Psychiatric Technicians
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 29-2053.00
Care for individuals with mental or emotional conditions or disabilities, following the instructions of physicians or other health practitioners. Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report to medical staff. May participate in rehabilitation and treatment programs, help with personal hygiene, and administer oral or injectable medications.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.30
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only16 rated tasks · 4 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (25.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Aid patients in performing tasks, such as bathing or keeping beds, clothing, or living areas clean.29-2053.00 | 0.0022100.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 15 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report unusual behavior or physical ailments to medical staff. | —0 |
Provide nursing, psychiatric, or personal care to mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, or mentally retarded patients. | —0 |
Observe and influence patients' behavior, communicating and interacting with them and teaching, counseling, or befriending them. | —0 |
Take and record measures of patients' physical condition, using devices such as thermometers or blood pressure gauges. | —0 |
Encourage patients to develop work skills and to participate in social, recreational, or other therapeutic activities that enhance interpersonal skills or develop social relationships. | —0 |
Collaborate with or assist doctors, psychologists, or rehabilitation therapists in working with mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, or developmentally disabled patients to treat, rehabilitate, and return patients to the community. | —0 |
Develop or teach strategies to promote client wellness and independence. | —0 |
Restrain violent, potentially violent, or suicidal patients by verbal or physical means as required. | —0 |
Train or instruct new employees on procedures to follow with psychiatric patients. | —0 |
Administer oral medications or hypodermic injections, following physician's prescriptions and hospital procedures. | —0 |
Issue medications from dispensary and maintain records in accordance with specified procedures. | —0 |
Interview new patients to complete admission forms, to assess their mental health status, or to obtain their mental health and treatment history. | —0 |
Lead prescribed individual or group therapy sessions as part of specific therapeutic procedures. | —0 |
Contact patients' relatives to arrange family conferences. | —0 |
Escort patients to medical appointments. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report unusual behavior or physical ailments to medical staff.O*NET Task ID 6944 | 0.5 |
Develop or teach strategies to promote client wellness and independence.O*NET Task ID 6950 | 0.5 |
Issue medications from dispensary and maintain records in accordance with specified procedures.O*NET Task ID 6954 | 0.5 |
Interview new patients to complete admission forms, to assess their mental health status, or to obtain their mental health and treatment history.O*NET Task ID 6955 | 0.5 |
Provide nursing, psychiatric, or personal care to mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, or mentally retarded patients.O*NET Task ID 6945 | 0.0 |
Observe and influence patients' behavior, communicating and interacting with them and teaching, counseling, or befriending them.O*NET Task ID 6946 | 0.0 |
Take and record measures of patients' physical condition, using devices such as thermometers or blood pressure gauges.O*NET Task ID 6947 | 0.0 |
Encourage patients to develop work skills and to participate in social, recreational, or other therapeutic activities that enhance interpersonal skills or develop social relationships.O*NET Task ID 6948 | 0.0 |
Collaborate with or assist doctors, psychologists, or rehabilitation therapists in working with mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, or developmentally disabled patients to treat, rehabilitate, and return patients to the community.O*NET Task ID 6949 | 0.0 |
Restrain violent, potentially violent, or suicidal patients by verbal or physical means as required.O*NET Task ID 6951 | 0.0 |
Aid patients in performing tasks, such as bathing or keeping beds, clothing, or living areas clean.O*NET Task ID 6952 | 0.0 |
Administer oral medications or hypodermic injections, following physician's prescriptions and hospital procedures.O*NET Task ID 6953 | 0.0 |
Lead prescribed individual or group therapy sessions as part of specific therapeutic procedures.O*NET Task ID 6956 | 0.0 |
Contact patients' relatives to arrange family conferences.O*NET Task ID 6957 | 0.0 |
Train or instruct new employees on procedures to follow with psychiatric patients.O*NET Task ID 20575 | 0.0 |
Escort patients to medical appointments.O*NET Task ID 20576 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (16)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report unusual behavior or physical ailments to medical staff. | Core |
| Provide nursing, psychiatric, or personal care to patients with cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities. | Core |
| Observe and influence patients' behavior, communicating and interacting with them and teaching, counseling, or befriending them. | Core |
| Take and record measures of patients' physical condition, using devices such as thermometers or blood pressure gauges. | Core |
| Encourage patients to develop work skills and to participate in social, recreational, or other therapeutic activities that enhance interpersonal skills or develop social relationships. | Core |
| Collaborate with or assist doctors, psychologists, or rehabilitation therapists in working with patients with cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities to treat, rehabilitate, and return patients to the community. | Core |
| Develop or teach strategies to promote client wellness and independence. | Core |
| Restrain violent, potentially violent, or suicidal patients by verbal or physical means as required. | Core |
| Aid patients in performing tasks, such as bathing or keeping beds, clothing, or living areas clean. | Core |
| Lead prescribed individual or group therapy sessions as part of specific therapeutic procedures. | Core |
| Train or instruct new employees on procedures to follow with psychiatric patients. | Core |
| Escort patients to medical appointments. | Core |
| Administer oral medications or hypodermic injections, following physician's prescriptions and hospital procedures. | Supplemental |
| Issue medications from dispensary and maintain records in accordance with specified procedures. | Supplemental |
| Interview new patients to complete admission forms, to assess their mental health status, or to obtain their mental health and treatment history. | Supplemental |
| Contact patients' relatives to arrange family conferences. | Supplemental |
0.15/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report unusual behavior or physical ailments to medical staff. | E0 none |
| Provide nursing, psychiatric, or personal care to patients with cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities. | E0 none |
| Take and record measures of patients' physical condition, using devices such as thermometers or blood pressure gauges. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Collaborate with or assist doctors, psychologists, or rehabilitation therapists in working with patients with cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities to treat, rehabilitate, and return patients to the community. | E0 none |
| Restrain violent, potentially violent, or suicidal patients by verbal or physical means as required. | E0 none |
| Aid patients in performing tasks, such as bathing or keeping beds, clothing, or living areas clean. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Escort patients to medical appointments. | E0 none |
| Administer oral medications or hypodermic injections, following physician's prescriptions and hospital procedures. | E0 none |
| Issue medications from dispensary and maintain records in accordance with specified procedures. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 162K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 198K
- Change (2025–35)
- +22.3%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $45,130
- Typical education needed for entry
- Postsecondary nondegree award
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24950 | 간호조무사 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 3259Health Associate Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
This unit group covers health associate professionals not classified elsewhere in Sub-major Group 32: Health Associate Professionals. For instance, the group includes occupations such as HIV counsellor, family planning counsellor and other health associate professionals.
Tasks
- In such cases tasks would include:
- (a) interviewing and examining patients to obtain information on their health status and the nature and extent of injury, illness or other physical or mental health condition;
- (b) providing information and counselling to patients and families about certain health conditions, prevention and treatment options, treatment adherence, and personal behaviours that can affect health outcomes;
- (c) administering therapeutic care and treatment to patients;
- (d ) performing certain basic clinical procedures, such as administration of HIV antibody tests or insertion of intrauterine devices;
- (e) dispensing and advising on dietary supplements, antiretroviral and prophylaxis medications, and other healthcare products
- (f) monitoring patients' progress through treatment plans, and identifying signs and symptoms requiring referral to a medical doctor or other health professional;
- (g) recording information on patients' health status and responses to treatment in medical records-keeping systems;
- (h) sharing information with other health care providers when required to ensure continuing and comprehensive care.
Example occupations
Anaesthesia technician · Family planning counsellor · HIV counsellor · Respiratory therapy technician
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- mental health support workerESCO 3412.4.8Same scope
Mental health support workers assist and provide treatment to people with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems. They focus on personalised cases and monitor the recovery process of their clients, providing also therapy, crisis intervention, client advocacy and education.
- assistant clinical psychologistESCO 3259.2Overlapping, not the same
Assistant clinical psychologists aid psychologists in their work. They work in healthcare facilities or private practices where they assist psychologists with their treatment of patients. Assistant clinical psychologists are healthcare professionals that can assess patients with psychological tests and aid with therapy, as well as performing administrative functions.
- mental health social workerESCO 2635.3.17Overlapping, not the same
Mental health social workers assist and provide counselling to people with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems. They focus on providing personalised support to cases and monitor the recovery process of their clients by providing therapy, crisis intervention, client advocacy and education. Mental health social workers may contribute to mental health services improvement and mental health outcomes for citizens.
- occupational therapy assistantESCO 2269.5Overlapping, not the same
Occupational therapy assistants support occupational therapists by working with people and communities to enhance their ability to engage in the occupations they want to, need to, or are expected to do, or by modifying the occupation or the environment to better support their occupational engagement. They work under the supervision of an occupational therapist.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| J1501 | Aide-soignant / Aide-soignante | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| J1506 | Infirmier / Infirmière en soins généraux (IDE) | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| K1306 | Accompagnant Educatif et Social (AES) / Accompagnante Educative et Sociale (AES) | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5611 | Auxiliares de enfermería hospitalaria | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 81301 | Berufe in der Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 81302 | Berufe in der Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege (ohne Spezialisierung) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 83132 | Berufe in Heilerziehungspflege und Sonderpädagogik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 361 | 介護職員（医療・福祉施設等） | Related, not a match |
| 371 | 看護助手 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources