Electrical Engineers
Architecture and Engineering Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 17-2071.00
Research, design, develop, test, or supervise the manufacturing and installation of electrical equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.059
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.31
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only22 rated tasks · 19 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (86.4%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform engineering tasks.O*NET Task ID 1349 | 1.0 |
Perform detailed calculations to compute and establish manufacturing, construction, or installation standards or specifications.O*NET Task ID 1351 | 1.0 |
Plan or implement research methodology or procedures to apply principles of electrical theory to engineering projects.O*NET Task ID 1353 | 1.0 |
Prepare specifications for purchases of materials or equipment.O*NET Task ID 1354 | 1.0 |
Compile data and write reports regarding existing or potential electrical engineering studies or projects.O*NET Task ID 1363 | 1.0 |
Design, implement, maintain, or improve electrical instruments, equipment, facilities, components, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, or domestic purposes.O*NET Task ID 1348 | 0.5 |
Direct or coordinate manufacturing, construction, installation, maintenance, support, documentation, or testing activities to ensure compliance with specifications, codes, or customer requirements.O*NET Task ID 1350 | 0.5 |
Investigate or test vendors' or competitors' products.O*NET Task ID 1356 | 0.5 |
Oversee project production efforts to assure projects are completed on time and within budget.O*NET Task ID 1357 | 0.5 |
Prepare technical drawings, specifications of electrical systems, or topographical maps to ensure that installation and operations conform to standards and customer requirements.O*NET Task ID 1358 | 0.5 |
Plan layout of electric power generating plants or distribution lines or stations.O*NET Task ID 1360 | 0.5 |
Assist in developing capital project programs for new equipment or major repairs.O*NET Task ID 1361 | 0.5 |
Collect data relating to commercial or residential development, population, or power system interconnection to determine operating efficiency of electrical systems.O*NET Task ID 1364 | 0.5 |
Conduct field surveys or study maps, graphs, diagrams, or other data to identify and correct power system problems.O*NET Task ID 1365 | 0.5 |
Design electrical systems or components that minimize electric energy requirements, such as lighting systems designed to account for natural lighting.O*NET Task ID 19617 | 0.5 |
Develop systems that produce electricity with renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, or biofuels.O*NET Task ID 19618 | 0.5 |
Integrate electrical systems with renewable energy systems to improve overall efficiency.O*NET Task ID 19619 | 0.5 |
Estimate labor, material, or construction costs for budget preparation purposes.O*NET Task ID 20729 | 0.5 |
Investigate customer or public complaints to determine the nature and extent of problems.O*NET Task ID 20730 | 0.5 |
Confer with engineers, customers, or others to discuss existing or potential engineering projects or products.O*NET Task ID 1347 | 0.0 |
Supervise or train project team members, as necessary.O*NET Task ID 1355 | 0.0 |
Inspect completed installations and observe operations to ensure conformance to design and equipment specifications and compliance with operational, safety, or environmental standards.O*NET Task ID 20731 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (22)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Confer with engineers, customers, or others to discuss existing or potential engineering projects or products. | Core |
| Design, implement, maintain, or improve electrical instruments, equipment, facilities, components, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, or domestic purposes. | Core |
| Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform engineering tasks. | Core |
| Direct or coordinate manufacturing, construction, installation, maintenance, support, documentation, or testing activities to ensure compliance with specifications, codes, or customer requirements. | Core |
| Perform detailed calculations to compute and establish manufacturing, construction, or installation standards or specifications. | Core |
| Plan or implement research methodology or procedures to apply principles of electrical theory to engineering projects. | Core |
| Prepare specifications for purchases of materials or equipment. | Core |
| Supervise or train project team members, as necessary. | Core |
| Investigate or test vendors' or competitors' products. | Core |
| Oversee project production efforts to assure projects are completed on time and within budget. | Core |
| Prepare technical drawings, specifications of electrical systems, or topographical maps to ensure that installation and operations conform to standards and customer requirements. | Core |
| Assist in developing capital project programs for new equipment or major repairs. | Core |
| Compile data and write reports regarding existing or potential electrical engineering studies or projects. | Core |
| Estimate labor, material, or construction costs for budget preparation purposes. | Core |
| Investigate customer or public complaints to determine the nature and extent of problems. | Core |
| Inspect completed installations and observe operations to ensure conformance to design and equipment specifications and compliance with operational, safety, or environmental standards. | Core |
| Collect data relating to commercial or residential development, population, or power system interconnection to determine operating efficiency of electrical systems. | Supplemental |
| Conduct field surveys or study maps, graphs, diagrams, or other data to identify and correct power system problems. | Supplemental |
| Design electrical systems or components that minimize electric energy requirements, such as lighting systems designed to account for natural lighting. | Supplemental |
| Develop systems that produce electricity with renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, or biofuels. | Supplemental |
| Integrate electrical systems with renewable energy systems to improve overall efficiency. | Supplemental |
| Develop software to control electrical systems. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Inspect completed installations and observe operations to ensure conformance to design and equipment specifications and compliance with operational, safety, or environmental standards. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 200K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 220K
- Change (2025–35)
- +9.9%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $120,630
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23411 | 전기제품 개발 기술자 및 연구원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23412 | 발전설비 기술자 및 연구원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23413 | 송배전설비 기술자 및 연구원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23419 | 그 외 전기공학 기술자 및 연구원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23414 | 전기계측 제어 기술자 및 연구원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
| 23416 | 전기 안전 기술자 및 연구원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
| 23124 | 건축설비 기술자 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
| 23415 | 전기 감리 기술자 및 연구원 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2151Electrical Engineers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Electrical engineers conduct research and advise on, design and direct the construction and operation of electrical systems, components, motors and equipment, and advise on and direct their functioning, maintenance and repair, or study and advise on technological aspects of electrical engineering materials, products and processes.
Tasks
- (a) advising on and designing power stations and systems which generate, transmit and distribute electrical power;
- (b) supervising, controlling and monitoring the operation of electrical generation, transmission and distribution systems;
- (c) advising on and designing systems for electrical motors, electrical traction and other equipment, or electrical domestic appliances;
- (d) specifying electrical installation and application in industrial and other buildings and objects;
- (e) establishing control standards and procedures to monitor performance and safety of electrical generating and distribution systems, motors and equipment;
- (f) determining manufacturing methods for electrical systems, as well as maintenance and repair of existing electrical systems, motors and equipment.
Example occupations
Electrical engineer · Electric power generation engineer · Electromechanical engineer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- electrical engineerESCO 2151.1Same scope
Electrical engineers design and develop electrical systems, electrical equipment, components, motors, and equipment with the feature of energy transmission. They engage in large scale projects such as the design and maintenance of power stations, and the distribution of power to smaller applications such as household appliances.
- electric power generation engineerESCO 2151.1.1This occupation is broader
Electric power generation engineers design and develop systems which generate electrical power, and develop strategies for the improvement of existing electricity generation systems. They strive to conciliate sustainable solutions with efficient and affordable solutions. They engage in projects where supply of electrical energy is required.
- electromagnetic engineerESCO 2151.1.2This occupation is broader
Electromagnetic engineers design and develop electromagnetic systems, devices, and components, such as electromagnets in loudspeakers, electromagnetic locks, conducting magnets in MRI's, and magnets in electric motors.
- electromechanical engineerESCO 2151.1.3This occupation is broader
Electromechanical engineers design and develop equipment and machinery that use both electrical and mechanical technology. They make draughts and prepare documents detailing the material requisitions, the assembly process and other technical specifications. Electromechanical engineers also test and evaluate the prototypes. They oversee the manufacturing process.
- mine electrical engineerESCO 2151.1.4This occupation is broader
Mine electrical engineers supervise the procurement, installation and maintenance of mining electrical equipment, using their knowledge of electrical and electronic principles. They organise the replacement and repair of electrical equipment and components.
- power distribution engineerESCO 2151.1.5This occupation is broader
Power distribution engineers design and operate facilities which distribute power from the distribution facility to the consumers. They research methods for the optimisation of power distribution, and ensure the consumers' needs are met. They also ensure compliance to safety regulations by monitoring the automated processes in plants and directing workflow.
- substation engineerESCO 2151.1.6This occupation is broader
Substation engineers design medium and high voltage substations used for the transmission, distribution, and generation of electrical energy. They develop methods for the efficient operation of the energy process, and ensure compliance to safety and environmental standards.
- integrated circuit design engineerESCO 2152.1.6.1Overlapping, not the same
Integrated circuit design engineers design the layout for integrated circuits according to electronics engineering principles. They use software to create design schematics and diagrams.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| F1141 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure études conception électrique | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| H1206 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure R&D en industrie | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| H2502 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure de production | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2441 | Ingenieros en electricidad | This occupation is broader |
| 2471 | Ingenieros técnicos en electricidad | This occupation is broader |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 26264 | Berufe in der Leitungsinstallation und -wartung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 26234 | Berufe in der Energie- und Kraftwerkstechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the same |
| 26304 | Berufe in der Elektrotechnik (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the same |
| 26124 | Berufe in der Automatisierungstechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 072 | 電気・電子・電気通信技術者（通信ネットワーク技術者を除く）（開発） | This occupation is narrower |
| 082 | 電気・電子・電気通信技術者（通信ネットワーク技術者を除く）（開発を除く） | Overlapping, not the same |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources