Private Detectives and Investigators
Protective ServiceAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.39
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 44% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks onlyValues in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Write reports or case summaries to document investigations.O*NET Task ID 13095 | 1.0 |
Search computer databases, credit reports, public records, tax or legal filings, or other resources to locate persons or to compile information for investigations.O*NET Task ID 13096 | 0.5 |
Obtain and analyze information on suspects, crimes, or disturbances to solve cases, to identify criminal activity, or to gather information for court cases.O*NET Task ID 13097 | 0.5 |
Conduct private investigations on a paid basis.O*NET Task ID 13099 | 0.5 |
Question persons to obtain evidence for cases of divorce, child custody, or missing persons or information about individuals' character or financial status.O*NET Task ID 13101 | 0.5 |
Observe and document activities of individuals to detect unlawful acts or to obtain evidence for cases, using binoculars and still or video cameras.O*NET Task ID 13102 | 0.5 |
Alert appropriate personnel to suspects' locations.O*NET Task ID 13103 | 0.5 |
Investigate companies' financial standings, or locate funds stolen by embezzlers, using accounting skills.O*NET Task ID 13105 | 0.5 |
Expose fraudulent insurance claims or stolen funds.O*NET Task ID 13106 | 0.5 |
Count cash and review transactions, sales checks, or register tapes to verify amounts or to identify shortages.O*NET Task ID 13109 | 0.5 |
Testify at hearings or court trials to present evidence.O*NET Task ID 13100 | 0.0 |
Perform undercover operations, such as evaluating the performance or honesty of employees by posing as customers or employees.O*NET Task ID 13104 | 0.0 |
Confer with establishment officials, security departments, police, or postal officials to identify problems, provide information, or receive instructions.O*NET Task ID 13107 | 0.0 |
Apprehend suspects and release them to law enforcement authorities or security personnel.O*NET Task ID 13108 | 0.0 |
Warn troublemakers causing problems on establishment premises and eject them from premises when necessary.O*NET Task ID 13110 | 0.0 |
Monitor industrial or commercial properties to enforce conformance to establishment rules and to protect people or property.O*NET Task ID 13111 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page