Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes

Business and Financial Operations Occupations

O*NET-SOC code: 13-1011.00

Represent and promote artists, performers, and athletes in dealings with current or prospective employers. May handle contract negotiation and other business matters for clients.

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.118
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
Source dataset (CSV download)
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.44
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

14 rated tasks · 13 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (92.9%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.

Source: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release: gh-main-0471612
License: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Advise clients on financial and legal matters such as investments and taxes. 13-1011.00	0.035137.3
Keep informed of industry trends and deals. 13-1011.00	0.026828.5
Confer with clients to develop strategies for their careers, and to explain actions taken on their behalf. 13-1011.00	0.020722.1
Collect fees, commissions, or other payments, according to contract terms. 13-1011.00	0.00414.4
Prepare periodic accounting statements for clients. 13-1011.00	0.00353.7
Develop contacts with individuals and organizations, and apply effective strategies and techniques to ensure their clients' success. 13-1011.00	0.00222.3
Manage business and financial affairs for clients, such as arranging travel and lodging, selling tickets, and directing marketing and advertising activities. 13-1011.00	0.00161.7
Not observed on any surface — 6 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Schedule promotional or performance engagements for clients.	—0
Negotiate with managers, promoters, union officials, and other persons regarding clients' contractual rights and obligations.	—0
Conduct auditions or interviews to evaluate potential clients.	—0
Arrange meetings concerning issues involving their clients.	—0
Obtain information about or inspect performance facilities, equipment, and accommodations to ensure that they meet specifications.	—0
Hire trainers or coaches to advise clients on performance matters such as training techniques or performance presentations.	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Collect fees, commissions, or other payments, according to contract terms. O*NET Task ID 12865	1.0
Send samples of clients' work and other promotional material to potential employers to obtain auditions, sponsorships, or endorsement deals. O*NET Task ID 21163	1.0
Confer with clients to develop strategies for their careers, and to explain actions taken on their behalf. O*NET Task ID 12866	0.5
Develop contacts with individuals and organizations, and apply effective strategies and techniques to ensure their clients' success. O*NET Task ID 12867	0.5
Schedule promotional or performance engagements for clients. O*NET Task ID 12868	0.5
Negotiate with managers, promoters, union officials, and other persons regarding clients' contractual rights and obligations. O*NET Task ID 12869	0.5
Keep informed of industry trends and deals. O*NET Task ID 12870	0.5
Manage business and financial affairs for clients, such as arranging travel and lodging, selling tickets, and directing marketing and advertising activities. O*NET Task ID 12871	0.5
Arrange meetings concerning issues involving their clients. O*NET Task ID 12873	0.5
Prepare periodic accounting statements for clients. O*NET Task ID 12874	0.5
Advise clients on financial and legal matters, such as investments and taxes. O*NET Task ID 12875	0.5
Obtain information about or inspect performance facilities, equipment, and accommodations to ensure that they meet specifications. O*NET Task ID 12876	0.5
Hire trainers or coaches to advise clients on performance matters, such as training techniques or performance presentations. O*NET Task ID 12877	0.5
Show 3 more tasks ▾Show less ▴
Conduct auditions or interviews to evaluate potential clients. O*NET Task ID 12872	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

All O*NET 31.0 task statements (14)

All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.

Task (O*NET 31.0)	Type
Collect fees, commissions, or other payments, according to contract terms.	Core
Confer with clients to develop strategies for their careers, and to explain actions taken on their behalf.	Core
Develop contacts with individuals and organizations, and apply effective strategies and techniques to ensure their clients' success.	Core
Schedule promotional or performance engagements for clients.	Core
Negotiate with managers, promoters, union officials, and other persons regarding clients' contractual rights and obligations.	Core
Keep informed of industry trends and deals.	Core
Conduct auditions or interviews to evaluate potential clients.	Core
Arrange meetings concerning issues involving their clients.	Core
Send samples of clients' work and other promotional material to potential employers to obtain auditions, sponsorships, or endorsement deals.	Core
Manage business and financial affairs for clients, such as arranging travel and lodging, selling tickets, and directing marketing and advertising activities.	Supplemental
Prepare periodic accounting statements for clients.	Supplemental
Advise clients on financial and legal matters, such as investments and taxes.	Supplemental
Obtain information about or inspect performance facilities, equipment, and accommodations to ensure that they meet specifications.	Supplemental
Hire trainers or coaches to advise clients on performance matters, such as training techniques or performance presentations.	Supplemental

Employment outlook (BLS)

Employment, 2025: 27K
Projected employment, 2035: 30K
Change (2025–35): +9.7%
Median annual wage, 2025: $82,890
Typical education needed for entry: Bachelor's degree

lowest $30,890median wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559,030

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Korea classification links (KSCO)

Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.

KSCO code	KSCO title	Relation	Status
37221	연예인 매니저	This occupation is broader	confirmed
37222	스포츠 매니저	This occupation is broader	confirmed

Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO occupational description

AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.

ISCO-08 3339Business Services Agents Not Elsewhere Classified

The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.

This unit group covers business services agents not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 333: Business Services Agents. For instance, the group includes those who establish business contacts, sell business services such as advertising space in the media, arrange contracts for performances of athletes, entertainers and artists, for the publication of books, the production of plays, or the recording, performance and sale of music, sell property and goods by auction and who design and organize package and group tours.

Tasks

In such cases tasks would include -
(a) obtaining information about services to be sold and needs of prospective buyers;
(b) negotiating contracts on behalf of seller or buyer and explaining terms of sale and payment to client;
(c) signing agreements on behalf of seller or buyer and ensuring that contract is honoured;
(d) making sure that the business service purchased is made available to the buyer in the agreed format at the agreed time;
(e) selling by auction various kinds of property, cars, commodities, livestock, art, jewellery and other objects.
(f) organizing group tours for business or vacation travel and making bulk travel and accommodation bookings.

Example occupations

Advertising salesperson · Auctioneer · Literary agent · Musical performance agent · Sports agent · Theatrical agent · Tour operator

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO occupational vocabulary

ISCO-08 3339

publishing rights managerESCO 3339.6
Publishing rights managers are responsible for the copyrights of books. They organise the sale of these rights so books can be translated, made into movies, etc.
relocation officerESCO 3339.7
Relocation officers help businesses and organisations with the move of employees. They plan the whole move. Relocation officers advise on real estate. They plan moving services and look after the general well-being of the employees and their family.
promoterESCO 3339.5
Promoters work with artists (or their agents) and venues on to arrange a show. They liaise with bands and agents to agree on a date for a performance and negotiate a deal. They book a venue and promote the upcoming gig. They make sure everything the band needs is in place and set up soundcheck times and the running order of the show. Some promoters work freelance, but they may also be tied to a single venue or festival.
tourism contract negotiatorESCO 3339.9
Tourism contract negotiators negotiate tourism-related contracts between a tour operator and tourism service providers.
intellectual property consultantESCO 3339.4
Intellectual property consultants provide advice on the usage of intellectual property assests such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks. They help clients to value, in monetary terms, intellectual property portfolios, to follow adequate legal procedures for protecting of such property, and to perform patent brokerage activities.
talent agentESCO 3339.8
Talent agents represent artists, authors, performers and athletes. They promote their clients in order to attract prospective employers. Talent agents set up public appearances, auditions and performances. They take care of contract negotiations.
auctioneerESCO 3339.2
Auctioneers conduct auctions by accepting bids and declaring goods sold.
advertising sales agentESCO 3339.1
Advertising sales agents sell advertising space and media time to businesses and individuals. They make sales pitches to potential clients and follow up on after-sales.

ESCO occupations that ESCO classifies under the ISCO-08 unit groups linked above; they are not matched to this occupation one by one.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

France classification links (ROME)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.

ROME code	ROME title (French)	Relation
L1303	Agent / Agente de talent	Same scopeprovisional
L1312	Administrateur / Administratrice de tournées	Related, not a match
M1722	Chargé / Chargée de cession de droits, synchro	Related, not a match

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Spain classification links (CNO-11)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

CNO-11 code	CNO-11 title (Spanish)	Relation
3539	Representantes artísticos y deportivos y otros agentes de servicios comerciales no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes	This occupation is narrowerprovisional

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Germany classification links (KldB)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

KldB code	KldB title (German)	Relation
94483	Berufe in der Theater-, Film- und Fernsehproduktion (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	Overlapping, not the sameprovisional
92384	Verlags- und Medienkaufleute (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	Related, not a match

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Japan classification links (JSCO)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

JSCO code	JSCO title (Japanese)	Relation
339	その他の販売類似職業従事者	Related, not a matchprovisional
429	他に分類されないサービス職業従事者	Related, not a matchprovisional

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources