Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
Sales and Related Occupations- O*NET-SOC コード
- 41-4011.00
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers where technical or scientific knowledge is required in such areas as biology, engineering, chemistry, and electronics, normally obtained from at least 2 years of postsecondary education.
- データ出典: BLS公表時点: 2026-08
非常に高い· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分（低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い）
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
- データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: 2026-03
0.271
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
SOC 2018の職業単位で公表された値で、同じSOC 2018コードを持つO*NET職業はすべてこの値になります
- データ出典: ILO公表時点: 2025
0.49–0.51· ISCO-08職業グループ3件
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の細分類（4桁）単位で公表された値です。米国労働統計局（BLS）の公式対応表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）を公表どおり適用してこの職業に結び付けており、対応は全部または一部です
この出典がどのような性格の値か
BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。
結び付けたISCO-08グループごとのILO値
- ISCO-08 2433Technical and Medical Sales Professionals (excluding ICT)0.50
- ISCO-08 2434Information and Communications Technology Sales Professionals0.51
- ISCO-08 3322Commercial Sales Representatives0.49
Task-level exposure
非表示の作業 18 件を表示評価済みタスク 36 件 · β ≥ 0.5 のタスク 33 件（91.7%）
β = 直接的な露出（E1）+ 0.5 × ツール利用時の露出（E2）。原典リポジトリの定義に従います。
- 原典の単位：O*NET 27.2 のタスク → O*NET 31.0 の職業コード
- 評価済みタスクのうち 3 件は O*NET 31.0 のタスク一覧になく、O*NET 27.2 基準で公表されたスコアをそのまま残しています。
- 出典
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版
- gh-main-0471612
- ライセンス
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, or credit terms.41-4011.00 | 0.253365.9 | 0.188626.2 |
Study documentation or other information for new scientific or technical products.41-4011.00 | 0.053013.8 | 0.05677.9 |
Select or assist customers in selecting products based on customer needs, product specifications, and applicable regulations.41-4011.00 | 0.03549.2 | 0.01812.5 |
Prepare sales presentations or proposals to explain product specifications or applications.41-4011.00 | 0.01253.3 | 0.02944.1 |
Contact new or existing customers to discuss how specific products or services can meet their needs.41-4011.00 | 0.00792.0 | 0.342447.5 |
Attend sales or trade meetings or read related publications to obtain information about market conditions, business trends, environmental regulations, or industry developments.41-4011.00 | 0.00731.9 | 0.00711.0 |
Visit establishments, such as pharmacies, to determine product sales.41-4011.00 | 0.00471.2 | —0 |
Provide customers with ongoing technical support.41-4011.00 | 0.00270.7 | 0.01522.1 |
Maintain customer records, using automated systems.41-4011.00 | 0.00230.6 | 0.02112.9 |
Compute customer's installation or production costs and estimate savings from new services, products, or equipment.41-4011.00 | 0.00200.5 | —0 |
Advise customers on product usage to improve production.41-4011.00 | 0.00200.5 | —0 |
Collaborate with colleagues to exchange information, such as selling strategies or marketing information.41-4011.00 | 0.00170.4 | 0.00650.9 |
Present information to customers about the energy efficiency or environmental impact of scientific or technical products. | —0 | 0.00981.4 |
Identify prospective customers using business directories, leads from existing clients, participation in organizations, or trade show or conference attendance. | —0 | 0.00691.0 |
Emphasize product features based on analyses of customers' needs and on technical knowledge of product capabilities and limitations. | —0 | 0.00680.9 |
Inform customers of estimated delivery schedules, service contracts, warranties, or other information pertaining to purchased products. | —0 | 0.00510.7 |
Quote prices, credit terms, or other bid specifications. | —0 | 0.00440.6 |
Negotiate prices or terms of sales or service agreements. | —0 | 0.00230.3 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Quote prices, credit terms, or other bid specifications.O*NET Task ID 11238 | 1.0 |
Maintain customer records, using automated systems.O*NET Task ID 11241 | 1.0 |
Complete expense reports, sales reports, or other paperwork.O*NET Task ID 11252 | 1.0 |
Prepare and submit sales contracts for orders.O*NET Task ID 20608 | 1.0 |
Verify accuracy of materials lists.O*NET Task ID 20619 | 1.0 |
Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, or credit terms.O*NET Task ID 11237 | 0.5 |
Emphasize product features, based on analyses of customers' needs and on technical knowledge of product capabilities and limitations.O*NET Task ID 11239 | 0.5 |
Negotiate prices or terms of sales or service agreements.O*NET Task ID 11240 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with colleagues to exchange information, such as selling strategies or marketing information.O*NET Task ID 11245 | 0.5 |
Prepare sales presentations or proposals to explain product specifications or applications.O*NET Task ID 11246 | 0.5 |
Provide customers with ongoing technical support.O*NET Task ID 11248 | 0.5 |
Inform customers of estimated delivery schedules, service contracts, warranties, or other information pertaining to purchased products.O*NET Task ID 11249 | 0.5 |
Provide feedback to product design teams so that products can be tailored to clients' needs.O*NET Task ID 11256 | 0.5 |
Arrange for installation and testing of products or machinery.O*NET Task ID 11257 | 0.5 |
Compute customer's installation or production costs and estimate savings from new services, products, or equipment.O*NET Task ID 11261 | 0.5 |
Consult with engineers regarding technical problems with products.O*NET Task ID 11262 | 0.5 |
Obtain building blueprints or specifications for use by engineering departments in bid preparations.O*NET Task ID 11266 | 0.5 |
Visit establishments, such as pharmacies, to determine product sales.O*NET Task ID 11267 | 0.5 |
Inform customers about issues related to responsible use and disposal of products, such as waste reduction or product or byproduct recycling or disposal.O*NET Task ID 19825 | 0.5 |
Present information to customers about the energy efficiency or environmental impact of scientific or technical products.O*NET Task ID 19826 | 0.5 |
Research and convey information to customers about tax benefits or government rebates associated with energy-efficient scientific or technical products, such as solar panels.O*NET Task ID 19827 | 0.5 |
Sell technical and scientific products that are environmentally sound or designed for environmental remediation.O*NET Task ID 19828 | 0.5 |
Contact new or existing customers to discuss how specific products or services can meet their needs.O*NET Task ID 20609 | 0.5 |
Select or assist customers in selecting products based on customer needs, product specifications, and applicable regulations.O*NET Task ID 20610 | 0.5 |
Verify that delivery schedules meet project deadlines.O*NET Task ID 20611 | 0.5 |
Identify prospective customers, using business directories, leads from existing clients, participation in organizations, or trade show or conference attendance.O*NET Task ID 20612 | 0.5 |
Advise customers on product usage to improve production.O*NET Task ID 20613 | 0.5 |
Study documentation or other information for new scientific or technical products.O*NET Task ID 20614 | 0.5 |
Attend sales or trade meetings or read related publications to obtain information about market conditions, business trends, environmental regulations, or industry developments.O*NET Task ID 20615 | 0.5 |
Sell service contracts for technical or scientific products.O*NET Task ID 20616 | 0.5 |
Initiate sales campaigns to meet sales and production expectations.O*NET Task ID 20618 | 0.5 |
Verify customer credit ratings.O*NET Task ID 20620 | 0.5 |
Appraise equipment to determine contract terms or trade-in values.O*NET Task ID 20621 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（33件）
この職業の O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（英語原文、種別はコア・補足）。露出値はこの一覧には載せず、上の表で各出典が用いた O*NET 版の文言の横にあります。
| タスク（O*NET 31.0） | 種類 |
|---|---|
| Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, or credit terms. | コア |
| Quote prices, credit terms, or other bid specifications. | コア |
| Emphasize product features, based on analyses of customers' needs and on technical knowledge of product capabilities and limitations. | コア |
| Negotiate prices or terms of sales or service agreements. | コア |
| Maintain customer records, using automated systems. | コア |
| Collaborate with colleagues to exchange information, such as selling strategies or marketing information. | コア |
| Prepare sales presentations or proposals to explain product specifications or applications. | コア |
| Provide customers with ongoing technical support. | コア |
| Inform customers of estimated delivery schedules, service contracts, warranties, or other information pertaining to purchased products. | コア |
| Visit establishments to evaluate needs or to promote product or service sales. | コア |
| Complete expense reports, sales reports, or other paperwork. | コア |
| Compute customer's installation or production costs and estimate savings from new services, products, or equipment. | コア |
| Stock or distribute resources, such as samples or promotional or educational materials. | コア |
| Prepare and submit sales contracts for orders. | コア |
| Contact new or existing customers to discuss how specific products or services can meet their needs. | コア |
| Select or assist customers in selecting products based on customer needs, product specifications, and applicable regulations. | コア |
| Verify that delivery schedules meet project deadlines. | コア |
| Identify prospective customers, using business directories, leads from existing clients, participation in organizations, or trade show or conference attendance. | コア |
| Advise customers on product usage to improve production. | コア |
| Study documentation or other information for new scientific or technical products. | コア |
| Attend sales or trade meetings or read related publications to obtain information about market conditions, business trends, environmental regulations, or industry developments. | コア |
| Provide feedback to product design teams so that products can be tailored to clients' needs. | 補足 |
| Arrange for installation and testing of products or machinery. | 補足 |
| Consult with engineers regarding technical problems with products. | 補足 |
| Visit establishments, such as pharmacies, to determine product sales. | 補足 |
| Inform customers about issues related to responsible use and disposal of products, such as waste reduction or product or byproduct recycling or disposal. | 補足 |
| Present information to customers about the energy efficiency or environmental impact of scientific or technical products. | 補足 |
| Sell technical and scientific products that are environmentally sound or designed for environmental remediation. | 補足 |
| Sell service contracts for technical or scientific products. | 補足 |
| Demonstrate the operation or use of technical or scientific products. | 補足 |
| Initiate sales campaigns to meet sales and production expectations. | 補足 |
| Verify accuracy of materials lists. | 補足 |
| Verify customer credit ratings. | 補足 |
0.01/ 3· ロボット露出指数
尺度・母数・出典
身体的なタスクそれぞれに、実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットがこなせる環境に応じて 0–3 の等級を付け（0 不可 · 1 フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのようなロボット専用設備 · 2 病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のような管理された施設 · 3 一般家庭や建設現場のような非定型の環境）、勤務時間に占める割合で平均した値
この職業の O*NET 29.3 タスクのうち身体的なタスクが対象
等級と時間の割合は Anthropic が Claude Opus 5（ウェブ検索）で推定しました（2026年時点）。
ロボット露出指数は、このサイトの AI 露出度とは別の指標であり、足し合わせたり比べたりすることはできません。実際の導入やコスト競争力を示すものではなく、0 には身体的なタスクのない職業も含まれます。
身体的なタスクごとの等級
ロボット環境等級（E0–E3）
E0 ロボット不可詳細
実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットでは、ロボット専用設備でもこなせないと評価
E1 ロボット専用設備詳細
フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのように、機械を中心に作られた設備でこなせると評価
E2 管理された施設詳細
病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のように、機関が作業基準を保っている人の作業施設でこなせると評価
E3 非定型の環境詳細
一般家庭や建設現場のように、作業基準を保つ機関がない環境でこなせると評価
身体的なタスクに分類されたタスクのみを掲載しています。その他のタスクには出典で等級がないため載せていません。
| タスク（O*NET 29.3） | ロボット環境等級 |
|---|---|
| Stock or distribute resources, such as samples or promotional or educational materials. | E1 ロボット専用設備 |
| Demonstrate the operation or use of technical or scientific products. | E0 ロボット不可 |
職業情報
雇用見通し（BLS）
この O*NET 職業だけの値ではなく、SOC 41-4011 グループ（Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products）全体の値です。
- 雇用者数、2025
- 292K
- 雇用者数見通し、2035
- 296K
- 変化率 (2025–35)
- +1.2%
- 年間賃金の中央値、2025
- $104,920
- 入職時に通常必要な学歴
- Bachelor's degree
韓国職業分類との対応（KSCO）
AI Changing Work が作成した Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 現行版の対応です。関係の値は O*NET-SOC 職業の側から読みます。
| KSCO コード | KSCO 名称 | 関係 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28431 | 자동차 부품 기술 영업원 | この職業のほうが広い | 確定 |
| 28432 | 전자 및 통신장비 기술 영업원 | この職業のほうが広い | 確定 |
| 28433 | 의료장비 기술 영업원 | この職業のほうが広い | 確定 |
| 28434 | 농업용 기계장비 기술 영업원 | この職業のほうが広い | 確定 |
| 28436 | 의약품 영업원 | この職業のほうが広い | 確定 |
| 28420 | 해외 영업원 | 重なるが同じではない | 確定 |
| 28490 | 그 외 기술 영업 및 중개 관련 종사원 | 関連（対応ではない） | 確定 |
関係と状態の定義(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO（国際労働機関）の職業説明
以下のISCO-08職業群は、AI Changing Workが米国労働統計局（BLS）の発行するクロスウォーク（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）を個別の選択なしにそのまま適用して、この職業に結び付けたものです。結び付きは全体的な対応の場合も部分的な対応の場合もあります。
- ISCO-08 2433Technical and Medical Sales Professionals (excluding ICT)
技術医療販売専門家（情報通信を除く）
- ISCO-08 2434Information and Communications Technology Sales Professionals
情報通信技術販売専門職
- ISCO-08 3322Commercial Sales Representatives
商業販売外交員
出典: 総務省「国際標準職業分類（ISCO）2008年改定版（仮訳）分類項目名一覧（和英対照）」— 原著：ILO ISCO-08 © International Labour Organization（日本語訳は総務省がILOの許可を得て作成）
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 職業語彙
以下の各項目は、公開されているESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（バージョン1、2022年）で、この職業と一つずつ対応付けられたものです。対応の種類はそのクロスウォークによるもので、表現はAI Changing Workによるものです。
- technical sales representativeESCO 2433.6範囲が同じ
Technical sales representatives act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- client relations managerESCO 2431.6この職業のほうが狭い
Client relations managers act as the middle person between a company and its customers. They ensure that the customers are satisfied by providing them with guidance and explanation on their accounts and services received by the company. They also have possible other tasks such as developing plans or delivering proposals.
- ICT account managerESCO 2434.1この職業のほうが広い
ICT account managers build business relationships with customers to facilitate the sale of hardware, software, telecommunications or ICT services. They also identify opportunities and manage sourcing and delivery of products to customers. They achieve sales targets and maintain profitability.
- medical sales representativeESCO 2433.2この職業のほうが広い
Medical sales representatives promote and sell medical devices, equipment and pharmaceutical products to healthcare professionals. They provide product information and demonstrate features to healthcare professionals. Medical representatives negotiate and close sales contracts.
- technical sales representative in agricultural machinery and equipmentESCO 2433.6.1この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in agricultural machinery and equipment act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in chemical productsESCO 2433.6.2この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in chemical products act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in electronic and telecommunications equipmentESCO 2434.4この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in electronic and telecommunications equipment act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in hardware, plumbing and heating equipmentESCO 2433.6.3この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in hardware, plumbing and heating equipment act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in machinery and industrial equipmentESCO 2433.6.4この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in machinery and industrial equipment act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in mining and construction machineryESCO 2433.6.5この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in mining and construction machinery act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in office machinery and equipmentESCO 2433.6.6この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in office machinery and equipment act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
- technical sales representative in the textile machinery industryESCO 2433.6.7この職業のほうが広い
Technical sales representatives in the textile machinery industry act for a business to sell its merchandise while providing technical insight for customers.
ほか11件
出典: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ライセンス: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
フランス職業分類との対応（ROME）
この職業と ROME 4.0 の職業票（fiche）との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。「暫定」と表示した対応は、同じモデル系列（Claude）の二人の判定者による判定のみ、またはその判定に運営者の規則を適用して採用したものであり、確定した対応より根拠が弱くなります。
| ROME コード | ROME 名称（フランス語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| D1412 | Délégué médical hospitalier / Déléguée médicale hospitalière | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| D1413 | Délégué / Déléguée pharmaceutique | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| M1714 | Chargé / Chargée de l'information promotionnelle du médicament en industrie pharmaceutique | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| D1407 | Technico-commercial / Technico-commerciale | 重なるが同じではない暫定 |
| D1420 | Cadre Technico-commercial / CadreTechnico-commerciale | 重なるが同じではない暫定 |
| D1441 | Technico-commercial / Technico-commerciale de l'industrie et des services nautiques | 関連（対応ではない） |
| J1106 | Responsable médical / Responsable médicale en région (RMR-MSL) en industrie pharmaceutique | 関連（対応ではない） |
| D1405 | Conseiller / Conseillère en information médicale | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
| D1433 | Commercial / Commerciale export | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
スペイン職業分類との対応（CNO-11）
この職業と CNO-11 の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| CNO-11 コード | CNO-11 名称（スペイン語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 2640 | Profesionales de ventas técnicas y médicas (excepto las TIC) | 範囲が同じ |
| 2653 | Profesionales de la venta de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones | この職業のほうが広い |
| 3510 | Agentes y representantes comerciales | 関連（対応ではない） |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
ドイツ職業分類との対応（KldB）
この職業と KldB の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| KldB コード | KldB 名称（ドイツ語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 81883 | Berufe in der Pharmazie (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い |
| 43232 | Berufe im IT-Vertrieb - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| 43233 | Berufe im IT-Vertrieb - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| 61123 | Berufe im Vertrieb (außer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 重なるが同じではない |
| 61124 | Berufe im Vertrieb (außer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 重なるが同じではない暫定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本職業分類との対応（JSCO）
この職業と JSCO の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| JSCO コード | JSCO 名称（日本語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 342 | 化学品営業職業従事者 | この職業のほうが広い |
| 343 | 医薬品営業職業従事者 | この職業のほうが広い |
| 344 | 機械器具営業職業従事者（通信機械器具を除く） | 重なるが同じではない |
| 345 | 通信・システム営業職業従事者 | 重なるが同じではない |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
このページのデータの出典・ライセンスと AI Changing Work による改変・翻訳の告知：クレジットと出典