Fast Food and Counter Workers

Food Preparation & Service

AI exposure

  • Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08

    Moderate· relative

    LowFour relative bandsVery high

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)

    831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band

    Source dataset (XLSX download)

  • Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000Range of values carried here0.745
    Scale, basis and source

    Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Mapped onto O*NET tasks

    Source dataset

  • Data source: ILOPublished: 2025

    0.24

    0.09Range of values carried here0.70

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published

    ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value

    Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 79% score at or above this value.

    Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

TaskβE1 + 0.5 × E2
Take customers' orders and write ordered items on tickets, giving ticket stubs to customers when needed to identify filled orders.

O*NET Task ID 23119

1.0
Request and record customer orders, and compute bills, using cash registers, multi-counting machines, or pencil and paper.

O*NET Task ID 23104

0.5
Plan, prepare, and deliver meals to individuals with special dietary needs.

O*NET Task ID 23125

0.5
Arrange reservations for patrons of dining establishments.

O*NET Task ID 23126

0.5
Communicate with customers regarding orders, comments, and complaints.

O*NET Task ID 23099

0.0
Accept payment from customers, and make change as necessary.

O*NET Task ID 23100

0.0
Scrub and polish counters, steam tables, and other equipment, and clean glasses, dishes, and fountain equipment.

O*NET Task ID 23101

0.0
Perform cleaning duties, such as sweeping, mopping, and washing dishes, to keep equipment and facilities sanitary.

O*NET Task ID 23102

0.0
Balance receipts and payments in cash registers.

O*NET Task ID 23103

0.0
Serve food, beverages, or desserts to customers in such settings as take-out counters of restaurants or lunchrooms, business or industrial establishments, hotel rooms, and cars.

O*NET Task ID 23105

0.0
Prepare daily food items, and cook simple foods and beverages, such as sandwiches, salads, soups, pizza, or coffee, using proper safety precautions and sanitary measures.

O*NET Task ID 23106

0.0
Clean and organize eating, service, and kitchen areas.

O*NET Task ID 23107

0.0
Monitor and order supplies or food items, and restock as necessary to maintain inventory.

O*NET Task ID 23108

0.0
Brew coffee and tea, and fill containers with requested beverages.

O*NET Task ID 23109

0.0
Serve customers in eating places that specialize in fast service and inexpensive carry-out food.

O*NET Task ID 23110

0.0
Collect and return dirty dishes to the kitchen for washing.

O*NET Task ID 23111

0.0
Wash dishes, glassware, and silverware after meals.

O*NET Task ID 23112

0.0
Wrap menu items such as sandwiches, hot entrees, and desserts for serving or for takeout.

O*NET Task ID 23113

0.0
Notify kitchen personnel of shortages or special orders.

O*NET Task ID 23114

0.0
Prepare and serve cold drinks, frozen milk drinks, or desserts, using drink-dispensing, milkshake, or frozen-custard machines.

O*NET Task ID 23115

0.0
Select food items from serving or storage areas and place them in dishes, on serving trays, or in take-out bags.

O*NET Task ID 23116

0.0
Replenish foods at serving stations.

O*NET Task ID 23117

0.0
Perform personnel activities, such as supervising and training employees.

O*NET Task ID 23118

0.0
Distribute food to servers.

O*NET Task ID 23120

0.0
Set up dining areas for meals, and clear them following meals.

O*NET Task ID 23121

0.0
Add relishes and garnishes to food orders, according to instructions.

O*NET Task ID 23122

0.0
Deliver orders to kitchens, and pick up and serve food when it is ready.

O*NET Task ID 23123

0.0
Arrange tables and decorations according to instructions.

O*NET Task ID 23124

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information

Recent Changes Affecting This Occupation

Mar 2026: Evergreen blog post published analyzing automation risks for fast food workers

[Source: AI Changing Work Blog]