Couriers and Messengers
Office & Administrative SupportAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.041
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.41
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 36% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks onlyValues in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Receive messages or materials to be delivered, and information on recipients, such as names, addresses, telephone numbers, and delivery instructions, communicated via telephone, two-way radio, or in person.O*NET Task ID 7013 | 1.0 |
Record information, such as items received and delivered and recipients' responses to messages.O*NET Task ID 7018 | 1.0 |
Check with home offices after completed deliveries to confirm deliveries and collections and to receive instructions for other deliveries.O*NET Task ID 7019 | 1.0 |
Use telephone to deliver verbal messages.O*NET Task ID 7021 | 1.0 |
Plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods.O*NET Task ID 7014 | 0.5 |
Sort items to be delivered according to the delivery route.O*NET Task ID 7016 | 0.5 |
Walk, ride bicycles, drive vehicles, or use public conveyances to reach destinations to deliver messages or materials.O*NET Task ID 7010 | 0.0 |
Load vehicles with listed goods, ensuring goods are loaded correctly and taking precautions with hazardous goods.O*NET Task ID 7011 | 0.0 |
Unload and sort items collected along delivery routes.O*NET Task ID 7012 | 0.0 |
Deliver messages and items, such as newspapers, documents, and packages, between establishment departments and to other establishments and private homes.O*NET Task ID 7015 | 0.0 |
Obtain signatures and payments, or arrange for recipients to make payments.O*NET Task ID 7017 | 0.0 |
Perform routine maintenance on delivery vehicles, such as monitoring fluid levels and replenishing fuel.O*NET Task ID 7020 | 0.0 |
Open, sort, and distribute incoming mail.O*NET Task ID 7022 | 0.0 |
Perform general office or clerical work, such as filing materials, operating duplicating machines, or running errands.O*NET Task ID 7023 | 0.0 |
Collect, seal, and stamp outgoing mail, using postage meters and envelope sealers.O*NET Task ID 7024 | 0.0 |
Unload goods from large trucks, and load them onto smaller delivery vehicles.O*NET Task ID 7025 | 0.0 |
Deliver and pick up medical records, lab specimens, and medications to and from hospitals and other medical facilities.O*NET Task ID 20903 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page