Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers

O*NET-SOC コード: 23-2093.00

Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance documents or details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real estate agencies, or title insurance companies.

データ出典: BLS公表時点: 2026-08
高い· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分（低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い）
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
出典データセット（XLSX ファイルのダウンロード）
データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: 2026-03
0.022
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745
尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
SOC 2018の職業単位で公表された値で、同じSOC 2018コードを持つO*NET職業はすべてこの値になります
出典データセット（CSV ファイルのダウンロード）
データ出典: ILO公表時点: 2025
0.39
0.09ここに掲載された値の範囲0.70
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の細分類（4桁）単位で公表された値です。米国労働統計局（BLS）の公式対応表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）を公表どおり適用してこの職業に結び付けており、対応は全部または一部です
出典データセット（PDF ファイルのダウンロード）

この出典がどのような性格の値か

BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。

Task-level exposure

非表示の作業 10 件を表示

評価済みタスク 17 件 · β ≥ 0.5 のタスク 16 件（94.1%）

β = 直接的な露出（E1）+ 0.5 × ツール利用時の露出（E2）。原典リポジトリの定義に従います。

原典の単位：O*NET 27.2 のタスク → O*NET 31.0 の職業コード
評価済みタスクはすべて O*NET 31.0 のタスク一覧にあります。

出典: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版: gh-main-0471612
ライセンス: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures. 23-2093.00	0.015752.0	0.005022.7
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books so that they can be used in examinations, or as proofs or ready reference. 23-2093.00	0.009732.1	0.008036.1
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities, and outlining actions needed to clear titles. 23-2093.00	0.00186.0	—0
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles. 23-2093.00	0.00155.0	—0
Confer with realtors, lending institution personnel, buyers, sellers, contractors, surveyors, and courthouse personnel to exchange title-related information or to resolve problems. 23-2093.00	0.00155.0	—0
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or update existing ones.	—0	0.005825.9
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties.	—0	0.003415.3

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties. O*NET Task ID 9232	1.0
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles. O*NET Task ID 9233	1.0
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or to update existing ones. O*NET Task ID 9238	1.0
Prepare lists of all legal instruments applying to a specific piece of land and the buildings on it. O*NET Task ID 9230	0.5
Examine documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, plat books, maps, contracts, and agreements to verify factors such as properties' legal descriptions, ownership, or restrictions. O*NET Task ID 9231	0.5
Examine individual titles to determine if restrictions, such as delinquent taxes, will affect titles and limit property use. O*NET Task ID 9234	0.5
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities and outlining actions needed to clear titles. O*NET Task ID 9235	0.5
Verify accuracy and completeness of land-related documents accepted for registration, preparing rejection notices when documents are not acceptable. O*NET Task ID 9236	0.5
Direct activities of workers who search records and examine titles, assigning, scheduling, and evaluating work, and providing technical guidance as necessary. O*NET Task ID 9239	0.5
Obtain maps or drawings delineating properties from company title plants, county surveyors, or assessors' offices. O*NET Task ID 9240	0.5
Prepare and issue title commitments and title insurance policies, based on information compiled from title searches. O*NET Task ID 9241	0.5
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books for use in examinations or as proofs or ready reference. O*NET Task ID 9242	0.5
Retrieve and examine real estate closing files for accuracy and to ensure that information included is recorded and executed according to regulations. O*NET Task ID 9243	0.5
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures. O*NET Task ID 9244	0.5
Determine whether land-related documents can be registered under the relevant legislation, such as the Land Titles Act. O*NET Task ID 9245	0.5
Assess fees related to registration of property-related documents. O*NET Task ID 9246	0.5
他 6 件の作業を表示 ▾折りたたむ ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（17件）

この職業の O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（英語原文、種別はコア・補足）。露出値はこの一覧には載せず、上の表で各出典が用いた O*NET 版の文言の横にあります。

タスク（O*NET 31.0）	種類
Prepare lists of all legal instruments applying to a specific piece of land and the buildings on it.	コア
Examine documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, plat books, maps, contracts, and agreements to verify factors such as properties' legal descriptions, ownership, or restrictions.	コア
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties.	コア
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles.	コア
Examine individual titles to determine if restrictions, such as delinquent taxes, will affect titles and limit property use.	コア
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities and outlining actions needed to clear titles.	コア
Verify accuracy and completeness of land-related documents accepted for registration, preparing rejection notices when documents are not acceptable.	コア
Confer with realtors, lending institution personnel, buyers, sellers, contractors, surveyors, and courthouse personnel to exchange title-related information or to resolve problems.	コア
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or to update existing ones.	コア
Direct activities of workers who search records and examine titles, assigning, scheduling, and evaluating work, and providing technical guidance as necessary.	コア
Obtain maps or drawings delineating properties from company title plants, county surveyors, or assessors' offices.	コア
Prepare and issue title commitments and title insurance policies, based on information compiled from title searches.	コア
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books for use in examinations or as proofs or ready reference.	コア
Retrieve and examine real estate closing files for accuracy and to ensure that information included is recorded and executed according to regulations.	コア
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures.	補足
Determine whether land-related documents can be registered under the relevant legislation, such as the Land Titles Act.	補足
Assess fees related to registration of property-related documents.	補足

雇用見通し（BLS）

雇用者数、2025: 60K
雇用者数見通し、2035: 61K
変化率 (2025–35): +2.1%
年間賃金の中央値、2025: $58,650
入職時に通常必要な学歴: High school diploma or equivalent

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 の詳細職業825件の賃金中央値の範囲最高 $559,030

出典: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韓国職業分類との対応（KSCO）

AI Changing Work が作成した Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 現行版の対応です。関係の値は O*NET-SOC 職業の側から読みます。

KSCO コード	KSCO 名称	関係	状態
27131	법무사	関連（対応ではない）	確定

関係と状態の定義(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO（国際労働機関）の職業説明

以下のISCO-08職業群は、AI Changing Workが米国労働統計局（BLS）の発行するクロスウォーク（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）を個別の選択なしにそのまま適用して、この職業に結び付けたものです。結び付きは全体的な対応の場合も部分的な対応の場合もあります。

ISCO-08 3411Legal and Related Associate Professionals
法務及び関連分野の准専門職

出典: 総務省「国際標準職業分類（ISCO）2008年改定版（仮訳）分類項目名一覧（和英対照）」— 原著：ILO ISCO-08 © International Labour Organization（日本語訳は総務省がILOの許可を得て作成）

原文を見る

以下の定義・作業・職業例は、この職業ではなく、当該ISCO-08職業群についてのILOによる説明です。

Legal and related associate professionals perform support functions in courts of law or in law offices, provide services related to such legal matters as insurance contracts, the transferring of property and the granting of loans and other financial transactions or conduct investigations for clients.

作業

(a) documenting court proceedings and judgements;
(b) serving statements of claims, summonses, warrants, subpoenas and other court orders;
(c) maintaining order in court and hearing rooms;
(d) preparing legal documents including trial briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills and contracts and preparing, papers summarizing legal positions or setting out conditions of loans or insurance;
(e) investigating facts, assembling evidence and researching relevant statutes, decisions and other legal documents to prepare cases;
(f) advising clients on legal matters;
(g) examining documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgements, easements, contracts and maps in order to verify properties’ legal descriptions and ownership;
(h) preparing documents relating to transfer of real estate, stocks or other matters requiring formal registration;
(i) investigating possible cases of theft of goods, money or information from business establishments and of other possible cases of unlawful behaviour by customers or employees;
(j) investigating establishments or the circumstances and behaviour of persons on behalf of clients.

職業例

Bailiff · Conveyancing clerk · Court clerk · Judge’s clerk · Justice of the peace · Law clerk · Legal assistant · Paralegal · Private detective · Title searcher

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 職業語彙

以下の各項目は、公開されているESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（バージョン1、2022年）で、この職業と一つずつ対応付けられたものです。対応の種類はそのクロスウォークによるもので、表現はAI Changing Workによるものです。

title closerESCO 3334.2.1この職業のほうが広い
Title closers handle and investigate all documentation needed for a property sale including the contracts, settlement statements, mortgages, title insurance policies, etc. They ensure compliance with legal requirements and review all the fees related to the real estate sales process.
conveyance clerkESCO 3411.2重なるが同じではない
Conveyance clerks provide services for the legal transference of legal titles and properties from one party to another. They exchange the necessary contracts and ensure all properties, titles and rights are transfered.

出典: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

ライセンス: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

原文を見る

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

フランス職業分類との対応（ROME）

この職業と ROME 4.0 の職業票（fiche）との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。「暫定」と表示した対応は、同じモデル系列（Claude）の二人の判定者による判定のみ、またはその判定に運営者の規則を適用して採用したものであり、確定した対応より根拠が弱くなります。

ROME コード	ROME 名称（フランス語）	関係
K1508	Agent / Agente de conservation des hypothèques	関連（対応ではない）暫定
K1902	Clerc de notaire	関連（対応ではない）暫定
K1912	Formaliste	関連（対応ではない）暫定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

スペイン職業分類との対応（CNO-11）

この職業と CNO-11 の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

CNO-11 コード	CNO-11 名称（スペイン語）	関係
3711	Profesionales de apoyo de servicios jurídicos y servicios similares	この職業のほうが狭い暫定
2591	Notarios y registradores	関連（対応ではない）暫定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

ドイツ職業分類との対応（KldB）

この職業と KldB の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

KldB コード	KldB 名称（ドイツ語）	関係
73112	Assistenzkräfte in Rechtsanwaltskanzlei und Notariat - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten	関連（対応ではない）

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本職業分類との対応（JSCO）

この職業と JSCO の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。

JSCO コード	JSCO 名称（日本語）	関係
175	司法書士	関連（対応ではない）
259	その他の一般事務従事者	関連（対応ではない）

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

このページのデータの出典・ライセンスと AI Changing Work による改変・翻訳の告知：クレジットと出典