Energy Engineers, Except Wind and Solar
Architecture and Engineering Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 17-2199.03
Design, develop, or evaluate energy-related projects or programs to reduce energy costs or improve energy efficiency during the designing, building, or remodeling stages of construction. May specialize in electrical systems; heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems; green buildings; lighting; air quality; or energy procurement.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.066
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.30
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only21 rated tasks · 21 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (100.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupation 17-2199.03 Energy Engineers, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Analyze, interpret, or create graphical representations of energy data, using engineering software.17-2199.03 | 0.027450.6 | 0.023163.7 |
Prepare project reports and other program or technical documentation.17-2199.03 | 0.011821.8 | 0.004913.5 |
Provide consultation to clients or other engineers on topics such as climate control systems, energy modeling, data logging, energy management control systems, lighting or daylighting design, sustainable design, and energy auditing.17-2199.03 | 0.007213.2 | —0 |
Identify energy savings opportunities and make recommendations to achieve more energy efficient operation.17-2199.03 | 0.00336.1 | 0.00164.4 |
Promote awareness or use of alternative or renewable energy sources.17-2199.03 | 0.00275.0 | 0.003910.8 |
Monitor and analyze energy consumption.17-2199.03 | 0.00183.3 | 0.00287.6 |
| Not observed on any surface — 15 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Conduct jobsite observations, field inspections, or sub-metering to collect data for energy conservation analyses. | —0 | —0 |
Perform energy modeling, measurement, verification, commissioning, or retro-commissioning. | —0 | —0 |
Consult with construction or renovation clients or other engineers on topics such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) or Green Buildings. | —0 | —0 |
Inspect or monitor energy systems, including heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) or daylighting systems to determine energy use or potential energy savings. | —0 | —0 |
Manage the development, design, or construction of energy conservation projects to ensure acceptability of budgets and time lines, conformance to federal and state laws, or adherence to approved specifications. | —0 | —0 |
Oversee design or construction aspects related to energy such as energy engineering, energy management, and sustainable design. | —0 | —0 |
Direct the work of contractors or staff in the implementation of energy management projects. | —0 | —0 |
Evaluate construction design information such as detail and assembly drawings, design calculations, system layouts and sketches, or specifications. | —0 | —0 |
Review architectural, mechanical, or electrical plans and specifications to evaluate energy efficiency or determine economic, service, or engineering feasibility. | —0 | —0 |
Conduct energy audits to evaluate energy use, costs, or conservation measures. | —0 | —0 |
Make recommendations regarding energy fuel selection. | —0 | —0 |
Review or negotiate energy purchase agreements. | —0 | —0 |
Train personnel or clients on topics such as energy management. | —0 | —0 |
Conduct research or collect data on renewable or alternative energy systems or technologies such as solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. | —0 | —0 |
Write or install energy management routines for building automation systems. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Write or install energy management routines for building automation systems.O*NET Task ID 19648 | 1.0 |
Prepare energy-related project reports or related documentation.O*NET Task ID 20861 | 1.0 |
Perform energy modeling, measurement, verification, commissioning, or retro-commissioning.O*NET Task ID 18148 | 0.5 |
Consult with construction or renovation clients or other engineers on topics such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) or Green Buildings.O*NET Task ID 18149 | 0.5 |
Inspect or monitor energy systems, including heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) or daylighting systems to determine energy use or potential energy savings.O*NET Task ID 18150 | 0.5 |
Manage the development, design, or construction of energy conservation projects to ensure acceptability of budgets and time lines, conformance to federal and state laws, or adherence to approved specifications.O*NET Task ID 18151 | 0.5 |
Monitor and analyze energy consumption.O*NET Task ID 18156 | 0.5 |
Promote awareness or use of alternative or renewable energy sources.O*NET Task ID 18157 | 0.5 |
Analyze, interpret, or create graphical representations of energy data, using engineering software.O*NET Task ID 18159 | 0.5 |
Review or negotiate energy purchase agreements.O*NET Task ID 18165 | 0.5 |
Train personnel or clients on topics such as energy management.O*NET Task ID 18166 | 0.5 |
Identify and recommend energy savings strategies to achieve more energy-efficient operation.O*NET Task ID 20854 | 0.5 |
Conduct energy audits to evaluate energy use and to identify conservation and cost reduction measures.O*NET Task ID 20855 | 0.5 |
Monitor energy related design or construction issues, such as energy engineering, energy management, or sustainable design.O*NET Task ID 20856 | 0.5 |
Advise clients or colleagues on topics such as climate control systems, energy modeling, data logging, sustainable design, or energy auditing.O*NET Task ID 20857 | 0.5 |
Verify energy bills and meter readings.O*NET Task ID 20858 | 0.5 |
Collect data for energy conservation analyses, using jobsite observation, field inspections, or sub-metering.O*NET Task ID 20859 | 0.5 |
Review architectural, mechanical, or electrical plans or specifications to evaluate energy efficiency.O*NET Task ID 20860 | 0.5 |
Direct the implementation of energy management projects.O*NET Task ID 20862 | 0.5 |
Research renewable or alternative energy systems or technologies, such as solar thermal or photovoltaic energy.O*NET Task ID 20863 | 0.5 |
Recommend best fuel for specific sites or circumstances.O*NET Task ID 20864 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (21)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Perform energy modeling, measurement, verification, commissioning, or retro-commissioning. | Core |
| Inspect or monitor energy systems, including heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) or daylighting systems to determine energy use or potential energy savings. | Core |
| Manage the development, design, or construction of energy conservation projects to ensure acceptability of budgets and time lines, conformance to federal and state laws, or adherence to approved specifications. | Core |
| Monitor and analyze energy consumption. | Core |
| Promote awareness or use of alternative or renewable energy sources. | Core |
| Analyze, interpret, or create graphical representations of energy data, using engineering software. | Core |
| Train personnel or clients on topics such as energy management. | Core |
| Write or install energy management routines for building automation systems. | Core |
| Identify and recommend energy savings strategies to achieve more energy-efficient operation. | Core |
| Conduct energy audits to evaluate energy use and to identify conservation and cost reduction measures. | Core |
| Monitor energy related design or construction issues, such as energy engineering, energy management, or sustainable design. | Core |
| Advise clients or colleagues on topics such as climate control systems, energy modeling, data logging, sustainable design, or energy auditing. | Core |
| Verify energy bills and meter readings. | Core |
| Collect data for energy conservation analyses, using jobsite observation, field inspections, or sub-metering. | Core |
| Review architectural, mechanical, or electrical plans or specifications to evaluate energy efficiency. | Core |
| Prepare energy-related project reports or related documentation. | Core |
| Direct the implementation of energy management projects. | Core |
| Recommend best fuel for specific sites or circumstances. | Core |
| Consult with construction or renovation clients or other engineers on topics such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) or Green Buildings. | Supplemental |
| Review or negotiate energy purchase agreements. | Supplemental |
| Research renewable or alternative energy systems or technologies, such as solar thermal or photovoltaic energy. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Perform energy modeling, measurement, verification, commissioning, or retro-commissioning. | E0 none |
| Inspect or monitor energy systems, including heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) or daylighting systems to determine energy use or potential energy savings. | E0 none |
| Conduct energy audits to evaluate energy use and to identify conservation and cost reduction measures. | E0 none |
| Collect data for energy conservation analyses, using jobsite observation, field inspections, or sub-metering. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 17-2199 group (Engineers, all other), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 167K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 173K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.7%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $122,930
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23126 | 건축에너지 관리 및 평가 기술자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23124 | 건축설비 기술자 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2149Engineering Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
This unit group covers engineering professionals not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 214: Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology) or in Minor Group 215: Electrotechnology Engineers. For instance, the group includes those who conduct research and advise on or develop engineering procedures and solutions concerning workplace safety, biomedical engineering, optics, materials, nuclear power generation and explosives.
Tasks
- In such cases tasks would include -
- (a) applying knowledge of engineering to the design, development and evaluation of biological and health systems and products such as artificial organs, prostheses and instrumentation;
- (b) designing devices used in various medical procedures and imaging systems such as magnetic resonance imaging, and devices for automating insulin injections or controlling body functions;
- (c) designing components of optical instruments such as lenses, microscopes, telescopes, lasers, optical disc systems and other equipment that utilize the properties of light;
- (d) designing, testing, and coordinating the development of explosive ordnance material to meet military procurement specifications;
- (e) designing and overseeing construction and operation of nuclear reactors and power plants and nuclear fuels reprocessing and reclamation systems;
- (f) designing and developing nuclear equipment such as reactor cores, radiation shielding and associated instrumentation and control mechanisms;
- (g) assessing damage and providing calculations for marine salvage operations;
- (h) studying and advising on engineering aspects of particular manufacturing processes, such as those related to glass, ceramics, textiles, leather products, wood and printing;
- (i) identifying potential hazards and introducing safety procedures and devices.
Example occupations
Biomedical engineer · Explosive ordnance engineer · Marine salvage engineer · Materials engineer · Nuclear power generation engineer · Optical engineer · Quantity surveyor · Safety engineer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- energy analystESCO 3112.5Overlapping, not the same
Energy analysts evaluate the consumption of energy in buidings owned by consumers and businesses. By analysing existing energy systems, they recommend cost-effective alternatives. Energy analysts suggest efficiency improvements, make business analyses and participate in the development of policies concerning the use of traditional fuels, transportation, and other factors relating to energy consumption.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| F1113 | Responsable énergie | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| F1114 | Conseiller / Conseillère en rénovation énergétique | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| F1117 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure d'étude CVC | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2439 | Ingenieros no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 34103 | Berufe in der Gebäudetechnik (ohne Spezialisierung) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 34104 | Berufe in der Gebäudetechnik (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the sameprovisional |
| 26234 | Berufe in der Energie- und Kraftwerkstechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 34304 | Berufe in der Ver- und Entsorgung (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 42313 | Berufe in der Umweltschutzverwaltung und -beratung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 34214 | Berufe in der Sanitär-, Heizungs- und Klimatechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 091 | 建築技術者 | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources