First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers
Construction and Extraction Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 47-1011.00
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of construction or extraction workers.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.030
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.28–0.29· 2 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 3121Mining Supervisors0.29
- ISCO-08 3123Construction Supervisors0.28
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only15 rated tasks · 11 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (73.3%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Record information, such as personnel, production, or operational data on specified forms or reports.O*NET Task ID 11431 | 1.0 |
Read specifications, such as blueprints, to determine construction requirements or to plan procedures.O*NET Task ID 11424 | 0.5 |
Estimate material or worker requirements to complete jobs.O*NET Task ID 11425 | 0.5 |
Supervise, coordinate, or schedule the activities of construction or extractive workers.O*NET Task ID 11426 | 0.5 |
Coordinate work activities with other construction project activities.O*NET Task ID 11428 | 0.5 |
Order or requisition materials or supplies.O*NET Task ID 11429 | 0.5 |
Locate, measure, and mark site locations or placement of structures or equipment, using measuring and marking equipment.O*NET Task ID 11430 | 0.5 |
Assign work to employees, based on material or worker requirements of specific jobs.O*NET Task ID 11432 | 0.5 |
Analyze worker or production problems and recommend solutions, such as improving production methods or implementing motivational plans.O*NET Task ID 11435 | 0.5 |
Suggest or initiate personnel actions, such as promotions, transfers, or hires.O*NET Task ID 11437 | 0.5 |
Inspect work progress, equipment, or construction sites to verify safety or to ensure that specifications are met.O*NET Task ID 20291 | 0.5 |
Confer with managerial or technical personnel, other departments, or contractors to resolve problems or to coordinate activities.O*NET Task ID 11427 | 0.0 |
Provide assistance to workers engaged in construction or extraction activities, using hand tools or other equipment.O*NET Task ID 11433 | 0.0 |
Train workers in construction methods, operation of equipment, safety procedures, or company policies.O*NET Task ID 11434 | 0.0 |
Arrange for repairs of equipment or machinery.O*NET Task ID 11436 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (15)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Read specifications, such as blueprints, to determine construction requirements or to plan procedures. | Core |
| Estimate material or worker requirements to complete jobs. | Core |
| Supervise, coordinate, or schedule the activities of construction or extractive workers. | Core |
| Confer with managerial or technical personnel, other departments, or contractors to resolve problems or to coordinate activities. | Core |
| Coordinate work activities with other construction project activities. | Core |
| Order or requisition materials or supplies. | Core |
| Locate, measure, and mark site locations or placement of structures or equipment, using measuring and marking equipment. | Core |
| Record information, such as personnel, production, or operational data on specified forms or reports. | Core |
| Assign work to employees, based on material or worker requirements of specific jobs. | Core |
| Provide assistance to workers engaged in construction or extraction activities, using hand tools or other equipment. | Core |
| Train workers in construction methods, operation of equipment, safety procedures, or company policies. | Core |
| Analyze worker or production problems and recommend solutions, such as improving production methods or implementing motivational plans. | Core |
| Arrange for repairs of equipment or machinery. | Core |
| Suggest or initiate personnel actions, such as promotions, transfers, or hires. | Core |
| Inspect work progress, equipment, or construction sites to verify safety or to ensure that specifications are met. | Core |
0.73/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Locate, measure, and mark site locations or placement of structures or equipment, using measuring and marking equipment. | E3 unstructured settings |
| Provide assistance to workers engaged in construction or extraction activities, using hand tools or other equipment. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Inspect work progress, equipment, or construction sites to verify safety or to ensure that specifications are met. | E3 unstructured settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 47-1011 group (First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 913K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 959K
- Change (2025–35)
- +5%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $79,920
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14111 | 건축 관련 관리자 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
| 14114 | 광업 관련 관리자 | Related, not a match | reviewed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 3121Mining Supervisors
- ISCO-08 3123Construction Supervisors
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- bridge construction supervisorESCO 3123.1.2This occupation is broader
Bridge construction supervisors monitor the construction of bridges. They assign tasks and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- concrete finisher supervisorESCO 3123.1.4This occupation is broader
Concrete finisher supervisors monitor the concrete finishing process. They assign tasks to finishers and take quick decisions to resolve problems. They may also pass on their skills to apprentices.
- construction general supervisorESCO 3123.1This occupation is broader
Construction general supervisors keep track of the proceedings of all stages in the building process. They coordinate the different teams, assign tasks, and resolve problems.
- construction painting supervisorESCO 3123.1.5This occupation is broader
Construction painting supervisors plan, direct and oversee the work of the crew of painters assigned to a certain project or location. They supervise and evaluate the work of painters.
- construction scaffolding supervisorESCO 3123.1.6This occupation is broader
Construction scaffolding supervisors plan and supervise the transport, assembly, disassembly and maintenance of the structures. They also ensure the safety of the scaffolds, support structures, access ladders and fenders.
- demolition supervisorESCO 3123.1.8This occupation is broader
Demolition supervisors monitor operations involved in the demolition of buildings and clean up of debris. They take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- dredging supervisorESCO 3123.1.10This occupation is broader
Dredging supervisors monitor dredging operations. They make sure the operation proceeds per regulations and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- lift installation supervisorESCO 3123.1.14This occupation is broader
Lift installation supervisor monitor the installation of lifts. They keep an overview of the proceedings, assign tasks, and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- mine shift managerESCO 3121.1.1This occupation is broader
Mine shift managers supervise staff, manage plant and equipment, optimise productivity and ensure safety at the mine on a day to day basis.
- paperhanger supervisorESCO 3123.1.15This occupation is broader
Paperhanger supervisors monitor the hanging of wallpaper. They assign tasks and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- pipeline route managerESCO 4323.10This occupation is broader
Pipeline route managers oversee the day-to-day operational aspects of transporting goods via pipeline infrastructures. They have an overview of the network and plan the different routes to transport goods from one site to another. They strive for the most efficient and less costly route. They troubleshoot arising issues in networks and sites, ensure implementation of regulations, and follow up the achievement of transport targets.
- plumbing supervisorESCO 3123.1.17This occupation is broader
Plumbing supervisors monitor plumbing operations. They assign tasks and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
+4 more
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| I1506 | Superviseur / Superviseuse cordiste | This occupation is broader |
| F1206 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe bâtiment | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| F1207 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe travaux publics | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| F1209 | Chef / Cheffe de chantier travaux publics | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| F1202 | Chef / Cheffe de chantier bâtiment | Overlapping, not the sameprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 3201 | Supervisores en ingeniería de minas | This occupation is broader |
| 3202 | Supervisores de la construcción | This occupation is broader |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 21193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Berg- und Tagebau und Sprengtechnik | This occupation is broader |
| 32193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Hochbau | This occupation is broader |
| 32293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Tiefbau | This occupation is broader |
| 33193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Bodenverlegung | This occupation is broader |
| 33293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Maler- und Lackierer-, Stuckateurarbeiten, Bauwerksabdichtung, Holz- und Bautenschutz | This occupation is broader |
| 33393 | Aufsichtskräfte - Aus- und Trockenbau, Isolierung, Zimmerei, Glaserei, Rollladen- und Jalousiebau | This occupation is broader |
| 34293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Klempnerei, Sanitär-, Heizungs- und Klimatechnik | This occupation is broader |
| 42293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Umweltschutztechnik | This occupation is broader |
| 31193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Bauplanung und -überwachung, Architektur | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 51293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Überwachung und Wartung der Verkehrsinfrastruktur | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 21194 | Führungskräfte - Berg- und Tagebau und Sprengtechnik | Related, not a match |
| 21113 | Berufe im Berg- und Tagebau - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 24493 | Aufsichtskräfte - Metallbau und Schweißtechnik | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 93293 | Aufsichtskräfte - Innenarchitektur, visuelles Marketing, Raumausstattung | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 092 | 土木技術者 | Related, not a match |
| 661 | 大工 | Related, not a match |
| 681 | 土木従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources