Customs Brokers
Business and Financial Operations Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 13-1041.08
Prepare customs documentation and ensure that shipments meet all applicable laws to facilitate the import and export of goods. Determine and track duties and taxes payable and process payments on behalf of client. Sign documents under a power of attorney. Represent clients in meetings with customs officials and apply for duty refunds and tariff reclassifications. Coordinate transportation and storage of imported goods.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.121
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.32–0.45· 3 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 3351Customs and Border Inspectors0.32
- ISCO-08 3353Government Social Benefits Officials0.45
- ISCO-08 3354Government Licensing Officials0.43
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only23 rated tasks · 23 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (100.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupation 13-1199.03 Customs Brokers, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Provide advice on transportation options, types of carriers, or shipping routes.13-1199.03 | 0.021645.0 |
Stay abreast of changes in import or export laws or regulations by reading current literature, attending meetings or conferences, or conferring with colleagues.13-1199.03 | 0.014329.8 |
Prepare and process import and export documentation according to customs regulations, laws, or procedures.13-1199.03 | 0.005812.0 |
Monitor or trace the location of goods.13-1199.03 | 0.00418.6 |
Suggest best methods of packaging or labeling products.13-1199.03 | 0.00234.7 |
| Not observed on any surface — 18 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Sign documents on behalf of clients, using powers of attorney. | —0 |
Post bonds for the products being imported or assist clients in obtaining bonds. | —0 |
Insure cargo against loss, damage, or pilferage. | —0 |
Obtain line releases for frequent shippers of low-risk commodities, high-volume entries, or multiple-container loads. | —0 |
Contract with freight forwarders for destination services. | —0 |
Arrange for transportation, warehousing, or product distribution of imported or exported products. | —0 |
Request or compile necessary import documentation, such as customs invoices, certificates of origin, and cargo-control documents. | —0 |
Quote duty and tax rates on goods to be imported, based on federal tariffs and excise taxes. | —0 |
Prepare papers for shippers to appeal duty charges. | —0 |
Pay, or arrange for payment of, taxes and duties on shipments. | —0 |
Maintain relationships with customs brokers in other ports to expedite clearing of cargo. | —0 |
Inform importers and exporters of steps to reduce duties and taxes. | —0 |
Confer with officials in various agencies to facilitate clearance of goods through customs and quarantine. | —0 |
Classify goods according to tariff coding system. | —0 |
Calculate duty and tariff payments owed on shipments. | —0 |
Apply for tariff concessions or for duty drawbacks and other refunds. | —0 |
Advise customers on import and export restrictions, tariff systems, insurance requirements, quotas, or other customs-related matters. | —0 |
Clear goods through customs and to their destinations for clients. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Sign documents on behalf of clients, using powers of attorney.O*NET Task ID 15924 | 1.0 |
Quote duty and tax rates on goods to be imported, based on federal tariffs and excise taxes.O*NET Task ID 15934 | 1.0 |
Prepare papers for shippers to appeal duty charges.O*NET Task ID 15935 | 1.0 |
Classify goods according to tariff coding system.O*NET Task ID 15941 | 1.0 |
Calculate duty and tariff payments owed on shipments.O*NET Task ID 15942 | 1.0 |
Prepare and process import and export documentation according to customs regulations, laws, or procedures.O*NET Task ID 15945 | 1.0 |
Provide advice on transportation options, types of carriers, or shipping routes.O*NET Task ID 15925 | 0.5 |
Post bonds for the products being imported or assist clients in obtaining bonds.O*NET Task ID 15926 | 0.5 |
Insure cargo against loss, damage, or pilferage.O*NET Task ID 15927 | 0.5 |
Obtain line releases for frequent shippers of low-risk commodities, high-volume entries, or multiple-container loads.O*NET Task ID 15928 | 0.5 |
Contract with freight forwarders for destination services.O*NET Task ID 15929 | 0.5 |
Arrange for transportation, warehousing, or product distribution of imported or exported products.O*NET Task ID 15930 | 0.5 |
Suggest best methods of packaging or labeling products.O*NET Task ID 15931 | 0.5 |
Request or compile necessary import documentation, such as customs invoices, certificates of origin, and cargo-control documents.O*NET Task ID 15932 | 0.5 |
Stay abreast of changes in import or export laws or regulations by reading current literature, attending meetings or conferences, or conferring with colleagues.O*NET Task ID 15933 | 0.5 |
Pay, or arrange for payment of, taxes and duties on shipments.O*NET Task ID 15936 | 0.5 |
Monitor or trace the location of goods.O*NET Task ID 15937 | 0.5 |
Maintain relationships with customs brokers in other ports to expedite clearing of cargo.O*NET Task ID 15938 | 0.5 |
Inform importers and exporters of steps to reduce duties and taxes.O*NET Task ID 15939 | 0.5 |
Confer with officials in various agencies to facilitate clearance of goods through customs and quarantine.O*NET Task ID 15940 | 0.5 |
Apply for tariff concessions or for duty drawbacks and other refunds.O*NET Task ID 15943 | 0.5 |
Advise customers on import and export restrictions, tariff systems, insurance requirements, quotas, or other customs-related matters.O*NET Task ID 15944 | 0.5 |
Clear goods through customs and to their destinations for clients.O*NET Task ID 15946 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (23)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Sign documents on behalf of clients, using powers of attorney. | Core |
| Provide advice on transportation options, types of carriers, or shipping routes. | Core |
| Post bonds for the products being imported or assist clients in obtaining bonds. | Core |
| Insure cargo against loss, damage, or pilferage. | Core |
| Obtain line releases for frequent shippers of low-risk commodities, high-volume entries, or multiple-container loads. | Core |
| Contract with freight forwarders for destination services. | Core |
| Arrange for transportation, warehousing, or product distribution of imported or exported products. | Core |
| Suggest best methods of packaging or labeling products. | Core |
| Request or compile necessary import documentation, such as customs invoices, certificates of origin, and cargo-control documents. | Core |
| Stay abreast of changes in import or export laws or regulations by reading current literature, attending meetings or conferences, or conferring with colleagues. | Core |
| Quote duty and tax rates on goods to be imported, based on federal tariffs and excise taxes. | Core |
| Prepare papers for shippers to appeal duty charges. | Core |
| Pay, or arrange for payment of, taxes and duties on shipments. | Core |
| Monitor or trace the location of goods. | Core |
| Inform importers and exporters of steps to reduce duties and taxes. | Core |
| Confer with officials in various agencies to facilitate clearance of goods through customs and quarantine. | Core |
| Classify goods according to tariff coding system. | Core |
| Calculate duty and tariff payments owed on shipments. | Core |
| Apply for tariff concessions or for duty drawbacks and other refunds. | Core |
| Advise customers on import and export restrictions, tariff systems, insurance requirements, quotas, or other customs-related matters. | Core |
| Prepare and process import and export documentation according to customs regulations, laws, or procedures. | Core |
| Clear goods through customs and to their destinations for clients. | Core |
| Maintain relationships with customs brokers in other ports to expedite clearing of cargo. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 13-1041 group (Compliance officers), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 436K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 453K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.8%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $80,730
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28140 | 관세사 | Same scope | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 3351Customs and Border Inspectors
- ISCO-08 3353Government Social Benefits Officials
- ISCO-08 3354Government Licensing Officials
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- import export specialistESCO 3331.2.1Same scope
Import export specialists have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation. They declare goods that cross the border, inform customers about customs and give advice concerning disputes related to customs legislation. They prepare the documents needed and make sure they are delivered to customs. They check and process duty and make sure VAT payments are done as applicable.
- import export specialist in fish, crustaceans and molluscsESCO 3331.2.1.12This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in fish, crustaceans and molluscs have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in agricultural machinery and equipmentESCO 3331.2.1.1This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in agricultural machinery and equipment have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in agricultural raw materials, seeds and animal feedsESCO 3331.2.1.2This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in agricultural raw materials, seeds and animal feeds have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in beveragesESCO 3331.2.1.3This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in beverages have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in chemical productsESCO 3331.2.1.4This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in chemical products have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in china and other glasswareESCO 3331.2.1.5This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in china and other glassware have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in clothing and footwearESCO 3331.2.1.6This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in clothing and footwear have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in coffee, tea, cocoa and spicesESCO 3331.2.1.7This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in coffee, tea, cocoa and spices have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in computers, peripheral equipment and softwareESCO 3331.2.1.8This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in computers, peripheral equipment and software have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in dairy products and edible oilsESCO 3331.2.1.9This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in dairy products and edible oils have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
- import export specialist in electrical household appliancesESCO 3331.2.1.10This occupation is broader
Import export specialists in electrical household appliances have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.
+24 more
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| N1203 | Déclarant / Déclarante en douane | Same scopeprovisional |
| N4106 | Responsable de douane | Overlapping, not the sameprovisional |
| N1202 | Agent / Agente de transit | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 3531 | Representantes de aduanas | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 51623 | Speditions- und Logistikkaufleute - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | This occupation is narrower |
| 51622 | Speditions- und Logistikkaufleute - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 249 | 他に分類されない専門的職業従事者 | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources