Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
Task
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Analyze blueprints and other documentation to prepare time, cost, materials, and labor estimates.Details
O*NET Task ID 80
0.5
Assess cost effectiveness of products, projects or services, tracking actual costs relative to bids as the project develops.Details
O*NET Task ID 81
0.5
Consult with clients, vendors, personnel in other departments, or construction foremen to discuss and formulate estimates and resolve issues.Details
O*NET Task ID 82
0.5
Confer with engineers, architects, owners, contractors, and subcontractors on changes and adjustments to cost estimates.Details
O*NET Task ID 83
0.5
Prepare estimates used by management for purposes such as planning, organizing, and scheduling work.Details
O*NET Task ID 84
0.5
Prepare estimates for use in selecting vendors or subcontractors.Details
O*NET Task ID 85
0.5
Review material and labor requirements to decide whether it is more cost-effective to produce or purchase components.Details
O*NET Task ID 86
0.5
Prepare cost and expenditure statements and other necessary documentation at regular intervals for the duration of the project.Details
O*NET Task ID 87
0.5
Prepare and maintain a directory of suppliers, contractors and subcontractors.Details
O*NET Task ID 88
0.5
Set up cost monitoring and reporting systems and procedures.Details
O*NET Task ID 89
0.5
Establish and maintain tendering process, and conduct negotiations.Details
O*NET Task ID 90
0.5
Conduct special studies to develop and establish standard hour and related cost data or to reduce cost.Details
O*NET Task ID 91
0.5
Visit site and record information about access, drainage and topography, and availability of utility services.Details
O*NET Task ID 92
0.5
Collect historical cost data to estimate costs for current or future products.Details
O*NET Task ID 20846
0.5
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
This unit group covers business services agents not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 333: Business Services Agents. For instance, the group includes those who establish business contacts, sell business services such as advertising space in the media, arrange contracts for performances of athletes, entertainers and artists, for the publication of books, the production of plays, or the recording, performance and sale of music, sell property and goods by auction and who design and organize package and group tours.
作業
In such cases tasks would include -
(a) obtaining information about services to be sold and needs of prospective buyers;
(b) negotiating contracts on behalf of seller or buyer and explaining terms of sale and payment to client;
(c) signing agreements on behalf of seller or buyer and ensuring that contract is honoured;
(d) making sure that the business service purchased is made available to the buyer in the agreed format at the agreed time;
(e) selling by auction various kinds of property, cars, commodities, livestock, art, jewellery and other objects.
(f) organizing group tours for business or vacation travel and making bulk travel and accommodation bookings.
Publishing rights managers are responsible for the copyrights of books. They organise the sale of these rights so books can be translated, made into movies, etc.
relocation officerESCO 3339.7
Relocation officers help businesses and organisations with the move of employees. They plan the whole move. Relocation officers advise on real estate. They plan moving services and look after the general well-being of the employees and their family.
promoterESCO 3339.5
Promoters work with artists (or their agents) and venues on to arrange a show. They liaise with bands and agents to agree on a date for a performance and negotiate a deal. They book a venue and promote the upcoming gig. They make sure everything the band needs is in place and set up soundcheck times and the running order of the show. Some promoters work freelance, but they may also be tied to a single venue or festival.
tourism contract negotiatorESCO 3339.9
Tourism contract negotiators negotiate tourism-related contracts between a tour operator and tourism service providers.
intellectual property consultantESCO 3339.4
Intellectual property consultants provide advice on the usage of intellectual property assests such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks. They help clients to value, in monetary terms, intellectual property portfolios, to follow adequate legal procedures for protecting of such property, and to perform patent brokerage activities.
talent agentESCO 3339.8
Talent agents represent artists, authors, performers and athletes. They promote their clients in order to attract prospective employers. Talent agents set up public appearances, auditions and performances. They take care of contract negotiations.
auctioneerESCO 3339.2
Auctioneers conduct auctions by accepting bids and declaring goods sold.
advertising sales agentESCO 3339.1
Advertising sales agents sell advertising space and media time to businesses and individuals. They make sales pitches to potential clients and follow up on after-sales.
出典:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.
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Related occupations
공연·영화 및 음반 기획자
The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.
Projected change: -3.1%
Median wage: $79K
lowest $31Kmedian wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559K
