Exercise Physiologists

Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations

O*NET-SOC code: 29-1128.00

Assess, plan, or implement fitness programs that include exercise or physical activities such as those designed to improve cardiorespiratory function, body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, or flexibility.

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
Source dataset (CSV download)
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.28
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

25 rated tasks · 12 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (48.0%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.

Source: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release: gh-main-0471612
License: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Explain exercise program or physiological testing procedures to participants. O*NET Task ID 19194	1.0
Conduct stress tests, using electrocardiograph (EKG) machines. O*NET Task ID 19191	0.5
Develop exercise programs to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning, in accordance with exercise science standards, regulatory requirements, and credentialing requirements. O*NET Task ID 19193	0.5
Interpret exercise program participant data to evaluate progress or identify needed program changes. O*NET Task ID 19195	0.5
Measure amount of body fat, using such equipment as hydrostatic scale, skinfold calipers, or tape measures. O*NET Task ID 19196	0.5
Prescribe individualized exercise programs, specifying equipment, such as treadmill, exercise bicycle, ergometers, or perceptual goggles. O*NET Task ID 19199	0.5
Recommend methods to increase lifestyle physical activity. O*NET Task ID 19201	0.5
Assess physical performance requirements to aid in the development of individualized recovery or rehabilitation exercise programs. O*NET Task ID 19203	0.5
Interview participants to obtain medical history or assess participant goals. O*NET Task ID 19207	0.5
Order or recommend diagnostic procedures, such as stress tests, drug screenings, or urinary tests. O*NET Task ID 19209	0.5
Plan or conduct exercise physiology research projects. O*NET Task ID 19210	0.5
Present exercise knowledge, program information, or research study findings at professional meetings or conferences. O*NET Task ID 19211	0.5
Show 2 more tasks ▾Show less ▴
Demonstrate correct use of exercise equipment or performance of exercise routines. O*NET Task ID 19192	0.0
Measure oxygen consumption or lung functioning, using spirometers. O*NET Task ID 19197	0.0
Perform routine laboratory tests of blood samples for cholesterol level or glucose tolerance. O*NET Task ID 19198	0.0
Provide clinical oversight of exercise for participants at all risk levels. O*NET Task ID 19200	0.0
Teach courses or seminars related to exercise or diet for patients, athletes, or community groups. O*NET Task ID 19202	0.0
Calibrate exercise or testing equipment. O*NET Task ID 19204	0.0
Educate athletes or coaches on techniques to improve athletic performance, such as heart rate monitoring, recovery techniques, hydration strategies, or training limits. O*NET Task ID 19205	0.0
Evaluate staff performance in leading group exercise or conducting diagnostic tests. O*NET Task ID 19206	0.0
Mentor or train staff to lead group exercise. O*NET Task ID 19208	0.0
Provide emergency or other appropriate medical care to participants with symptoms or signs of physical distress. O*NET Task ID 19212	0.0
Supervise maintenance of exercise or exercise testing equipment. O*NET Task ID 19213	0.0
Teach behavior modification classes related to topics such as stress management or weight control. O*NET Task ID 19214	0.0
Teach group exercise for low-, medium-, or high-risk clients to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning. O*NET Task ID 19215	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

All O*NET 31.0 task statements (25)

All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.

Task (O*NET 31.0)	Type
Conduct stress tests, using electrocardiograph (EKG) machines.	Core
Demonstrate correct use of exercise equipment or performance of exercise routines.	Core
Develop exercise programs to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning, in accordance with exercise science standards, regulatory requirements, and credentialing requirements.	Core
Explain exercise program or physiological testing procedures to participants.	Core
Interpret exercise program participant data to evaluate progress or identify needed program changes.	Core
Measure amount of body fat, using such equipment as hydrostatic scale, skinfold calipers, or tape measures.	Core
Measure oxygen consumption or lung functioning, using spirometers.	Core
Perform routine laboratory tests of blood samples for cholesterol level or glucose tolerance.	Core
Prescribe individualized exercise programs, specifying equipment, such as treadmill, exercise bicycle, ergometers, or perceptual goggles.	Core
Provide clinical oversight of exercise for participants at all risk levels.	Core
Recommend methods to increase lifestyle physical activity.	Core
Teach courses or seminars related to exercise or diet for patients, athletes, or community groups.	Core
Assess physical performance requirements to aid in the development of individualized recovery or rehabilitation exercise programs.	Core
Calibrate exercise or testing equipment.	Core
Educate athletes or coaches on techniques to improve athletic performance, such as heart rate monitoring, recovery techniques, hydration strategies, or training limits.	Core
Evaluate staff performance in leading group exercise or conducting diagnostic tests.	Core
Interview participants to obtain medical history or assess participant goals.	Core
Mentor or train staff to lead group exercise.	Core
Order or recommend diagnostic procedures, such as stress tests, drug screenings, or urinary tests.	Core
Plan or conduct exercise physiology research projects.	Core
Present exercise knowledge, program information, or research study findings at professional meetings or conferences.	Core
Provide emergency or other appropriate medical care to participants with symptoms or signs of physical distress.	Core
Supervise maintenance of exercise or exercise testing equipment.	Core
Teach behavior modification classes related to topics such as stress management or weight control.	Core
Teach group exercise for low-, medium-, or high-risk clients to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning.	Core

Anthropic, "What work can robots do?"2026-09

0.04/ 3· Robot exposure index

0 none3 unstructured settings

Scale, basis and source

Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time

Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks

Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.

Source dataset

The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.

Tier of each physical task

Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)

E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site

Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.

Task (O*NET 29.3)	Robot environment tier
Conduct stress tests, using electrocardiograph (EKG) machines.	E0 none
Demonstrate correct use of exercise equipment or performance of exercise routines.	E0 none
Measure amount of body fat, using such equipment as hydrostatic scale, skinfold calipers, or tape measures.	E0 none
Measure oxygen consumption or lung functioning, using spirometers.	E0 none
Perform routine laboratory tests of blood samples for cholesterol level or glucose tolerance.	E2 structured facilities
Provide clinical oversight of exercise for participants at all risk levels.	E0 none
Calibrate exercise or testing equipment.	E1 purpose-built robot settings
Provide emergency or other appropriate medical care to participants with symptoms or signs of physical distress.	E0 none
Supervise maintenance of exercise or exercise testing equipment.	E0 none
Teach group exercise for low-, medium-, or high-risk clients to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning.	E0 none

Employment outlook (BLS)

Employment, 2025: 21K
Projected employment, 2035: 24K
Change (2025–35): +12.8%
Median annual wage, 2025: $59,460
Typical education needed for entry: Bachelor's degree

lowest $30,890median wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559,030

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Korea classification links (KSCO)

Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.

KSCO code	KSCO title	Relation	Status
29640	스포츠 강사 및 트레이너	Related, not a match	reviewed

Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO occupational description

AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.

ISCO-08 2264Physiotherapists

The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.

Physiotherapists assess, plan and implement rehabilitative programmes that improve or restore human motor functions, maximize movement ability, relieve pain syndromes, and treat or prevent physical challenges associated with injuries, diseases and other impairments. They apply a broad range of physical therapies and techniques such as movement, ultrasound, heating, laser and other techniques.

Tasks

(a) administering muscle, nerve, joint functional ability and other tests to identify and assess physical problems of patients;
(b) establishing treatment goals with patients and designing treatment programmes to reduce physical pain, strengthen muscles, improve cardiothoracic, cardiovascular and respiratory functions, restore joint mobility and improve balance and coordination;
(c) developing, implementing and monitoring programmes and treatments using the therapeutic properties of exercise, heat, cold, massage, manipulation, hydrotherapy, electrotherapy, ultraviolet and infra-red light and ultrasound in the treatment of patients;
(d) instructing patients and their families in procedures to be continued outside clinical settings;
(e) recording information on patients' health status and responses to treatment in medical records-keeping systems, and sharing information with other health professionals as required to ensure continuing and comprehensive care;
(f) developing and implementing programmes for screening and prevention of common physical ailments and disorders;
(g) supervising the work of physiotherapy assistants and others.

Example occupations

Geriatric physical therapist · Manipulative therapist · Orthopaedic physical therapist · Paediatric physical therapist · Physical therapist · Physiotherapist

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO occupational vocabulary

Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.

personal trainerESCO 3423.2.2This occupation is broader
Personal trainers design, implement and evaluate exercise or physical activity programmes for one or more individual clients by collecting and analysing client information. They strive to ensure the effectiveness of personal exercise programmes. A personal trainer should also actively encourage potential clients to participate in and adhere to regular programmes, employing appropriate motivational strategies.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

France classification links (ROME)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.

ROME code	ROME title (French)	Relation
J1415	Enseignant / Enseignante en activité physique adaptée (EAPA)	Overlapping, not the same
G1215	Educateur sportif / Educatrice sportive Santé	Related, not a match
J1414	Coordinateur / Coordinatrice en activité physique adaptée	Related, not a matchprovisional

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Spain classification links (CNO-11)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

CNO-11 code	CNO-11 title (Spanish)	Relation
2152	Fisioterapeutas	Related, not a matchprovisional
3723	Instructores de actividades deportivas	Related, not a matchprovisional

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Germany classification links (KldB)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

KldB code	KldB title (German)	Relation
81783	Berufe in der nicht ärztlichen Therapie und Heilkunde (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	Overlapping, not the same
84504	Sportlehrer/innen (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	Related, not a match

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Japan classification links (JSCO)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

JSCO code	JSCO title (Japanese)	Relation
159	他に分類されない保健医療従事者	Related, not a match
244	個人教師	Related, not a match

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources