Sports Medicine Physicians
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 29-1229.06
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent injuries that occur during sporting events, athletic training, and physical activities.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.030
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.27–0.29· 2 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 2211Generalist Medical Practitioners0.29
- ISCO-08 2212Specialist Medical Practitioners0.27
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only27 rated tasks · 19 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (70.4%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupation 29-1069.11 Sports Medicine Physicians, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Provide education and counseling on illness and injury prevention.29-1069.11 | 0.004866.7 |
Develop and prescribe exercise programs such as off-season conditioning regimens.29-1069.11 | 0.002433.3 |
| Not observed on any surface — 25 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Select and prepare medical equipment or medications to be taken to athletic competition sites. | —0 |
Provide coaches and therapists with assistance in selecting and fitting protective equipment. | —0 |
Advise against injured athletes returning to games or competition if resuming activity could lead to further injury. | —0 |
Observe and evaluate athletes' mental well-being. | —0 |
Participate in continuing education activities to improve and maintain knowledge and skills. | —0 |
Conduct research in the prevention or treatment of injuries or medical conditions related to sports and exercise. | —0 |
Advise athletes, trainers, or coaches to alter or cease sports practices that are potentially harmful. | —0 |
Attend games and competitions to provide evaluation and treatment of activity-related injuries or medical conditions. | —0 |
Record athletes' medical histories and perform physical examinations. | —0 |
Supervise the rehabilitation of injured athletes. | —0 |
Refer athletes for specialized consultation, physical therapy, or diagnostic testing. | —0 |
Record athletes' medical care information and maintain medical records. | —0 |
Inform coaches, trainers, or other interested parties regarding the medical conditions of athletes. | —0 |
Prescribe orthotics, prosthetics, and adaptive equipment. | —0 |
Prescribe medications for the treatment of athletic-related injuries. | —0 |
Order and interpret the results of laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging procedures. | —0 |
Inform athletes about nutrition, hydration, dietary supplements, or uses and possible consequences of medication. | —0 |
Evaluate and manage chronic pain conditions. | —0 |
Examine and evaluate athletes prior to participation in sports activities to determine level of physical fitness or predisposition to injuries. | —0 |
Develop and test procedures for dealing with emergencies during practices or competitions. | —0 |
Coordinate sports care activities with other experts including specialty physicians and surgeons, athletic trainers, physical therapists, or coaches. | —0 |
Advise coaches, trainers, or physical therapists on the proper use of exercises and other therapeutic techniques and alert them to potentially dangerous practices. | —0 |
Examine, evaluate and treat athletes who have been injured or who have medical problems such as exercise-induced asthma. | —0 |
Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system. | —0 |
Advise athletes on how substances, such as herbal remedies, could affect drug testing results. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Participate in continuing education activities to improve and maintain knowledge and skills.O*NET Task ID 17259 | 1.0 |
Record athletes' medical care information, and maintain medical records.O*NET Task ID 17268 | 1.0 |
Advise against injured athletes returning to games or competition if resuming activity could lead to further injury.O*NET Task ID 17257 | 0.5 |
Develop and prescribe exercise programs, such as off-season conditioning regimens.O*NET Task ID 17260 | 0.5 |
Advise athletes on ways that substances, such as herbal remedies, could affect drug testing results.O*NET Task ID 17261 | 0.5 |
Conduct research in the prevention or treatment of injuries or medical conditions related to sports and exercise.O*NET Task ID 17262 | 0.5 |
Advise athletes, trainers, or coaches to alter or cease sports practices that are potentially harmful.O*NET Task ID 17263 | 0.5 |
Record athletes' medical histories, and perform physical examinations.O*NET Task ID 17265 | 0.5 |
Refer athletes for specialized consultation, physical therapy, or diagnostic testing.O*NET Task ID 17267 | 0.5 |
Inform coaches, trainers, or other interested parties regarding the medical conditions of athletes.O*NET Task ID 17269 | 0.5 |
Provide education and counseling on illness and injury prevention.O*NET Task ID 17270 | 0.5 |
Prescribe medications for the treatment of athletic-related injuries.O*NET Task ID 17272 | 0.5 |
Order and interpret the results of laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging procedures.O*NET Task ID 17273 | 0.5 |
Inform athletes about nutrition, hydration, dietary supplements, or uses and possible consequences of medication.O*NET Task ID 17274 | 0.5 |
Evaluate and manage chronic pain conditions.O*NET Task ID 17275 | 0.5 |
Examine and evaluate athletes prior to participation in sports activities to determine level of physical fitness or predisposition to injuries.O*NET Task ID 17276 | 0.5 |
Advise coaches, trainers, or physical therapists on the proper use of exercises and other therapeutic techniques, and alert them to potentially dangerous practices.O*NET Task ID 17279 | 0.5 |
Examine, evaluate and treat athletes who have been injured or who have medical problems such as exercise-induced asthma.O*NET Task ID 17280 | 0.5 |
Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system.O*NET Task ID 17281 | 0.5 |
Select and prepare medical equipment or medications to be taken to athletic competition sites.O*NET Task ID 17255 | 0.0 |
Provide coaches and therapists with assistance in selecting and fitting protective equipment.O*NET Task ID 17256 | 0.0 |
Observe and evaluate athletes' mental well-being.O*NET Task ID 17258 | 0.0 |
Attend games and competitions to provide evaluation and treatment of activity-related injuries or medical conditions.O*NET Task ID 17264 | 0.0 |
Supervise the rehabilitation of injured athletes.O*NET Task ID 17266 | 0.0 |
Prescribe orthotics, prosthetics, and adaptive equipment.O*NET Task ID 17271 | 0.0 |
Develop and test procedures for dealing with emergencies during practices or competitions.O*NET Task ID 17277 | 0.0 |
Coordinate sports care activities with other experts, including specialty physicians and surgeons, athletic trainers, physical therapists, or coaches.O*NET Task ID 17278 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (27)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Select and prepare medical equipment or medications to be taken to athletic competition sites. | Core |
| Provide coaches and therapists with assistance in selecting and fitting protective equipment. | Core |
| Advise against injured athletes returning to games or competition if resuming activity could lead to further injury. | Core |
| Observe and evaluate athletes' mental well-being. | Core |
| Participate in continuing education activities to improve and maintain knowledge and skills. | Core |
| Develop and prescribe exercise programs, such as off-season conditioning regimens. | Core |
| Advise athletes on ways that substances, such as herbal remedies, could affect drug testing results. | Core |
| Conduct research in the prevention or treatment of injuries or medical conditions related to sports and exercise. | Core |
| Advise athletes, trainers, or coaches to alter or cease sports practices that are potentially harmful. | Core |
| Attend games and competitions to provide evaluation and treatment of activity-related injuries or medical conditions. | Core |
| Record athletes' medical histories, and perform physical examinations. | Core |
| Supervise the rehabilitation of injured athletes. | Core |
| Refer athletes for specialized consultation, physical therapy, or diagnostic testing. | Core |
| Record athletes' medical care information, and maintain medical records. | Core |
| Inform coaches, trainers, or other interested parties regarding the medical conditions of athletes. | Core |
| Provide education and counseling on illness and injury prevention. | Core |
| Prescribe orthotics, prosthetics, and adaptive equipment. | Core |
| Prescribe medications for the treatment of athletic-related injuries. | Core |
| Order and interpret the results of laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging procedures. | Core |
| Inform athletes about nutrition, hydration, dietary supplements, or uses and possible consequences of medication. | Core |
| Evaluate and manage chronic pain conditions. | Core |
| Examine and evaluate athletes prior to participation in sports activities to determine level of physical fitness or predisposition to injuries. | Core |
| Develop and test procedures for dealing with emergencies during practices or competitions. | Core |
| Coordinate sports care activities with other experts, including specialty physicians and surgeons, athletic trainers, physical therapists, or coaches. | Core |
| Advise coaches, trainers, or physical therapists on the proper use of exercises and other therapeutic techniques, and alert them to potentially dangerous practices. | Core |
| Examine, evaluate and treat athletes who have been injured or who have medical problems such as exercise-induced asthma. | Core |
| Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system. | Core |
0.01/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Select and prepare medical equipment or medications to be taken to athletic competition sites. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Attend games and competitions to provide evaluation and treatment of activity-related injuries or medical conditions. | E0 none |
| Record athletes' medical histories, and perform physical examinations. | E0 none |
| Supervise the rehabilitation of injured athletes. | E0 none |
| Evaluate and manage chronic pain conditions. | E0 none |
| Examine and evaluate athletes prior to participation in sports activities to determine level of physical fitness or predisposition to injuries. | E0 none |
| Examine, evaluate and treat athletes who have been injured or who have medical problems such as exercise-induced asthma. | E0 none |
| Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 29-1229 group (Physicians, all other), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 367K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 380K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $265,930
- Typical education needed for entry
- Doctoral or professional degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24119 | 그 외 전문 의사 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2211Generalist Medical Practitioners
- ISCO-08 2212Specialist Medical Practitioners
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- specialised doctorESCO 2212.1This occupation is narrower
Specialised doctors prevent, diagnose and treat diseases depending on their medical or surgical specialty.
- sport therapistESCO 3423.2.4Overlapping, not the same
Sport therapists program and supervise rehabilitation exercises for individuals and groups. They work with individuals that have chronic health conditions or are at high risk of developing them. They communicate with medical and healthcare professionals about participants' conditions using correct medical terminology, and with an understanding of the standard treatment options for an individual’s condition. Sport therapists take a holistic approach to the wellness of their clients that includes advising on lifestyle, food or time management. They do not have a medical background and do not require medical qualifications.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| J1126 | Médecin du sport | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2112 | Otros médicos especialistas | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 81484 | Ärzte/Ärztinnen (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 81434 | Fachärzte/-ärztinnen in der Chirurgie - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 121 | 医師 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources