Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-9031.00
Instruct or coach groups or individuals in exercise activities for the primary purpose of personal fitness. Demonstrate techniques and form, observe participants, and explain to them corrective measures necessary to improve their skills. Develop and implement individualized approaches to exercise.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.25
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only22 rated tasks · 1 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (4.5%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 2 rated tasks are not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; their scores are kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupation 39-9031.00 Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Teach proper breathing techniques used during physical exertion.39-9031.00 | 0.004129.4 |
Advise participants in use of heat or ultraviolet treatments and hot baths.39-9031.00 | 0.003726.5 |
Advise clients about proper clothing and shoes.39-9031.00 | 0.002517.6 |
Instruct participants in maintaining exertion levels to maximize benefits from exercise routines.39-9031.00 | 0.002215.4 |
Plan physical education programs to promote development of participants' physical attributes and social skills.39-9031.00 | 0.001511.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 17 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Explain and enforce safety rules and regulations governing sports, recreational activities, and the use of exercise equipment. | —0 |
Offer alternatives during classes to accommodate different levels of fitness. | —0 |
Plan routines, choose appropriate music, and choose different movements for each set of muscles, depending on participants' capabilities and limitations. | —0 |
Observe participants and inform them of corrective measures necessary for skill improvement. | —0 |
Teach and demonstrate use of gymnastic and training equipment such as trampolines and weights. | —0 |
Maintain fitness equipment. | —0 |
Conduct therapeutic, recreational, or athletic activities. | —0 |
Monitor participants' progress and adapt programs as needed. | —0 |
Evaluate individuals' abilities, needs, and physical conditions, and develop suitable training programs to meet any special requirements. | —0 |
Provide students with information and resources regarding nutrition, weight control, and lifestyle issues. | —0 |
Administer emergency first aid, wrap injuries, treat minor chronic disabilities, or refer injured persons to physicians. | —0 |
Teach individual and team sports to participants through instruction and demonstration, utilizing knowledge of sports techniques and of participants' physical capabilities. | —0 |
Promote health clubs through membership sales, and record member information. | —0 |
Organize, lead, and referee indoor and outdoor games such as volleyball, baseball, and basketball. | —0 |
Maintain equipment inventories, and select, store, or issue equipment as needed. | —0 |
Organize and conduct competitions and tournaments. | —0 |
Massage body parts to relieve soreness, strains, and bruises. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Promote health clubs through membership sales, and record member information.O*NET Task ID 4573 | 0.5 |
Explain and enforce safety rules and regulations governing sports, recreational activities, and the use of exercise equipment.O*NET Task ID 4556 | 0.0 |
Offer alternatives during classes to accommodate different levels of fitness.O*NET Task ID 4557 | 0.0 |
Plan routines, choose appropriate music, and choose different movements for each set of muscles, depending on participants' capabilities and limitations.O*NET Task ID 4558 | 0.0 |
Observe participants and inform them of corrective measures necessary for skill improvement.O*NET Task ID 4559 | 0.0 |
Teach proper breathing techniques used during physical exertion.O*NET Task ID 4560 | 0.0 |
Instruct participants in maintaining exertion levels to maximize benefits from exercise routines.O*NET Task ID 4561 | 0.0 |
Teach and demonstrate use of gymnastic and training equipment, such as trampolines and weights.O*NET Task ID 4562 | 0.0 |
Maintain fitness equipment.O*NET Task ID 4563 | 0.0 |
Conduct therapeutic, recreational, or athletic activities.O*NET Task ID 4564 | 0.0 |
Monitor participants' progress and adapt programs as needed.O*NET Task ID 4565 | 0.0 |
Evaluate individuals' abilities, needs, and physical conditions, and develop suitable training programs to meet any special requirements.O*NET Task ID 4566 | 0.0 |
Plan physical education programs to promote development of participants' physical attributes and social skills.O*NET Task ID 4567 | 0.0 |
Provide students with information and resources regarding nutrition, weight control, and lifestyle issues.O*NET Task ID 4568 | 0.0 |
Administer emergency first aid, wrap injuries, treat minor chronic disabilities, or refer injured persons to physicians.O*NET Task ID 4569 | 0.0 |
Advise clients about proper clothing and shoes.O*NET Task ID 4570 | 0.0 |
Teach individual and team sports to participants through instruction and demonstration, using knowledge of sports techniques and of participants' physical capabilities.O*NET Task ID 4572 | 0.0 |
Organize, lead, and referee indoor and outdoor games, such as volleyball, baseball, and basketball.O*NET Task ID 4574 | 0.0 |
Maintain equipment inventories, and select, store, or issue equipment as needed.O*NET Task ID 4575 | 0.0 |
Organize and conduct competitions and tournaments.O*NET Task ID 4576 | 0.0 |
Advise participants in use of heat or ultraviolet treatments and hot baths.O*NET Task ID 4577 | 0.0 |
Massage body parts to relieve soreness, strains, and bruises.O*NET Task ID 4578 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Explain and enforce safety rules and regulations governing sports, recreational activities, and the use of exercise equipment. | Core |
| Offer alternatives during classes to accommodate different levels of fitness. | Core |
| Plan routines, choose appropriate music, and choose different movements for each set of muscles, depending on participants' capabilities and limitations. | Core |
| Observe participants and inform them of corrective measures necessary for skill improvement. | Core |
| Teach proper breathing techniques used during physical exertion. | Core |
| Instruct participants in maintaining exertion levels to maximize benefits from exercise routines. | Core |
| Teach and demonstrate use of gymnastic and training equipment, such as trampolines and weights. | Core |
| Maintain fitness equipment. | Core |
| Monitor participants' progress and adapt programs as needed. | Core |
| Evaluate individuals' abilities, needs, and physical conditions, and develop suitable training programs to meet any special requirements. | Core |
| Provide students with information and resources regarding nutrition, weight control, and lifestyle issues. | Core |
| Administer emergency first aid, wrap injuries, treat minor chronic disabilities, or refer injured persons to physicians. | Core |
| Advise clients about proper clothing and shoes. | Core |
| Maintain equipment inventories, and select, store, or issue equipment as needed. | Core |
| Conduct therapeutic, recreational, or athletic activities. | Supplemental |
| Plan physical education programs to promote development of participants' physical attributes and social skills. | Supplemental |
| Teach individual and team sports to participants through instruction and demonstration, using knowledge of sports techniques and of participants' physical capabilities. | Supplemental |
| Promote health clubs through membership sales, and record member information. | Supplemental |
| Organize and conduct competitions and tournaments. | Supplemental |
| Advise participants in use of heat or ultraviolet treatments and hot baths. | Supplemental |
0.05/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Offer alternatives during classes to accommodate different levels of fitness. | E0 none |
| Teach and demonstrate use of gymnastic and training equipment, such as trampolines and weights. | E0 none |
| Administer emergency first aid, wrap injuries, treat minor chronic disabilities, or refer injured persons to physicians. | E0 none |
| Maintain equipment inventories, and select, store, or issue equipment as needed. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Maintain fitness equipment. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Conduct therapeutic, recreational, or athletic activities. | E0 none |
| Teach individual and team sports to participants through instruction and demonstration, using knowledge of sports techniques and of participants' physical capabilities. | E0 none |
| Massage body parts to relieve soreness, strains, and bruises. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 388K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 417K
- Change (2025–35)
- +7.3%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $47,160
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29640 | 스포츠 강사 및 트레이너 | Same scope | confirmed |
| 43142 | 체형 관리사 | Related, not a match | reviewed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 3423Fitness and Recreation Instructors and Programme Leaders
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Fitness and recreation instructors and programme leaders lead, guide and instruct groups and individuals in recreational, fitness or outdoor adventure activities.
Tasks
- (a) planning and carrying out recreational and fitness activities;
- (b) monitoring recreational, sports or fitness activities to ensure safety and provide emergency or first aid assistance when required;
- (c) evaluating and monitoring clients’ abilities and fitness and recommending activities;
- (d) demonstrating and teaching body movements, concepts and skills used in fitness routines and recreational activities;
- (e) instructing in the use of equipment;
- (f) explaining and enforcing safety procedures, rules and regulations.
Example occupations
Aerobics instructor · Fitness instructor · Horse riding instructor · Outdoor adventure guide · Personal trainer · Sailing instructor · Underwater diving instructor
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- sports instructorESCO 3422.5Same scope
Sports instructors introduce people to a sport and teach them the skills required for the performance of sport. They have a strong grip on one or more sports, which are often adventure sports, and know how to motivate others and share with them the enjoyment of the activity.
- boxing instructorESCO 3422.5.1This occupation is broader
Boxing instructors train individuals or groups in boxing. They instruct clients during training and teach students the techniques of boxing such as stance, defense and different kind of punches.
- fitness instructorESCO 3423.2This occupation is broader
Fitness instructors build fitness participation of new and existing members through fitness experiences that meet their needs. They deliver fitness instruction to individuals, with the use of equipment, or to a group, through fitness classes. Both individual and group instructors have the purpose of promoting and delivering safe and effective exercise. Depending on the specific situation, some additional knowledge, skills and competences may be required.
- personal trainerESCO 3423.2.2This occupation is broader
Personal trainers design, implement and evaluate exercise or physical activity programmes for one or more individual clients by collecting and analysing client information. They strive to ensure the effectiveness of personal exercise programmes. A personal trainer should also actively encourage potential clients to participate in and adhere to regular programmes, employing appropriate motivational strategies.
- Pilates teacherESCO 3423.2.3This occupation is broader
Pilates teachers plan, teach, and adapt exercises based on the work and principles of Joseph Pilates. They collect and analyse information for each client to ensure that programmes are safe, appropriate and effective. They apply the principles of Pilates through the planning and teaching of supportive, non-competitive lesson. They motivate and encourage clients to ensure their adherence to regular sessions.
- shiatsu practitionerESCO 3255.5This occupation is broader
Shiatsu practitioners provide health maintenance, health education, whole health evaluation and recommendations for wellbeing, and treatment of certain illness through energetic evaluation of the body's life energy system (Ki) and regulation of the life energy system through various energetic and manual techniques.
- leisure attendantESCO 3423.2.1Overlapping, not the same
Leisure attendants promote health and fitness participation for new and existing members. They provide a clean, safe and friendly environment that promotes regular member attendance and satisfaction. They are source of information and encouragement for all members and actively assist fitness instructors and other workers wherever possible.
- sophrologistESCO 3255.6Overlapping, not the same
Sophrologists aim to reduce their clients` stress and produce optimal health and well-being by applying a dynamic relaxation method which consists of a specific set of physical and mental exercises on a doctor's order.
- sport therapistESCO 3423.2.4Overlapping, not the same
Sport therapists program and supervise rehabilitation exercises for individuals and groups. They work with individuals that have chronic health conditions or are at high risk of developing them. They communicate with medical and healthcare professionals about participants' conditions using correct medical terminology, and with an understanding of the standard treatment options for an individual’s condition. Sport therapists take a holistic approach to the wellness of their clients that includes advising on lifestyle, food or time management. They do not have a medical background and do not require medical qualifications.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| G1217 | Moniteur / Monitrice en salle de sport | Same scopeprovisional |
| G1209 | Animateur / Animatrice de loisirs sportifs | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| G1218 | Préparateur / Préparatrice physique | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 3723 | Instructores de actividades deportivas | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 84553 | Trainer/innen - Fitness und Gymnastik - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Same scope |
| 63122 | Sport- und Fitnesskaufleute, Sportmanager/innen - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 82212 | Berufe in der Gesundheitsberatung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 244 | 個人教師 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 245 | 職業スポーツ従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources