Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-5012.00
Provide beauty services, such as cutting, coloring, and styling hair, and massaging and treating scalp. May shampoo hair, apply makeup, dress wigs, remove hair, and provide nail and skincare services.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.030
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.17–0.18· 2 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 5141Hairdressers0.17
- ISCO-08 5142Beauticians and Related Workers0.18
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only23 rated tasks · 2 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (8.7%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 3 rated tasks are not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; their scores are kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Recommend and explain the use of cosmetics, lotions, and creams to soften and lubricate skin and enhance and restore natural appearance.39-5012.00 | 0.003040.8 |
Analyze patrons' hair and other physical features to determine and recommend beauty treatment or suggest hair styles.39-5012.00 | 0.002229.6 |
Develop new styles and techniques.39-5012.00 | 0.002229.6 |
| Not observed on any surface — 19 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Keep work stations clean and sanitize tools such as scissors and combs. | —0 |
Cut, trim and shape hair or hairpieces, based on customers' instructions, hair type and facial features, using clippers, scissors, trimmers and razors. | —0 |
Schedule client appointments. | —0 |
Bleach, dye, or tint hair, using applicator or brush. | —0 |
Update and maintain customer information records, such as beauty services provided. | —0 |
Shampoo, rinse, condition and dry hair and scalp or hairpieces with water, liquid soap, or other solutions. | —0 |
Operate cash registers to receive payments from patrons. | —0 |
Demonstrate and sell hair care products and cosmetics. | —0 |
Apply water, setting, straightening or waving solutions to hair and use curlers, rollers, hot combs and curling irons to press and curl hair. | —0 |
Comb, brush, and spray hair or wigs to set style. | —0 |
Shape eyebrows and remove facial hair, using depilatory cream, tweezers, electrolysis or wax. | —0 |
Administer therapeutic medication and advise patron to seek medical treatment for chronic or contagious scalp conditions. | —0 |
Massage and treat scalp for hygienic and remedial purposes, using hands, fingers, or vibrating equipment. | —0 |
Shave, trim and shape beards and moustaches. | —0 |
Train or supervise other hairstylists, hairdressers and assistants. | —0 |
Give facials to patrons, using special compounds such as lotions and creams. | —0 |
Clean, shape, and polish fingernails and toenails, using files and nail polish. | —0 |
Apply artificial fingernails. | —0 |
Attach wigs or hairpieces to model heads and dress wigs and hairpieces according to instructions, samples, sketches or photographs. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Update and maintain customer information records, such as beauty services provided.O*NET Task ID 640 | 1.0 |
Schedule client appointments.O*NET Task ID 638 | 0.5 |
Keep work stations clean and sanitize tools, such as scissors and combs.O*NET Task ID 635 | 0.0 |
Cut, trim and shape hair or hairpieces, based on customers' instructions, hair type, and facial features, using clippers, scissors, trimmers and razors.O*NET Task ID 636 | 0.0 |
Analyze patrons' hair and other physical features to determine and recommend beauty treatment or suggest hair styles.O*NET Task ID 637 | 0.0 |
Bleach, dye, or tint hair, using applicator or brush.O*NET Task ID 639 | 0.0 |
Shampoo, rinse, condition, and dry hair and scalp or hairpieces with water, liquid soap, or other solutions.O*NET Task ID 641 | 0.0 |
Operate cash registers to receive payments from patrons.O*NET Task ID 642 | 0.0 |
Demonstrate and sell hair care products and cosmetics.O*NET Task ID 643 | 0.0 |
Develop new styles and techniques.O*NET Task ID 644 | 0.0 |
Apply water or setting, straightening or waving solutions to hair, and use curlers, rollers, hot combs and curling irons to press and curl hair.O*NET Task ID 645 | 0.0 |
Comb, brush, and spray hair or wigs to set style.O*NET Task ID 646 | 0.0 |
Shape eyebrows and remove facial hair, using depilatory cream, tweezers, electrolysis or wax.O*NET Task ID 647 | 0.0 |
Administer therapeutic medication and advise patron to seek medical treatment for chronic or contagious scalp conditions.O*NET Task ID 648 | 0.0 |
Massage and treat scalp for hygienic and remedial purposes, using hands, fingers, or vibrating equipment.O*NET Task ID 649 | 0.0 |
Shave, trim, and shape beards and moustaches.O*NET Task ID 650 | 0.0 |
Train or supervise other hairstylists, hairdressers, and assistants.O*NET Task ID 651 | 0.0 |
Recommend and explain the use of cosmetics, lotions, and creams to soften and lubricate skin and enhance and restore natural appearance.O*NET Task ID 652 | 0.0 |
Give facials to patrons, using special compounds, such as lotions and creams.O*NET Task ID 653 | 0.0 |
Clean, shape, and polish fingernails and toenails, using files and nail polish.O*NET Task ID 654 | 0.0 |
Apply artificial fingernails.O*NET Task ID 655 | 0.0 |
Attach wigs or hairpieces to model heads and dress wigs and hairpieces according to instructions, samples, sketches or photographs.O*NET Task ID 656 | 0.0 |
Order, display, and maintain supplies.O*NET Task ID 20899 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Keep work stations clean and sanitize tools, such as scissors and combs. | Core |
| Cut, trim and shape hair or hairpieces, based on customers' instructions, hair type, and facial features, using clippers, scissors, trimmers and razors. | Core |
| Analyze patrons' hair and other physical features to determine and recommend beauty treatment or suggest hair styles. | Core |
| Schedule client appointments. | Core |
| Bleach, dye, or tint hair, using applicator or brush. | Core |
| Update and maintain customer information records, such as beauty services provided. | Core |
| Shampoo, rinse, condition, and dry hair and scalp or hairpieces with water, liquid soap, or other solutions. | Core |
| Demonstrate and sell hair care products and cosmetics. | Core |
| Develop new styles and techniques. | Core |
| Apply water or setting, straightening or waving solutions to hair, and use curlers, rollers, hot combs and curling irons to press and curl hair. | Core |
| Comb, brush, and spray hair or wigs to set style. | Core |
| Massage and treat scalp for hygienic and remedial purposes, using hands, fingers, or vibrating equipment. | Core |
| Shave, trim, and shape beards and moustaches. | Core |
| Order, display, and maintain supplies. | Core |
| Operate cash registers to receive payments from patrons. | Supplemental |
| Shape eyebrows and remove facial hair, using depilatory cream, tweezers, electrolysis or wax. | Supplemental |
| Administer therapeutic medication and advise patron to seek medical treatment for chronic or contagious scalp conditions. | Supplemental |
| Train or supervise other hairstylists, hairdressers, and assistants. | Supplemental |
| Recommend and explain the use of cosmetics, lotions, and creams to soften and lubricate skin and enhance and restore natural appearance. | Supplemental |
| Attach wigs or hairpieces to model heads and dress wigs and hairpieces according to instructions, samples, sketches or photographs. | Supplemental |
0.36/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Keep work stations clean and sanitize tools, such as scissors and combs. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Cut, trim and shape hair or hairpieces, based on customers' instructions, hair type, and facial features, using clippers, scissors, trimmers and razors. | E0 none |
| Bleach, dye, or tint hair, using applicator or brush. | E0 none |
| Shampoo, rinse, condition, and dry hair and scalp or hairpieces with water, liquid soap, or other solutions. | E2 structured facilities |
| Operate cash registers to receive payments from patrons. | E2 structured facilities |
| Develop new styles and techniques. | E0 none |
| Apply water or setting, straightening or waving solutions to hair, and use curlers, rollers, hot combs and curling irons to press and curl hair. | E0 none |
| Comb, brush, and spray hair or wigs to set style. | E0 none |
| Shape eyebrows and remove facial hair, using depilatory cream, tweezers, electrolysis or wax. | E0 none |
| Shave, trim, and shape beards and moustaches. | E0 none |
| Order, display, and maintain supplies. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Administer therapeutic medication and advise patron to seek medical treatment for chronic or contagious scalp conditions. | E0 none |
| Massage and treat scalp for hygienic and remedial purposes, using hands, fingers, or vibrating equipment. | E2 structured facilities |
| Give facials to patrons, using special compounds, such as lotions and creams. | E0 none |
| Clean, shape, and polish fingernails and toenails, using files and nail polish. | E0 none |
| Attach wigs or hairpieces to model heads and dress wigs and hairpieces according to instructions, samples, sketches or photographs. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 595K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 641K
- Change (2025–35)
- +7.7%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $35,790
- Typical education needed for entry
- Postsecondary nondegree award
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 43120 | 미용사 | Same scope | confirmed |
| 43151 | 메이크업 아티스트 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5141Hairdressers
- ISCO-08 5142Beauticians and Related Workers
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- aestheticianESCO 5142.1This occupation is broader
Aestheticians offer skin care treatments. They apply various facial treatments according to their clients' needs and skin type, such as lotions, scrubs, peels and masks, in order to maintain the skin healthy and attractive. Aestheticians may also give neck massages and body treatments such as wraps. Aestheticians remove unwanted hair on different body parts like eyebrows, upper lip or the bikini area. They perform facial massage and apply make-up for various occasions.
- hair removal technicianESCO 5142.3This occupation is broader
Hair removal technicians provide cosmetic services to their clients by removing unwanted hair on various body parts. They can use different techniques for temporary hair removal, such as epilation and depilation techniques, or permanent hair removal methods, such as electrolysis or intense pulsed light.
- hairdresserESCO 5141.1This occupation is broader
Hairdressers offer beauty services such as cutting, colouring, bleaching, permanent waving and styling clients' hair. They ask their clients about their hairstyle preferences in order to provide customised services. Hairdressers use clippers, scissors and razors. They provide hair and scalp treatments and shampoo, condition and rinse hair.
- manicuristESCO 5142.6This occupation is broader
Manicurists provide fingernail care. They clean, cut and shape the nails, remove cuticles and apply polish. Manicurists apply artificial fingernails and other decorative items on nails. They advice on nail and hand care and sell specialised products.
- pedicuristESCO 5142.8This occupation is broader
Pedicurists offer cosmetic treatment and care for their clients' feet and toenails. They cut and shape toenails, give footbaths and exfoliation treatments and apply nail polish.
- performance hairdresserESCO 5141.1.4This occupation is broader
Performance hairdressers assist and support artists before, during and after the performance to ensure the hairdressing is in line with the artistic vision of the stage director and the artistic team. They maintain, check and repair wigs and assist with quick changes.
- wig and hairpiece makerESCO 7531.6Overlapping, not the same
Wig and hairpiece makers create adapt and maintain hair prostheses for use in live performance. They work from sketches, pictures and artistic visions combined with knowledge of the human body to ensure the wearer maximum range of movement. They work in close cooperation with the designers.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| D1202 | Coiffeur / Coiffeuse | Same scopeprovisional |
| D1217 | Socio-coiffeur / Socio-coiffeuse | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| L1516 | Coiffeur / Coiffeuse spectacle | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| L1517 | Chef coiffeur / Cheffe coiffeuse spectacle | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| D1241 | Conseiller / Conseillère en image personnelle | Related, not a match |
| D1208 | Esthéticien / Esthéticienne | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| D1215 | Posticheur / Posticheuse | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5811 | Peluqueros | Same scope |
| 5812 | Especialistas en tratamientos de estética, bienestar y afines | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 82312 | Berufe im Friseurgewerbe - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Same scope |
| 82322 | Berufe in der Kosmetik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 382 | 美容師 | Same scopeprovisional |
| 383 | 美容サービス従事者（美容師を除く） | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources