Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 29-1141.02
Assess, diagnose, and treat individuals and families with mental health or substance use disorders or the potential for such disorders. Apply therapeutic activities, including the prescription of medication, per state regulations, and the administration of psychotherapy.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.060
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.25
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only24 rated tasks · 20 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (83.3%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Direct or provide home health services.29-1141.02 | 0.094447.3 | 0.011142.2 |
Educate patients and family members about mental health and medical conditions, preventive health measures, medications, or treatment plans.29-1141.02 | 0.065132.6 | 0.009535.9 |
Interpret diagnostic or laboratory tests such as electrocardiograms (EKGs) and renal functioning tests.29-1141.02 | 0.01055.3 | 0.00238.6 |
Teach classes in mental health topics such as stress reduction.29-1141.02 | 0.00924.6 | 0.00197.0 |
Develop and implement treatment plans.29-1141.02 | 0.00703.5 | —0 |
Monitor patients' medication usage and results.29-1141.02 | 0.00371.9 | —0 |
Assess patients' mental and physical status based on the presenting symptoms and complaints.29-1141.02 | 0.00321.6 | —0 |
Treat patients for routine physical health problems.29-1141.02 | 0.00271.4 | —0 |
Develop practice protocols for mental health problems based on review and evaluation of published research.29-1141.02 | 0.00231.2 | —0 |
Evaluate patients' behavior to formulate diagnoses or assess treatments.29-1141.02 | 0.00160.8 | —0 |
Document patients' medical and psychological histories, physical assessment results, diagnoses, treatment plans, prescriptions, or outcomes. | —0 | 0.00166.3 |
| Not observed on any surface — 13 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Participate in activities aimed at professional growth and development including conferences or continuing education activities. | —0 | —0 |
Monitor the use and status of medical and pharmaceutical supplies. | —0 | —0 |
Develop, implement, or evaluate programs such as outreach activities, community mental health programs, and crisis situation response activities. | —0 | —0 |
Write prescriptions for psychotropic medications as allowed by state regulations and collaborative practice agreements. | —0 | —0 |
Refer patients requiring more specialized or complex treatment to psychiatrists, primary care physicians, or other medical specialists. | —0 | —0 |
Participate in treatment team conferences regarding diagnosis or treatment of difficult cases. | —0 | —0 |
Distinguish between physiologically and psychologically based disorders and diagnose appropriately. | —0 | —0 |
Consult with psychiatrists or other professionals when unusual or complex cases are encountered. | —0 | —0 |
Collaborate with interdisciplinary team members, including psychiatrists, psychologists, or nursing staff, to develop, implement, or evaluate treatment plans. | —0 | —0 |
Administer medications including those administered by injection. | —0 | —0 |
Diagnose psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions. | —0 | —0 |
Conduct individual, group, or family psychotherapy for those with chronic or acute mental disorders. | —0 | —0 |
Provide routine physical health screenings to detect or monitor problems such as heart disease and diabetes. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Participate in activities aimed at professional growth and development, including conferences or continuing education activities.O*NET Task ID 17313 | 1.0 |
Document patients' medical and psychological histories, physical assessment results, diagnoses, treatment plans, prescriptions, or outcomes.O*NET Task ID 17329 | 1.0 |
Teach classes in mental health topics, such as stress reduction.O*NET Task ID 17312 | 0.5 |
Monitor the use and status of medical and pharmaceutical supplies.O*NET Task ID 17315 | 0.5 |
Develop practice protocols for mental health problems, based on review and evaluation of published research.O*NET Task ID 17316 | 0.5 |
Develop, implement, or evaluate programs such as outreach activities, community mental health programs, and crisis situation response activities.O*NET Task ID 17317 | 0.5 |
Treat patients for routine physical health problems.O*NET Task ID 17318 | 0.5 |
Write prescriptions for psychotropic medications as allowed by state regulations and collaborative practice agreements.O*NET Task ID 17319 | 0.5 |
Refer patients requiring more specialized or complex treatment to psychiatrists, primary care physicians, or other medical specialists.O*NET Task ID 17320 | 0.5 |
Provide routine physical health screenings to detect or monitor problems such as heart disease and diabetes.O*NET Task ID 17321 | 0.5 |
Participate in treatment team conferences regarding diagnosis or treatment of difficult cases.O*NET Task ID 17322 | 0.5 |
Interpret diagnostic or laboratory tests, such as electrocardiograms (EKGs) and renal functioning tests.O*NET Task ID 17323 | 0.5 |
Evaluate patients' behavior to formulate diagnoses or assess treatments.O*NET Task ID 17324 | 0.5 |
Develop and implement treatment plans.O*NET Task ID 17325 | 0.5 |
Monitor patients' medication usage and results.O*NET Task ID 17326 | 0.5 |
Educate patients and family members about mental health and medical conditions, preventive health measures, medications, or treatment plans.O*NET Task ID 17327 | 0.5 |
Distinguish between physiologically- and psychologically-based disorders, and diagnose appropriately.O*NET Task ID 17328 | 0.5 |
Consult with psychiatrists or other professionals when unusual or complex cases are encountered.O*NET Task ID 17330 | 0.5 |
Assess patients' mental and physical status, based on the presenting symptoms and complaints.O*NET Task ID 17331 | 0.5 |
Diagnose psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions.O*NET Task ID 17334 | 0.5 |
Direct or provide home health services.O*NET Task ID 17314 | 0.0 |
Collaborate with interdisciplinary team members, including psychiatrists, psychologists, or nursing staff, to develop, implement, or evaluate treatment plans.O*NET Task ID 17332 | 0.0 |
Administer medications, including those administered by injection.O*NET Task ID 17333 | 0.0 |
Conduct individual, group, or family psychotherapy for those with chronic or acute mental disorders.O*NET Task ID 17335 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (24)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Participate in activities aimed at professional growth and development, including conferences or continuing education activities. | Core |
| Develop practice protocols for mental health problems, based on review and evaluation of published research. | Core |
| Develop, implement, or evaluate programs such as outreach activities, community mental health programs, and crisis situation response activities. | Core |
| Write prescriptions for psychotropic medications as allowed by state regulations and collaborative practice agreements. | Core |
| Refer patients requiring more specialized or complex treatment to psychiatrists, primary care physicians, or other medical specialists. | Core |
| Provide routine physical health screenings to detect or monitor problems such as heart disease and diabetes. | Core |
| Participate in treatment team conferences regarding diagnosis or treatment of difficult cases. | Core |
| Interpret diagnostic or laboratory tests, such as electrocardiograms (EKGs) and renal functioning tests. | Core |
| Evaluate patients' behavior to formulate diagnoses or assess treatments. | Core |
| Develop and implement treatment plans. | Core |
| Monitor patients' medication usage and results. | Core |
| Educate patients and family members about mental health and medical conditions, preventive health measures, medications, or treatment plans. | Core |
| Distinguish between physiologically- and psychologically-based disorders, and diagnose appropriately. | Core |
| Document patients' medical and psychological histories, physical assessment results, diagnoses, treatment plans, prescriptions, or outcomes. | Core |
| Consult with psychiatrists or other professionals when unusual or complex cases are encountered. | Core |
| Assess patients' mental and physical status, based on the presenting symptoms and complaints. | Core |
| Collaborate with interdisciplinary team members, including psychiatrists, psychologists, or nursing staff, to develop, implement, or evaluate treatment plans. | Core |
| Administer medications, including those administered by injection. | Core |
| Diagnose psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions. | Core |
| Conduct individual, group, or family psychotherapy for those with chronic or acute mental disorders. | Core |
| Teach classes in mental health topics, such as stress reduction. | Supplemental |
| Direct or provide home health services. | Supplemental |
| Monitor the use and status of medical and pharmaceutical supplies. | Supplemental |
| Treat patients for routine physical health problems. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Administer medications, including those administered by injection. | E0 none |
| Monitor the use and status of medical and pharmaceutical supplies. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Treat patients for routine physical health problems. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 29-1141 group (Registered nurses), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 3.5M
- Projected employment, 2035
- 3.7M
- Change (2025–35)
- +5.6%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $97,550
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24401 | 전문 간호사 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2221Nursing Professionals
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Nursing professionals provide treatment, support and care services for people who are in need of nursing care due to the effects of ageing, injury, illness or other physical or mental impairment, or potential risks to health. They assume responsibility for the planning and management of the care of patients, including the supervision of other health care workers, working autonomously or in teams with medical doctors and others in the practical application of preventive and curative measures.
Tasks
- (a) planning, providing and evaluating nursing care for patients according to the practice and standards of modern nursing;
- (b) coordinating the care of patients in consultation with other health professionals and members of health teams;
- (c) developing and implementing care plans for the biological, social and psychological treatment of patients in collaboration with other health professionals;
- (d) planning and providing personal care, treatments and therapies including administering medications, and monitoring responses to treatment or care plan;
- (e) cleaning wounds and applying surgical dressings and bandages
- (f) monitoring pain and discomfort experienced by patients and alleviating pain using a variety of therapies, including the use of painkilling drugs;
- (g) planning and participating in health education programmes, health promotion and nurse education activities in clinical and community settings;
- (h) answering questions from patients and families and providing information about prevention of ill-health, treatment and care;
- (i) supervising and coordinating the work of other nursing, health and personal care workers;
- (j) conducting research on nursing practices and procedures and disseminating findings such as through scientific papers and reports.
Example occupations
Clinical nurse consultant · District nurse · Nurse anaesthetist · Nurse educator · Nurse practitioner · Operating theatre nurse · Professional nurse · Public health nurse · Specialist nurse
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- advanced nurse practitionerESCO 2221.1This occupation is narrower
Advanced nurse practitioners are in charge of promoting and restoring patients` health, provide diagnosis and care in advanced settings, coordinating care within areas of chronic disease management, providing integrated care, and supervising assigned team members. Advanced nurse practitioners are general care nurses who have acquired an expert knowledge base, complex decision making skills and clinical competencies for expanded clinical practice on advanced level.
- nurse responsible for general careESCO 2221.2This occupation is narrower
Nurses responsible for general care are in charge of promoting and restoring patients` health by providing physical and psychological support to patients, friends, and families. They also supervise assigned team members.
- specialist nurseESCO 2221.3This occupation is narrower
Specialist nurses promote and restore people's health, and diagnose and care within a specific branch of the nursing field. Examples of such specialist nursing jobs include but are not restricted to; ambulatory care nurse, advanced practice nurse, cardiac nurse, dental nurse, community health nurse, forensic nurse, gastroenterology nurse, hospice and palliative care nurse, paediatric nurse, public health nurse, rehabilitation nurse, renal nurse and school nurse. Specialist nurses are general care nurses prepared beyond the level of a nurse generalist and authorised to practice as specialists with specific expertise in a branch of the nursing field.
- psychotherapistESCO 2634.2.4Overlapping, not the same
Psychotherapists assist and treat healthcare users with varying degrees of psychological, psychosocial, or psychosomatic behavioural disorders and pathogenic conditions by means of psychotherapeutic methods. They promote personal development and well-being and provide advice on improving relationships, capabilities, and problem-solving techniques. They use science-based psychotherapeutic methods such as behavioural therapy, existential analysis and logotherapy, psychoanalysis or systemic family therapy in order to guide the patients in their development and help them search for appropriate solutions to their problems. Psychotherapists are not required to have academic degrees in psychology or a medical qualification in psychiatry. It is an independent occupation from psychology, psychiatry, and counselling.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| J1508 | Infirmier / Infirmière en Pratique Avancée (IPA) | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| J1131 | Psychiatre | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| J1506 | Infirmier / Infirmière en soins généraux (IDE) | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2122 | Enfermeros especializados (excepto matronos) | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 81313 | Berufe in der Fachkrankenpflege - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 81634 | Berufe in der nicht ärztlichen Psychotherapie - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 133 | 看護師（准看護師を含む） | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources