Patternmakers, Wood
Production Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 51-7032.00
Plan, lay out, and construct wooden unit or sectional patterns used in forming sand molds for castings.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.030
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.16
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only20 rated tasks · 6 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (30.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Compute dimensions, areas, volumes, and weights.51-7032.00 | 0.034694.8 | 0.021291.0 |
Verify dimensions of completed patterns, using templates, straightedges, calipers, or protractors.51-7032.00 | 0.00195.2 | 0.00219.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 18 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Read blueprints, drawings, or written specifications to determine sizes and shapes of patterns and required machine setups. | —0 | —0 |
Lay out patterns on wood stock and draw outlines of units, sectional patterns, or full-scale mock-ups of products, based on blueprint specifications and sketches, and using marking and measuring devices. | —0 | —0 |
Set up, operate, and adjust a variety of woodworking machines such as bandsaws and lathes to cut and shape sections, parts, and patterns, according to specifications. | —0 | —0 |
Trim, smooth, and shape surfaces, and plane, shave, file, scrape, and sand models to attain specified shapes, using hand tools. | —0 | —0 |
Fit, fasten, and assemble wood parts together to form patterns, models, or sections, using glue, nails, dowels, bolts, and screws. | —0 | —0 |
Correct patterns to compensate for defects in castings. | —0 | —0 |
Construct wooden models, templates, full scale mock-ups, jigs, or molds for shaping parts of products. | —0 | —0 |
Mark identifying information such as colors or codes on patterns, parts, and templates to indicate assembly methods. | —0 | —0 |
Finish completed products or models with shellac, lacquer, wax, or paint. | —0 | —0 |
Glue fillets along interior angles of patterns. | —0 | —0 |
Select lumber to be used for patterns. | —0 | —0 |
Repair broken or damaged patterns. | —0 | —0 |
Maintain pattern records for reference. | —0 | —0 |
Inventory equipment and supplies, ordering parts and tools as necessary. | —0 | —0 |
Estimate costs for patternmaking jobs. | —0 | —0 |
Divide patterns into sections according to shapes of castings to facilitate removal of patterns from molds. | —0 | —0 |
Issue patterns to designated machine operators. | —0 | —0 |
Collect and store patterns and lumber. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Compute dimensions, areas, volumes, and weights.O*NET Task ID 12238 | 1.0 |
Maintain pattern records for reference.O*NET Task ID 12244 | 1.0 |
Inventory equipment and supplies, ordering parts and tools as necessary.O*NET Task ID 12245 | 1.0 |
Estimate costs for patternmaking jobs.O*NET Task ID 12246 | 1.0 |
Read blueprints, drawings, or written specifications to determine sizes and shapes of patterns and required machine setups.O*NET Task ID 12230 | 0.5 |
Lay out patterns on wood stock and draw outlines of units, sectional patterns, or full-scale mock-ups of products, based on blueprint specifications and sketches, and using marking and measuring devices.O*NET Task ID 12231 | 0.5 |
Verify dimensions of completed patterns, using templates, straightedges, calipers, or protractors.O*NET Task ID 12232 | 0.0 |
Set up, operate, and adjust a variety of woodworking machines such as bandsaws and lathes to cut and shape sections, parts, and patterns, according to specifications.O*NET Task ID 12233 | 0.0 |
Trim, smooth, and shape surfaces, and plane, shave, file, scrape, and sand models to attain specified shapes, using hand tools.O*NET Task ID 12234 | 0.0 |
Fit, fasten, and assemble wood parts together to form patterns, models, or sections, using glue, nails, dowels, bolts, and screws.O*NET Task ID 12235 | 0.0 |
Correct patterns to compensate for defects in castings.O*NET Task ID 12236 | 0.0 |
Construct wooden models, templates, full scale mock-ups, jigs, or molds for shaping parts of products.O*NET Task ID 12237 | 0.0 |
Mark identifying information such as colors or codes on patterns, parts, and templates to indicate assembly methods.O*NET Task ID 12239 | 0.0 |
Finish completed products or models with shellac, lacquer, wax, or paint.O*NET Task ID 12240 | 0.0 |
Glue fillets along interior angles of patterns.O*NET Task ID 12241 | 0.0 |
Select lumber to be used for patterns.O*NET Task ID 12242 | 0.0 |
Repair broken or damaged patterns.O*NET Task ID 12243 | 0.0 |
Divide patterns into sections according to shapes of castings to facilitate removal of patterns from molds.O*NET Task ID 12247 | 0.0 |
Issue patterns to designated machine operators.O*NET Task ID 12248 | 0.0 |
Collect and store patterns and lumber.O*NET Task ID 12249 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Read blueprints, drawings, or written specifications to determine sizes and shapes of patterns and required machine setups. | Core |
| Lay out patterns on wood stock and draw outlines of units, sectional patterns, or full-scale mock-ups of products, based on blueprint specifications and sketches, and using marking and measuring devices. | Core |
| Verify dimensions of completed patterns, using templates, straightedges, calipers, or protractors. | Core |
| Set up, operate, and adjust a variety of woodworking machines such as bandsaws and lathes to cut and shape sections, parts, and patterns, according to specifications. | Core |
| Trim, smooth, and shape surfaces, and plane, shave, file, scrape, and sand models to attain specified shapes, using hand tools. | Core |
| Fit, fasten, and assemble wood parts together to form patterns, models, or sections, using glue, nails, dowels, bolts, and screws. | Core |
| Correct patterns to compensate for defects in castings. | Core |
| Construct wooden models, templates, full scale mock-ups, jigs, or molds for shaping parts of products. | Core |
| Compute dimensions, areas, volumes, and weights. | Core |
| Mark identifying information such as colors or codes on patterns, parts, and templates to indicate assembly methods. | Core |
| Finish completed products or models with shellac, lacquer, wax, or paint. | Core |
| Glue fillets along interior angles of patterns. | Core |
| Select lumber to be used for patterns. | Core |
| Repair broken or damaged patterns. | Core |
| Maintain pattern records for reference. | Core |
| Inventory equipment and supplies, ordering parts and tools as necessary. | Core |
| Estimate costs for patternmaking jobs. | Core |
| Divide patterns into sections according to shapes of castings to facilitate removal of patterns from molds. | Core |
| Collect and store patterns and lumber. | Core |
| Issue patterns to designated machine operators. | Supplemental |
0.82/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Lay out patterns on wood stock and draw outlines of units, sectional patterns, or full-scale mock-ups of products, based on blueprint specifications and sketches, and using marking and measuring devices. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Verify dimensions of completed patterns, using templates, straightedges, calipers, or protractors. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Set up, operate, and adjust a variety of woodworking machines such as bandsaws and lathes to cut and shape sections, parts, and patterns, according to specifications. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Trim, smooth, and shape surfaces, and plane, shave, file, scrape, and sand models to attain specified shapes, using hand tools. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Fit, fasten, and assemble wood parts together to form patterns, models, or sections, using glue, nails, dowels, bolts, and screws. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Correct patterns to compensate for defects in castings. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Construct wooden models, templates, full scale mock-ups, jigs, or molds for shaping parts of products. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Mark identifying information such as colors or codes on patterns, parts, and templates to indicate assembly methods. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Finish completed products or models with shellac, lacquer, wax, or paint. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Glue fillets along interior angles of patterns. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Select lumber to be used for patterns. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Repair broken or damaged patterns. | E0 none |
| Divide patterns into sections according to shapes of castings to facilitate removal of patterns from molds. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Collect and store patterns and lumber. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Issue patterns to designated machine operators. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 600
- Projected employment, 2035
- 600
- Change (2025–35)
- -2%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $49,630
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 74021 | 목형원 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 7522Cabinet-makers and Related Workers
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- casting mould makerESCO 7222.1Overlapping, not the same
Casting mould makers create metal, wooden or plastic models of the finished product to be cast. The patterns are then used to create moulds, eventually leading to the casting of the product of the same shape as the pattern.
- woodcarverESCO 7317.6Overlapping, not the same
Woodcarvers manually shape wood into the desired shape using equipment like knives, gouges and chisels. Woodcarvers produce wooden products to serve as decoration, to be integrated into a composite product, as utensils or as toys.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| H2908 | Modeleur / Modeleuse | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| H2910 | Mouleur noyauteur / Mouleuse noyauteuse machine | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 7820 | Ebanistas y trabajadores afines | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 7322 | Trabajadores de la fabricación de herramientas, mecánico-ajustadores, modelistas, matriceros y afines | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 27232 | Berufe im Modellbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 536 | 木・紙製品製造従事者 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources