配管工

建設・メンテナンス・修理

AI露出度

データ出典: BLS公表時点: '26.08
中程度· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分（低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い）
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
出典データセット（XLSX ファイルのダウンロード）
データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: '26.03
0.012
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745
尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
出典データセット
データ出典: ILO公表時点: '25
0.18
0.09ここに掲載された値の範囲0.70
職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の職業小分類単位 — 同じコードの職業はすべて同じ値
当サイトの算出であり、ILOが公表した数値ではありません。当サイトがILOデータセットに結び付けた職業1,012件のうち、この値以上のものは90%です。
出典データセット

この出典がどのような性格の値か

BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。

Task-level exposure

露出のある作業のみ

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Keep records of work assignments. O*NET Task ID 23470	1.0
Lay out full scale drawings of pipe systems, supports, or related equipment, according to blueprints. O*NET Task ID 23460	0.5
Review blueprints, building codes, or specifications to determine work details or procedures. O*NET Task ID 23475	0.5
Estimate time, material, or labor costs for use in project plans. O*NET Task ID 23477	0.5
Inspect work sites for obstructions or holes that could cause structural weakness. O*NET Task ID 23482	0.5
Cut, thread, or hammer pipes to specifications, using tools such as saws, cutting torches, pipe threaders, or pipe benders. O*NET Task ID 23459	0.0
Inspect, examine, or test installed systems or pipe lines, using pressure gauge, hydrostatic testing, observation, or other methods. O*NET Task ID 23461	0.0
Plan pipe system layout, installation, or repair, according to specifications. O*NET Task ID 23462	0.0
Attach pipes to walls, structures, or fixtures, such as radiators or tanks, using brackets, clamps, tools, or welding equipment. O*NET Task ID 23463	0.0
Modify, clean, or maintain pipe systems, units, fittings, or related machines or equipment, using hand or power tools. O*NET Task ID 23464	0.0
Select pipe sizes, types, or related materials, such as supports, hangers, or hydraulic cylinders, according to specifications. O*NET Task ID 23465	0.0
Assemble pipe sections, tubing, or fittings, using couplings, clamps, screws, bolts, cement, plastic solvent, caulking, or soldering, brazing, or welding equipment. O*NET Task ID 23466	0.0
Install pipe assemblies, fittings, valves, appliances such as dishwashers or water heaters, or fixtures such as sinks or toilets, using hand or power tools. O*NET Task ID 23467	0.0
Install automatic controls to regulate pipe systems. O*NET Task ID 23468	0.0
Shut off steam, water, or other gases or liquids from pipe sections, using valve keys or wrenches. O*NET Task ID 23469	0.0
Direct helpers engaged in pipe cutting, preassembly, or installation of plumbing systems or components. O*NET Task ID 23471	0.0
Fill pipes or plumbing fixtures with water or air and observe pressure gauges to detect and locate leaks. O*NET Task ID 23472	0.0
Maintain or repair plumbing by replacing defective washers, replacing or mending broken pipes, or opening clogged drains. O*NET Task ID 23473	0.0
Locate and mark the position of pipe installations, connections, passage holes, or fixtures in structures, using measuring instruments such as rulers or levels. O*NET Task ID 23474	0.0
Anchor steel supports from ceiling joists to hold pipes in place. O*NET Task ID 23476	0.0
Install underground storm, sanitary, or water piping systems, extending piping as needed to connect fixtures and plumbing. O*NET Task ID 23478	0.0
Inspect structures to assess material or equipment needs, to establish the sequence of pipe installations, or to plan installation around obstructions, such as electrical wiring. O*NET Task ID 23479	0.0
Install green plumbing equipment, such as faucet flow restrictors, dual-flush or pressure-assisted flush toilets, or tankless hot water heaters. O*NET Task ID 23480	0.0
Cut openings in structures to accommodate pipes or pipe fittings, using hand or power tools. O*NET Task ID 23481	0.0
Install fixtures, appliances, or equipment designed to reduce water or energy consumption. O*NET Task ID 23483	0.0
Install pipe systems to support alternative energy-fueled systems, such as geothermal heating or cooling systems. O*NET Task ID 23484	0.0
Weld small pipes or special piping, using specialized techniques, equipment, or materials, such as computer-assisted welding or microchip fabrication. O*NET Task ID 23485	0.0
Operate motorized pumps to remove water from flooded manholes, basements, or facility floors. O*NET Task ID 23486	0.0
Repair hydraulic or air pumps. O*NET Task ID 23487	0.0
Repair or remove and replace system components. O*NET Task ID 23488	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information

ILO

ESCO occupational vocabulary

sprinkler fitterESCO 7126.12
Sprinkler fitters are responsible for the installation of fire protection systems that sprinkle water. They connect pipes, tubing and the necessary accessories. Sprinkler system installers also test the systems for leaks.
water network operativeESCO 7126.14
Water network operatives maintain pipes and pumping stations used for water supply, waste water removal and sewerage. They perform planned maintenance and repair tasks and clear blockages in pipes and drains.
water conservation technicianESCO 7126.13
Water conservation technicians install systems to recover, filter, store and distribute water from different sources such as rainwater and domestic greywater.
bathroom fitterESCO 7126.1
Bathroom fitters install bathroom elements. They take the necessary measurements, prepare the room, removing old elements if necessary, and install the new bathroom equipment, including the connection of water, gas and sewage pipes and electricity lines.
drain technicianESCO 7126.2
Drain technicians install and maintain drainage equipment used in sewer systems, such as pipes and valves. They analyse the design and ensure the proper installation of the drainage system, and perform maintenance and repair duties.
irrigation technicianESCO 7126.6
Irrigation technicians specialise in the installation, maintenance and repair of sprinklers, pipes and other irrigation systems. They operate machinery used for irrigation systems handling, and ensure compliance with environmental standards.
sewerage network operativeESCO 7126.10
Sewerage network operatives maintain sewerage systems which remove and transport wastewater and sewerage. They inspect pipes, pumping stations, and mains, looking for leaks or other faults, and repair any problems. They clear blockages, and perform maintenance duties, using network maps and specialised software.
heating engineerESCO 7126.4
Heating engineers install and maintain gas, electric, oil, solid-fuel and multiple fuel heating and ventilation equipment as stand-alone heating and ventilation systems or build into machinery and transport equipment. They follow instructions and blueprints, perform maintance on systems, perform safety checks and repair the systems.
sewer construction workerESCO 7126.11
Sewer construction workers install sewer pipes to transport wastewater out of structures and to a body of water or treatment facility. They dig trenches and insert the pipes, making sure they have correct angle and are connected watertigh. Sewer construction workers also construct other elements of sewage infrastructure, such as manholes, and maintain and repair existing systems.
pipeline maintenance workerESCO 7126.7
Pipeline maintenance workers operate different equipment to keep the suitability of the pipelines. They perform checks for deviations and administer chemicals according to the needs and cleaning aim (e.g. corrosion shunning)
septic tank servicerESCO 7126.9
Septic tank servicers clean and maintain septic systems. They repair damages and faults, and ensure the tanks are cleaned and maintained, operating cleaning and maintenance machinery, in compliance with safety procedures.
gas service technicianESCO 7126.3
Gas service technicians install and maintain gas service appliances and systems in facilities or buildings. They install the equipment in accordance with regulations, repair faults, and investigate leaks and other problems. They test the equipment and advise on the use and care of appliances and systems which use gas energy.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

AI露出度

Task-level exposure

Occupation information

ILO occupational description

ESCO occupational vocabulary