Roofers
Construction, Maintenance & RepairAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Low· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.016
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.13
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 97% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks onlyValues in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.O*NET Task ID 13574 | 0.5 |
Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs.O*NET Task ID 20793 | 0.5 |
Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.O*NET Task ID 13575 | 0.0 |
Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight.O*NET Task ID 13578 | 0.0 |
Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions.O*NET Task ID 13579 | 0.0 |
Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces.O*NET Task ID 13580 | 0.0 |
Install vapor barriers or layers of insulation on flat roofs.O*NET Task ID 13581 | 0.0 |
Cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage or rust.O*NET Task ID 13583 | 0.0 |
Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles.O*NET Task ID 13584 | 0.0 |
Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools.O*NET Task ID 13585 | 0.0 |
Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.O*NET Task ID 13586 | 0.0 |
Apply alternate layers of hot asphalt or tar and roofing paper to roofs.O*NET Task ID 13587 | 0.0 |
Spray roofs, sidings, or walls to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures, using spray guns, air compressors, or heaters.O*NET Task ID 13589 | 0.0 |
Waterproof or damp-proof walls, floors, roofs, foundations, or basements by painting or spraying surfaces with waterproof coatings or by attaching waterproofing membranes to surfaces.O*NET Task ID 13590 | 0.0 |
Mop or pour hot asphalt or tar onto roof bases.O*NET Task ID 13591 | 0.0 |
Apply plastic coatings, membranes, fiberglass, or felt over sloped roofs before applying shingles.O*NET Task ID 13592 | 0.0 |
Smooth rough spots to prepare surfaces for waterproofing, using hammers, chisels, or rubbing bricks.O*NET Task ID 13593 | 0.0 |
Glaze top layers to make a smooth finish or embed gravel in the bitumen for rough surfaces.O*NET Task ID 13594 | 0.0 |
Apply gravel or pebbles over top layers of roofs, using rakes or stiff-bristled brooms.O*NET Task ID 13595 | 0.0 |
Punch holes in slate, tile, terra cotta, or wooden shingles, using punches and hammers.O*NET Task ID 13596 | 0.0 |
Apply modular soil- and plant-containing grids over existing roof membranes to create green roofs.O*NET Task ID 19850 | 0.0 |
Apply reflective roof coatings, such as special paints or single-ply roofing sheets, to existing roofs to reduce solar heat absorption.O*NET Task ID 19851 | 0.0 |
Attach solar panels to existing roofs, according to specifications and without damaging roofing materials or the structural integrity of buildings.O*NET Task ID 19852 | 0.0 |
Install attic ventilation systems, such as turbine vents, gable or ridge vents, or conventional or solar-powered exhaust fans.O*NET Task ID 19853 | 0.0 |
Install layers of vegetation-based green roofs, including protective membranes, drainage, aeration, water retention and filter layers, soil substrates, irrigation materials, and plants.O*NET Task ID 19854 | 0.0 |
Install skylights on roofs to increase natural light inside structures or to reduce energy costs.O*NET Task ID 19855 | 0.0 |
Install solar roofing systems that have energy-collecting photovoltaic panels built into roofing membranes, shingles, or tiles.O*NET Task ID 19856 | 0.0 |
Attach roofing paper to roofs in overlapping strips to form bases for other materials.O*NET Task ID 20794 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page