Anthropologists and Archeologists

Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations

O*NET-SOC コード: 19-3091.00

Study the origin, development, and behavior of human beings. May study the way of life, language, or physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. May engage in systematic recovery and examination of material evidence, such as tools or pottery remaining from past human cultures, in order to determine the history, customs, and living habits of earlier civilizations.

データ出典: BLS公表時点: 2026-08
非常に高い· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分（低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い）
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
出典データセット（XLSX ファイルのダウンロード）
データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: 2026-03
0.135
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745
尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
SOC 2018の職業単位で公表された値で、同じSOC 2018コードを持つO*NET職業はすべてこの値になります
出典データセット（CSV ファイルのダウンロード）
データ出典: ILO公表時点: 2025
0.48
0.09ここに掲載された値の範囲0.70
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の細分類（4桁）単位で公表された値です。米国労働統計局（BLS）の公式対応表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）を公表どおり適用してこの職業に結び付けており、対応は全部または一部です
出典データセット（PDF ファイルのダウンロード）

この出典がどのような性格の値か

BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。

Task-level exposure

非表示の作業 23 件を表示

評価済みタスク 30 件 · β ≥ 0.5 のタスク 25 件（83.3%）

β = 直接的な露出（E1）+ 0.5 × ツール利用時の露出（E2）。原典リポジトリの定義に従います。

原典の単位：O*NET 27.2 のタスク → O*NET 31.0 の職業コード
評価済みタスクはすべて O*NET 31.0 のタスク一覧にあります。

出典: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版: gh-main-0471612
ライセンス: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

O*NET-SOC 2010 の職業 19-3091.01 Anthropologists; 19-3091.02 Archeologists の作業です。当サイトが O*NET-SOC 2010→2019 公式クロスウォークによりこの職業に結び付けました

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Explain the origins and physical, social, or cultural development of humans, including physical attributes, cultural traditions, beliefs, languages, resource management practices, and settlement patterns. 19-3091.01	0.108821.9
Write, present, and publish reports that record site history, methodology, and artifact analysis results, along with recommendations for conserving and interpreting findings. 19-3091.02	0.087817.7
Formulate general rules that describe and predict the development and behavior of cultures and social institutions. 19-3091.01	0.04438.9
Write about and present research findings for a variety of specialized and general audiences. 19-3091.01	0.04298.7
Record the exact locations and conditions of artifacts uncovered in diggings or surveys, using drawings and photographs as necessary. 19-3091.02	0.03477.0
Create data records for use in describing and analyzing social patterns and processes, using photography, videography, and audio recordings. 19-3091.01	0.03396.8
Organize public exhibits and displays to promote public awareness of diverse and distinctive cultural traditions. 19-3091.01	0.02925.9
Study archival collections of primary historical sources to help explain the origins and development of cultural patterns. 19-3091.01	0.02555.1
Study objects and structures recovered by excavation to identify, date, and authenticate them and to interpret their significance. 19-3091.02	0.02204.4
Plan and direct research to characterize and compare the economic, demographic, health care, social, political, linguistic, and religious institutions of distinct cultural groups, communities, and organizations. 19-3091.01	0.01372.8
Teach and mentor undergraduate and graduate students in anthropology. 19-3091.01	0.00941.9
Describe artifacts' physical properties or attributes, such as the materials from which artifacts are made and their size, shape, function, and decoration. 19-3091.02	0.00791.6
Analyze and characterize user experiences and institutional settings to assist consumer product developers, technology developers, and software engineers with the design of innovative products and services. 19-3091.01	0.00701.4
Examine museum collections of hominid fossils to classify anatomical and physiological variations and to determine how they fit into evolutionary theory. 19-3091.01	0.00671.3
Develop and test theories concerning the origin and development of past cultures. 19-3091.02	0.00450.9
Collect information and make judgments through observation, interviews, and review of documents. 19-3091.01	0.00400.8
Create artifact typologies to organize and make sense of past material cultures. 19-3091.02	0.00400.8
Teach archeology at colleges and universities. 19-3091.02	0.00270.5
Create a grid of each site and draw and update maps of unit profiles, stratum surfaces, features, and findings. 19-3091.02	0.00260.5
Compare findings from one site with archeological data from other sites to find similarities or differences. 19-3091.02	0.00250.5
Enhance the cultural sensitivity of elementary and secondary curricula and classroom interactions in collaboration with educators and teachers. 19-3091.01	0.00240.5
他 11 件の作業を表示 ▾折りたたむ ▴

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Write about and present research findings for a variety of specialized and general audiences. O*NET Task ID 22234	1.0
Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research. O*NET Task ID 22260	1.0
Study objects and structures recovered by excavation to identify, date, and authenticate them and to interpret their significance. O*NET Task ID 22231	0.5
Collect information and make judgments through observation, interviews, and review of documents. O*NET Task ID 22232	0.5
Research, survey, or assess sites of past societies and cultures in search of answers to specific research questions. O*NET Task ID 22233	0.5
Describe artifacts' physical properties or attributes, such as the materials from which artifacts are made and their size, shape, function, and decoration. O*NET Task ID 22235	0.5
Plan and direct research to characterize and compare the economic, demographic, health care, social, political, linguistic, and religious institutions of distinct cultural groups, communities, and organizations. O*NET Task ID 22236	0.5
Compare findings from one site with archeological data from other sites to find similarities or differences. O*NET Task ID 22237	0.5
Record the exact locations and conditions of artifacts uncovered in diggings or surveys, using drawings and photographs as necessary. O*NET Task ID 22238	0.5
Assess archeological sites for resource management, development, or conservation purposes and recommend methods for site protection. O*NET Task ID 22239	0.5
Gather and analyze artifacts and skeletal remains to increase knowledge of ancient cultures. O*NET Task ID 22240	0.5
Identify culturally specific beliefs and practices affecting health status and access to services for distinct populations and communities, in collaboration with medical and public health officials. O*NET Task ID 22242	0.5
Consult site reports, existing artifacts, and topographic maps to identify archeological sites. O*NET Task ID 22243	0.5
Train others in the application of ethnographic research methods to solve problems in organizational effectiveness, communications, technology development, policy making, and program planning. O*NET Task ID 22244	0.5
Advise government agencies, private organizations, and communities regarding proposed programs, plans, and policies and their potential impacts on cultural institutions, organizations, and communities. O*NET Task ID 22245	0.5
Create data records for use in describing and analyzing social patterns and processes, using photography, videography, and audio recordings. O*NET Task ID 22246	0.5
Develop and test theories concerning the origin and development of past cultures. O*NET Task ID 22248	0.5
Collaborate with economic development planners to decide on the implementation of proposed development policies, plans, and programs based on culturally institutionalized barriers and facilitating circumstances. O*NET Task ID 22250	0.5
Organize public exhibits and displays to promote public awareness of diverse and distinctive cultural traditions. O*NET Task ID 22253	0.5
Formulate general rules that describe and predict the development and behavior of cultures and social institutions. O*NET Task ID 22254	0.5
Study archival collections of primary historical sources to help explain the origins and development of cultural patterns. O*NET Task ID 22255	0.5
Apply traditional ecological knowledge and assessments of culturally distinctive land and resource management institutions to assist in the resolution of conflicts over habitat protection and resource enhancement. O*NET Task ID 22256	0.5
Enhance the cultural sensitivity of elementary and secondary curricula and classroom interactions in collaboration with educators and teachers. O*NET Task ID 22257	0.5
Participate in forensic activities, such as tooth and bone structure identification, in conjunction with police departments and pathologists. O*NET Task ID 22258	0.5
Teach or mentor undergraduate and graduate students in anthropology or archeology. O*NET Task ID 22259	0.5
他 15 件の作業を表示 ▾折りたたむ ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（30件）

この職業の O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（英語原文、種別はコア・補足）。露出値はこの一覧には載せず、上の表で各出典が用いた O*NET 版の文言の横にあります。

タスク（O*NET 31.0）	種類
Collect information and make judgments through observation, interviews, and review of documents.	コア
Research, survey, or assess sites of past societies and cultures in search of answers to specific research questions.	コア
Write about and present research findings for a variety of specialized and general audiences.	コア
Plan and direct research to characterize and compare the economic, demographic, health care, social, political, linguistic, and religious institutions of distinct cultural groups, communities, and organizations.	コア
Identify culturally specific beliefs and practices affecting health status and access to services for distinct populations and communities, in collaboration with medical and public health officials.	コア
Train others in the application of ethnographic research methods to solve problems in organizational effectiveness, communications, technology development, policy making, and program planning.	コア
Advise government agencies, private organizations, and communities regarding proposed programs, plans, and policies and their potential impacts on cultural institutions, organizations, and communities.	コア
Create data records for use in describing and analyzing social patterns and processes, using photography, videography, and audio recordings.	コア
Develop intervention procedures, using techniques such as individual and focus group interviews, consultations, and participant observation of social interaction.	コア
Develop and test theories concerning the origin and development of past cultures.	コア
Lead field training sites and train field staff, students, and volunteers in excavation methods.	コア
Collaborate with economic development planners to decide on the implementation of proposed development policies, plans, and programs based on culturally institutionalized barriers and facilitating circumstances.	コア
Conduct participatory action research in communities and organizations to assess how work is done and to design work systems, technologies, and environments.	コア
Organize public exhibits and displays to promote public awareness of diverse and distinctive cultural traditions.	コア
Formulate general rules that describe and predict the development and behavior of cultures and social institutions.	コア
Study archival collections of primary historical sources to help explain the origins and development of cultural patterns.	コア
Apply traditional ecological knowledge and assessments of culturally distinctive land and resource management institutions to assist in the resolution of conflicts over habitat protection and resource enhancement.	コア
Enhance the cultural sensitivity of elementary and secondary curricula and classroom interactions in collaboration with educators and teachers.	コア
Teach or mentor undergraduate and graduate students in anthropology or archeology.	コア
Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research.	コア
Study objects and structures recovered by excavation to identify, date, and authenticate them and to interpret their significance.	補足
Describe artifacts' physical properties or attributes, such as the materials from which artifacts are made and their size, shape, function, and decoration.	補足
Compare findings from one site with archeological data from other sites to find similarities or differences.	補足
Record the exact locations and conditions of artifacts uncovered in diggings or surveys, using drawings and photographs as necessary.	補足
Assess archeological sites for resource management, development, or conservation purposes and recommend methods for site protection.	補足
Gather and analyze artifacts and skeletal remains to increase knowledge of ancient cultures.	補足
Collect artifacts made of stone, bone, metal, and other materials, placing them in bags and marking them to show where they were found.	補足
Consult site reports, existing artifacts, and topographic maps to identify archeological sites.	補足
Clean, restore, and preserve artifacts.	補足
Participate in forensic activities, such as tooth and bone structure identification, in conjunction with police departments and pathologists.	補足

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.16/ 3· ロボット露出指数

0 不可3 非定型の環境

尺度・母数・出典

身体的なタスクそれぞれに、実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットがこなせる環境に応じて 0–3 の等級を付け（0 不可 · 1 フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのようなロボット専用設備 · 2 病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のような管理された施設 · 3 一般家庭や建設現場のような非定型の環境）、勤務時間に占める割合で平均した値

この職業の O*NET 29.3 タスクのうち身体的なタスクが対象

等級と時間の割合は Anthropic が Claude Opus 5（ウェブ検索）で推定しました（2026年時点）。

出典データセット

ロボット露出指数は、このサイトの AI 露出度とは別の指標であり、足し合わせたり比べたりすることはできません。実際の導入やコスト競争力を示すものではなく、0 には身体的なタスクのない職業も含まれます。

身体的なタスクごとの等級

ロボット環境等級（E0–E3）

E0 ロボット不可詳細
実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットでは、ロボット専用設備でもこなせないと評価
E1 ロボット専用設備詳細
フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのように、機械を中心に作られた設備でこなせると評価
E2 管理された施設詳細
病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のように、機関が作業基準を保っている人の作業施設でこなせると評価
E3 非定型の環境詳細
一般家庭や建設現場のように、作業基準を保つ機関がない環境でこなせると評価

身体的なタスクに分類されたタスクのみを掲載しています。その他のタスクには出典で等級がないため載せていません。

タスク（O*NET 29.3）	ロボット環境等級
Research, survey, or assess sites of past societies and cultures in search of answers to specific research questions.	E0 ロボット不可
Create data records for use in describing and analyzing social patterns and processes, using photography, videography, and audio recordings.	E1 ロボット専用設備
Study objects and structures recovered by excavation to identify, date, and authenticate them and to interpret their significance.	E0 ロボット不可
Describe artifacts' physical properties or attributes, such as the materials from which artifacts are made and their size, shape, function, and decoration.	E1 ロボット専用設備
Record the exact locations and conditions of artifacts uncovered in diggings or surveys, using drawings and photographs as necessary.	E0 ロボット不可
Assess archeological sites for resource management, development, or conservation purposes and recommend methods for site protection.	E2 管理された施設
Gather and analyze artifacts and skeletal remains to increase knowledge of ancient cultures.	E0 ロボット不可
Collect artifacts made of stone, bone, metal, and other materials, placing them in bags and marking them to show where they were found.	E0 ロボット不可
Clean, restore, and preserve artifacts.	E0 ロボット不可
Participate in forensic activities, such as tooth and bone structure identification, in conjunction with police departments and pathologists.	E0 ロボット不可

雇用見通し（BLS）

雇用者数、2025: 10K
雇用者数見通し、2035: 11K
変化率 (2025–35): +6%
年間賃金の中央値、2025: $70,770
入職時に通常必要な学歴: Master's degree

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 の詳細職業825件の賃金中央値の範囲最高 $559,030

出典: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韓国職業分類との対応（KSCO）

AI Changing Work が作成した Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 現行版の対応です。関係の値は O*NET-SOC 職業の側から読みます。

KSCO コード	KSCO 名称	関係	状態
21214	인류학 및 고고학 연구원	範囲が同じ	確定

関係と状態の定義(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO（国際労働機関）の職業説明

以下のISCO-08職業群は、AI Changing Workが米国労働統計局（BLS）の発行するクロスウォーク（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）を個別の選択なしにそのまま適用して、この職業に結び付けたものです。結び付きは全体的な対応の場合も部分的な対応の場合もあります。

ISCO-08 2632Sociologists, Anthropologists and Related Professionals
社会学者、人類学者及び関連分野の専門職

出典: 総務省「国際標準職業分類（ISCO）2008年改定版（仮訳）分類項目名一覧（和英対照）」— 原著：ILO ISCO-08 © International Labour Organization（日本語訳は総務省がILOの許可を得て作成）

原文を見る

以下の定義・作業・職業例は、この職業ではなく、当該ISCO-08職業群についてのILOによる説明です。

Sociologists, anthropologists and related professionals investigate and describe the structure, origin and evolution of societies and the interdependence between environmental conditions and human activities. They provide advice on the practical application of their findings in the formulation of economic and social policies.

作業

(a) conducting research on the origin, development, structure, social patterns, organizations and interrelationships of human society;
(b) tracing the origin and evolution of humanity through the study of changing characteristics and cultural and social institutions;
(c) tracing the development of humanity through the material remains of its past, such as dwellings, temples, tools, pottery, coins, weapons or sculpture;
(d) studying physical and climatic aspects of areas and regions, and correlating these findings with economic, social and cultural activities;
(e) developing theories, models and methods to interpret and describe social phenomena;
(f) evaluating the outcome of political decisions concerning social policy;
(g) analysing and evaluating social data;
(h) advising on the practical application of findings in the formulation of economic and social policies for population groups and regions, and for the development of markets;
(i) preparing scholarly papers and reports.

職業例

Anthropologist · Archaeologist · Criminologist · Ethnologist · Geographer · Sociologist

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 職業語彙

以下の各項目は、公開されているESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（バージョン1、2022年）で、この職業と一つずつ対応付けられたものです。対応の種類はそのクロスウォークによるもので、表現はAI Changing Workによるものです。

anthropologistESCO 2632.1この職業のほうが広い
Anthropologists research all aspects of life pertaining to humans. They study the various civilisations that have existed along the time and their ways of organisation. They attempt to analyse the physical, societal, linguistic, political, economical, philosophical, and cultural aspects of different people. The aim of their studies is to understand and describe the past of humanity and solve topical societal problems. They explore different perspectives such as philosophical anthropology.
archaeologistESCO 2632.2この職業のほうが広い
Archaeologists research and study past civilisations and settlements through collecting and inspecting material remains. They analyse and draw conclusions on a wide array of matters such as hierarchy systems, linguistics, culture, and politics based on the study of objects, structures, fossils, relics, and artifacts left behind by these peoples. Archaeologists utilise various interdisciplinary methods such as stratigraphy, typology, 3D analysis, mathematics, and modelling.

出典: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

ライセンス: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

原文を見る

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

フランス職業分類との対応（ROME）

この職業と ROME 4.0 の職業票（fiche）との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。「暫定」と表示した対応は、同じモデル系列（Claude）の二人の判定者による判定のみ、またはその判定に運営者の規則を適用して採用したものであり、確定した対応より根拠が弱くなります。

ROME コード	ROME 名称（フランス語）	関係
K2125	Archéologue	この職業のほうが広い暫定
K2135	Ethnologue	この職業のほうが広い暫定
K2143	Anthropologue	この職業のほうが広い暫定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

スペイン職業分類との対応（CNO-11）

この職業と CNO-11 の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

CNO-11 コード	CNO-11 名称（スペイン語）	関係
2821	Sociólogos, geógrafos, antropólogos, arqueólogos y afines	この職業のほうが狭い暫定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

ドイツ職業分類との対応（KldB）

この職業と KldB の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

KldB コード	KldB 名称（ドイツ語）	関係
91234	Berufe in der Archäologie - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	この職業のほうが広い暫定
91264	Berufe in der Anthropologie und Ethnologie - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	この職業のほうが広い暫定
91233	Berufe in der Archäologie - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	関連（対応ではない）暫定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本職業分類との対応（JSCO）

この職業と JSCO の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

JSCO コード	JSCO 名称（日本語）	関係
052	人文・社会科学系等研究者	関連（対応ではない）
242	学芸員	関連（対応ではない）

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

このページのデータの出典・ライセンスと AI Changing Work による改変・翻訳の告知：クレジットと出典