)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Keep informed of activities or changes that could affect the likelihood of an emergency, response efforts, or plan implementation. | Core |
| Prepare plans that outline operating procedures to be used in response to disasters or emergencies, such as hurricanes, nuclear accidents, and terrorist attacks, and in recovery from these events. | Core |
| Propose alteration of emergency response procedures, based on regulatory changes, technological changes, or knowledge gained from outcomes of previous emergency situations. | Core |
| Maintain and update all resource materials associated with emergency preparedness plans. | Core |
| Coordinate disaster response or crisis management activities, such as ordering evacuations, opening public shelters, and implementing special needs plans and programs. | Core |
| Develop and maintain liaisons with municipalities, county departments, and similar entities to facilitate plan development, response effort coordination, and exchanges of personnel and equipment. | Core |
| Keep informed of federal, state, and local regulations affecting emergency plans, and ensure that plans adhere to those regulations. | Core |
| Prepare emergency situation status reports that describe response and recovery efforts, needs, and preliminary damage assessments. | Core |
| Design and administer emergency or disaster preparedness training courses that teach people how to effectively respond to major emergencies and disasters. | Core |
| Inspect facilities and equipment, such as emergency management centers and communications equipment, to determine their operational and functional capabilities in emergency situations. | Core |
| Consult with officials of local and area governments, schools, hospitals, and other institutions to determine their needs and capabilities in the event of a natural disaster or other emergency. | Core |
| Develop and perform tests and evaluations of emergency management plans in accordance with state and federal regulations. | Core |
| Attend meetings, conferences, and workshops related to emergency management to learn new information and to develop working relationships with other emergency management specialists. | Core |
| Collaborate with other officials to prepare and analyze damage assessments following disasters or emergencies. | Core |
| Develop instructional materials for the public and make presentations to citizens' groups to provide information on emergency plans and their implementation processes. | Core |
| Train local groups in the preparation of long-term plans that are compatible with federal and state plans. | Core |
| Review emergency plans of individual organizations, such as medical facilities, to ensure their adequacy. | Core |
| Conduct surveys to determine the types of emergency-related needs to be addressed in disaster planning, or provide technical support to others conducting such surveys. | Core |
| Study emergency plans used elsewhere to gather information for plan development. | Core |
| Apply for federal funding for emergency-management-related needs, and administer and report on the progress of such grants. | Core |
| Provide communities with assistance in applying for federal funding for emergency management facilities, radiological instrumentation, and related items. | Core |
| Develop and implement training procedures and strategies for radiological protection, detection, and decontamination. | Supplemental |
| Inventory and distribute nuclear, biological, and chemical detection and contamination equipment, providing instruction in its maintenance and use. | Supplemental |
0.01/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Inspect facilities and equipment, such as emergency management centers and communications equipment, to determine their operational and functional capabilities in emergency situations. | E0 none |
| Inventory and distribute nuclear, biological, and chemical detection and contamination equipment, providing instruction in its maintenance and use. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 14K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 15K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.9%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $93,330
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23610 | 방재 기술자 및 연구원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
| 12110 | 정부 행정 관리자 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 1112Senior Government Officials
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Senior government officials advise governments on policy matters, oversee the interpretation and implementation of government policies and legislation by government departments and agencies, represent their country abroad and act on its behalf, or carry out similar tasks in intergovernmental organizations. They plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the overall activities of municipal or local, regional and national government departments, boards, agencies or commissions in accordance with legislation and policies established by government and legislative bodies.
Tasks
- (a) advising national, state, regional or local governments and legislators on policy matters;
- (b) advising on the preparation of government budgets, laws and regulations, including amendments;
- (c) establishing objectives for government departments or agencies in accordance with government legislation and policy;
- (d) formulating or approving and evaluating programmes and procedures for the implementation of government policies in conjunction or consultation with government;
- (e) recommending, reviewing, evaluating and approving documents, briefs and reports submitted by middle managers and senior staff members;
- (f) ensuring appropriate systems and procedures are developed and implemented to provide budgetary control;
- (g) coordinating activities with other senior government managers and officials;
- (h) making presentations to legislative and other government committees regarding policies programmes or budgets;
- (i) overseeing the interpretation and implementation of government policies and legislation by government departments and agencies.
Example occupations
Ambassador · City administrator · Civil service commissioner · Consul-general · Director-general (government department) · Director-general (intergovernmental organization) · Fire commissioner · Inspector-general (police) · Permanent head (government department) · Police chief constable · Police commissioner · Secretary-General (government administration) · Under-secretary (government)
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- emergency response coordinatorESCO 2263.1Same scope
Emergency response coordinators analyse potential risks such as disasters and emergencies for a community or institution and develop a strategy for reacting to these risks. They outline guidelines for the response to an emergency in order to decrease the effects. They educate the parties at risk on these guidelines. They also test response plans and ensure that the necessary supplies and equipments are in place in compliance with health and safety regulations.
- chief fire officerESCO 1349.8This occupation is broader
Chief fire officers supervise a fire department. They coordinate the operations of the department, and supervise and lead the fire and rescue staff during firefighting and rescue activities to ensure the safety of the staff and limitation of risks. They perform administrative duties to ensure record maintenance, and implement policies to improve the department's operations.
- fire commissionerESCO 1112.4This occupation is broader
Fire commissioners oversee the activity of the fire department making sure the services supplied are effective and the necessary equipment is provided. They develop and manage the business policies ensuring the legislation in the field is followed. Fire commissioners perform safety inspections and promotes fire prevention education.
- rescue centre managerESCO 1349.20This occupation is broader
Rescue centre managers supervise operations of a rescue centre, performing administrative duties and supervision of staff. They ensure that the centre operates according to policies and staff perform rescue missions in a safe, efficient and compliant manner.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K1702 | Responsable de sécurité civile et de secours | Overlapping, not the sameprovisional |
| K1744 | Chef / Cheffe de centre d'incendie et de secours | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 1112 | Personal directivo de la Administración Pública | Related, not a match |
| 1329 | Directores de otras empresas de servicios profesionales no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 53194 | Führungskräfte - Objekt-, Personen-, Brandschutz, Arbeitssicherheit | Overlapping, not the same |
| 53184 | Berufe in Objekt-, Personen-, Brandschutz, Arbeitssicherheit (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 81343 | Berufe im Rettungsdienst - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 013 | 管理的地方公務員 | Related, not a match |
| 031 | 会社管理職員 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources