Operations Research Analysts
Computer and Mathematical Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 15-2031.00
Formulate and apply mathematical modeling and other optimizing methods to develop and interpret information that assists management with decisionmaking, policy formulation, or other managerial functions. May collect and analyze data and develop decision support software, services, or products. May develop and supply optimal time, cost, or logistics networks for program evaluation, review, or implementation.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.429
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.56
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only16 rated tasks · 16 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (100.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Prepare management reports defining and evaluating problems and recommending solutions.15-2031.00 | 0.107825.5 | 0.023312.4 |
Develop business methods and procedures, including accounting systems, file systems, office systems, logistics systems, and production schedules.15-2031.00 | 0.087720.7 | 0.01166.2 |
Analyze information obtained from management to conceptualize and define operational problems.15-2031.00 | 0.075417.8 | 0.053728.6 |
Collaborate with senior managers and decision makers to identify and solve a variety of problems and to clarify management objectives.15-2031.00 | 0.052712.4 | 0.00422.2 |
Study and analyze information about alternative courses of action to determine which plan will offer the best outcomes.15-2031.00 | 0.044410.5 | 0.00643.4 |
Break systems into their component parts, assign numerical values to each component, and examine the mathematical relationships between them.15-2031.00 | 0.03939.3 | 0.069236.8 |
Formulate mathematical or simulation models of problems, relating constants and variables, restrictions, alternatives, conflicting objectives, and their numerical parameters.15-2031.00 | 0.00631.5 | 0.00995.3 |
Define data requirements and gather and validate information, applying judgment and statistical tests.15-2031.00 | 0.00531.3 | 0.00955.1 |
Collaborate with others in the organization to ensure successful implementation of chosen problem solutions.15-2031.00 | 0.00451.1 | —0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 5 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Perform validation and testing of models to ensure adequacy and reformulate models as necessary. | —0 | —0 |
Specify manipulative or computational methods to be applied to models. | —0 | —0 |
Observe the current system in operation and gather and analyze information about each of the parts of component problems, using a variety of sources. | —0 | —0 |
Design, conduct, and evaluate experimental operational models in cases where models cannot be developed from existing data. | —0 | —0 |
Develop and apply time and cost networks to plan, control, and review large projects. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Formulate mathematical or simulation models of problems, relating constants and variables, restrictions, alternatives, conflicting objectives, and their numerical parameters.O*NET Task ID 7377 | 1.0 |
Break systems into their components, assign numerical values to each component, and examine the mathematical relationships between them.O*NET Task ID 7385 | 1.0 |
Specify manipulative or computational methods to be applied to models.O*NET Task ID 7386 | 1.0 |
Design, conduct, and evaluate experimental operational models in cases where models cannot be developed from existing data.O*NET Task ID 7388 | 1.0 |
Collaborate with others in the organization to ensure successful implementation of chosen problem solutions.O*NET Task ID 7378 | 0.5 |
Analyze information obtained from management to conceptualize and define operational problems.O*NET Task ID 7379 | 0.5 |
Perform validation and testing of models to ensure adequacy, and reformulate models, as necessary.O*NET Task ID 7380 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with senior managers and decision makers to identify and solve a variety of problems and to clarify management objectives.O*NET Task ID 7381 | 0.5 |
Define data requirements, and gather and validate information, applying judgment and statistical tests.O*NET Task ID 7382 | 0.5 |
Study and analyze information about alternative courses of action to determine which plan will offer the best outcomes.O*NET Task ID 7383 | 0.5 |
Prepare management reports defining and evaluating problems and recommending solutions.O*NET Task ID 7384 | 0.5 |
Observe the current system in operation, and gather and analyze information about each of the component problems, using a variety of sources.O*NET Task ID 7387 | 0.5 |
Develop and apply time and cost networks to plan, control, and review large projects.O*NET Task ID 7389 | 0.5 |
Develop business methods and procedures, including accounting systems, file systems, office systems, logistics systems, and production schedules.O*NET Task ID 7390 | 0.5 |
Present the results of mathematical modeling and data analysis to management or other end users.O*NET Task ID 20952 | 0.5 |
Educate staff in the use of mathematical models.O*NET Task ID 20953 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (17)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Formulate mathematical or simulation models of problems, relating constants and variables, restrictions, alternatives, conflicting objectives, and their numerical parameters. | Core |
| Collaborate with others in the organization to ensure successful implementation of chosen problem solutions. | Core |
| Analyze information obtained from management to conceptualize and define operational problems. | Core |
| Perform validation and testing of models to ensure adequacy, and reformulate models, as necessary. | Core |
| Collaborate with senior managers and decision makers to identify and solve a variety of problems and to clarify management objectives. | Core |
| Define data requirements, and gather and validate information, applying judgment and statistical tests. | Core |
| Study and analyze information about alternative courses of action to determine which plan will offer the best outcomes. | Core |
| Prepare management reports defining and evaluating problems and recommending solutions. | Core |
| Break systems into their components, assign numerical values to each component, and examine the mathematical relationships between them. | Core |
| Specify manipulative or computational methods to be applied to models. | Core |
| Observe the current system in operation, and gather and analyze information about each of the component problems, using a variety of sources. | Core |
| Design, conduct, and evaluate experimental operational models in cases where models cannot be developed from existing data. | Core |
| Develop and apply time and cost networks to plan, control, and review large projects. | Core |
| Develop business methods and procedures, including accounting systems, file systems, office systems, logistics systems, and production schedules. | Core |
| Present the results of mathematical modeling and data analysis to management or other end users. | Core |
| Educate staff in the use of mathematical models. | Core |
| Review research literature. | Core |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 113K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 127K
- Change (2025–35)
- +11.9%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $88,940
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21123 | 수학 및 통계학 연구원 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2120Mathematicians, Actuaries and Statisticians
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Mathematicians, actuaries and statisticians conduct research and improve or develop mathematical, actuarial and statistical concepts, theories and operational methods and techniques and advise on or engage in their practical application in such fields as engineering, business and social and other sciences.
Tasks
- (a) studying, improving and developing mathematical, actuarial and statistical theories and techniques;
- (b) advising on or applying mathematical principles, models and techniques to a wide range of tasks in the fields of engineering, natural, social or life sciences;
- (c) conducting logical analyses of management problems, especially in terms of input-output effectiveness, and formulating mathematical models of each problem usually for programmeming and solution by computer;
- (c) designing and putting into operation pension schemes and life, health, social and other types of insurance systems;
- (e) applying mathematics, statistics, probability and risk theory to assess potential financial impacts of future events;
- (f) planning and organizing surveys and other statistical collections, and designing questionnaires;
- (g) evaluating, processing, analysing, and interpreting statistical data and preparing them for publication;
- (h) advising on or applying various data collection methods and statistical methods and techniques, and determining reliability of findings, especially in such fields as business or medicine as well as in other areas of natural, social or life sciences;
- (i) preparing scientific papers and reports;
- (j) supervising the work of mathematical, actuarial and statistical assistants and statistical clerks.
Example occupations
Actuary · Demographer · Mathematician · Operations research analyst · Statistician
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- business intelligence managerESCO 2421.3Overlapping, not the same
Business intelligence managers gain knowledge of the industry, the innovative processes therein, and contrast them with the operations of the company in order to improve them. They focus their analysis in the supply chain processes, warehouses, storage, and sales as to facilitate communication and revenue improvement.
- logistics analystESCO 2141.6Overlapping, not the same
Logistics analysts streamline product manufacturing, transportation, storage and distribution. They assess production and supply chain problems to determine economically efficient solutions. They assists company managers in decision-making processes and direct programs designed to provide subcontractors, managers and customers with logistic technology.
- logistics engineerESCO 2149.2.6Overlapping, not the same
Logistics engineers design and implement systems aimed to optimise the time and efforts invested in transportation activities. They ensure that systems allow for micro-tracking and smooth communication across transport methods and stages.
- occupational analystESCO 2423.5Overlapping, not the same
Occupational analysts collect and analyse occupational information within one field or company in order to make recommendations for reducing costs and general business improvements. They provide technical assistance to employers in dealing with problematic staff recruitment and development and with staff restructuring. Occupational analysts study and write job descriptions and prepare occupational classification systems.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| G1302 | Yield manager | Related, not a match |
| K2408 | Mathématicien / Mathématicienne | Related, not a match |
| M1405 | Data scientist | Related, not a match |
| M1414 | Ingénieur statisticien / Ingénieure statisticienne | Related, not a match |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2415 | Matemáticos y actuarios | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 2621 | Analistas de gestión y organización | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 41184 | Berufe in der Mathematik (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the same |
| 71314 | Berufe in der Unternehmensorganisation und -planung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 189 | その他の経営・金融・保険専門職業従事者 | Related, not a match |
| 253 | 企画事務員 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources