Treasurers and Controllers

Business & Financial Operations

AI exposure

  • Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08

    Very high· relative

    LowFour relative bandsVery high

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)

    831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band

    Source dataset (XLSX download)

  • Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03

    0.391

    0.000Range of values carried here0.745
    Scale, basis and source

    Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Mapped onto O*NET tasks

    Source dataset

  • Data source: ILOPublished: 2025

    0.37

    0.09Range of values carried here0.70

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published

    ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value

    Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 53% score at or above this value.

    Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

TaskβE1 + 0.5 × E2
Prepare and file annual tax returns or prepare financial information so that outside accountants can complete tax returns.

O*NET Task ID 8855

0.5
Prepare or direct preparation of financial statements, business activity reports, financial position forecasts, annual budgets, or reports required by regulatory agencies.

O*NET Task ID 8856

0.5
Supervise employees performing financial reporting, accounting, billing, collections, payroll, and budgeting duties.

O*NET Task ID 8857

0.5
Delegate authority for the receipt, disbursement, banking, protection, and custody of funds, securities, and financial instruments.

O*NET Task ID 8858

0.5
Maintain current knowledge of organizational policies and procedures, federal and state policies and directives, and current accounting standards.

O*NET Task ID 8859

0.5
Conduct or coordinate audits of company accounts and financial transactions to ensure compliance with state and federal requirements and statutes.

O*NET Task ID 8860

0.5
Receive, record, and authorize requests for disbursements in accordance with company policies and procedures.

O*NET Task ID 8861

0.5
Monitor and evaluate the performance of accounting and other financial staff, recommending and implementing personnel actions, such as promotions and dismissals.

O*NET Task ID 8863

0.5
Develop and maintain relationships with banking, insurance, and external accounting personnel to facilitate financial activities.

O*NET Task ID 8864

0.5
Coordinate and direct the financial planning, budgeting, procurement, or investment activities of all or part of an organization.

O*NET Task ID 8865

0.5
Receive cash and checks and make deposits.

O*NET Task ID 8872

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information