Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers

Código O*NET-SOC: 23-2093.00

Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance documents or details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real estate agencies, or title insurance companies.

Fonte dos dados: BLSPublicado: 2026-08
Alto· relativa
BaixoQuatro faixas relativasMuito alto
Valor por grupo ocupacional
Escala, base e fonte
Quatro faixas relativas (Baixo / Moderado / Alto / Muito alto)
831 ocupações detalhadas da tabela de projeções de emprego do BLS. O valor é atribuído por código da National Employment Matrix (NEM), pelo que as ocupações que partilham um código NEM recebem a mesma banda
Conjunto de dados de origem (transferência XLSX)
Fonte dos dados: AnthropicPublicado: 2026-03
0,022
0,000Intervalo dos valores aqui apresentados0,745
Escala, base e fonte
Índice de exposição observada, 0–1 tal como publicado
Mapeado sobre tarefas O*NET
Publicado por ocupação SOC 2018; toda ocupação O*NET com o mesmo código SOC 2018 recebe este valor
Conjunto de dados de origem (transferência CSV)
Fonte dos dados: ILOPublicado: 2025
0,39
0,09Intervalo dos valores aqui apresentados0,70
Valor por grupo ocupacional
Escala, base e fonte
Índice de exposição à IA generativa, 0–1 tal como publicado
Publicado por grupo de base ISCO-08. Ligado a esta ocupação, total ou parcialmente, aplicando tal como publicadas as tabelas de correspondência do U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (ISCO-08 para SOC 2010, SOC 2010 para SOC 2018)
Conjunto de dados de origem (transferência PDF)

Que tipo de valor esta fonte publica

A categoria de BLS é uma posição relativa, não um nível absoluto, e também não é uma medição de primeira mão: agrupa em quatro faixas as posições percentis da ocupação em vários estudos publicados. Não é uma previsão de emprego ou de salários, não é uma probabilidade de adoção e não distingue automação de aumento.

Task-level exposure

Apenas tarefas expostas

17 tarefas avaliadas · 16 tarefas com β ≥ 0,5 (94,1%)

β = exposição direta (E1) + 0,5 × exposição com ferramentas disponíveis (E2), segundo a definição do repositório de origem.

Unidade de origem: tarefas do O*NET 27.2 → código de ocupação do O*NET 31.0
Todas as tarefas pontuadas constam da lista de tarefas do O*NET 31.0.

Fonte: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Versão: gh-main-0471612
Licença: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures. 23-2093.00	0.019564.8	0.004314.0
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books so that they can be used in examinations, or as proofs or ready reference. 23-2093.00	0.005618.6	0.009129.5
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities, and outlining actions needed to clear titles. 23-2093.00	0.00289.3	0.00154.9
Confer with realtors, lending institution personnel, buyers, sellers, contractors, surveyors, and courthouse personnel to exchange title-related information or to resolve problems. 23-2093.00	0.00227.3	0.00196.2
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles.	—0	0.008828.6
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or update existing ones.	—0	0.003511.4
Examine individual titles to determine if restrictions, such as delinquent taxes, will affect titles and limit property use.	—0	0.00175.5
Not observed on any surface — 10 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Prepare lists of all legal instruments applying to a specific piece of land and the buildings on it.	—0	—0
Examine documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, plat books, maps, contracts, and agreements to verify factors such as properties' legal descriptions, ownership, or restrictions.	—0	—0
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties.	—0	—0
Verify accuracy and completeness of land-related documents accepted for registration, preparing rejection notices when documents are not acceptable.	—0	—0
Direct activities of workers who search records and examine titles, assigning, scheduling, and evaluating work, and providing technical guidance as necessary.	—0	—0
Obtain maps or drawings delineating properties from company title plants, county surveyors, or assessors' offices.	—0	—0
Prepare and issue title commitments and title insurance policies based on information compiled from title searches.	—0	—0
Retrieve and examine real estate closing files for accuracy and to ensure that information included is recorded and executed according to regulations.	—0	—0
Determine whether land-related documents can be registered under the relevant legislation such as the Land Titles Act.	—0	—0
Assess fees related to registration of property-related documents.	—0	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties. O*NET Task ID 9232	1.0
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles. O*NET Task ID 9233	1.0
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or to update existing ones. O*NET Task ID 9238	1.0
Prepare lists of all legal instruments applying to a specific piece of land and the buildings on it. O*NET Task ID 9230	0.5
Examine documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, plat books, maps, contracts, and agreements to verify factors such as properties' legal descriptions, ownership, or restrictions. O*NET Task ID 9231	0.5
Examine individual titles to determine if restrictions, such as delinquent taxes, will affect titles and limit property use. O*NET Task ID 9234	0.5
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities and outlining actions needed to clear titles. O*NET Task ID 9235	0.5
Verify accuracy and completeness of land-related documents accepted for registration, preparing rejection notices when documents are not acceptable. O*NET Task ID 9236	0.5
Direct activities of workers who search records and examine titles, assigning, scheduling, and evaluating work, and providing technical guidance as necessary. O*NET Task ID 9239	0.5
Obtain maps or drawings delineating properties from company title plants, county surveyors, or assessors' offices. O*NET Task ID 9240	0.5
Prepare and issue title commitments and title insurance policies, based on information compiled from title searches. O*NET Task ID 9241	0.5
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books for use in examinations or as proofs or ready reference. O*NET Task ID 9242	0.5
Retrieve and examine real estate closing files for accuracy and to ensure that information included is recorded and executed according to regulations. O*NET Task ID 9243	0.5
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures. O*NET Task ID 9244	0.5
Determine whether land-related documents can be registered under the relevant legislation, such as the Land Titles Act. O*NET Task ID 9245	0.5
Assess fees related to registration of property-related documents. O*NET Task ID 9246	0.5
Ver mais 6 tarefas ▾Ver menos ▴
Confer with realtors, lending institution personnel, buyers, sellers, contractors, surveyors, and courthouse personnel to exchange title-related information or to resolve problems. O*NET Task ID 9237	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Todas as tarefas do O*NET 31.0 (17)

Todas as tarefas do O*NET 31.0 desta ocupação (em inglês, como publicadas; tipo de tarefa principal ou complementar). Os valores de exposição não constam desta lista; estão na tabela acima, ao lado de cada tarefa na redação da versão do O*NET usada por cada fonte.

Tarefa (O*NET 31.0)	Tipo
Prepare lists of all legal instruments applying to a specific piece of land and the buildings on it.	Principal
Examine documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, plat books, maps, contracts, and agreements to verify factors such as properties' legal descriptions, ownership, or restrictions.	Principal
Read search requests to ascertain types of title evidence required and to obtain descriptions of properties and names of involved parties.	Principal
Copy or summarize recorded documents, such as mortgages, trust deeds, and contracts, that affect property titles.	Principal
Examine individual titles to determine if restrictions, such as delinquent taxes, will affect titles and limit property use.	Principal
Prepare reports describing any title encumbrances encountered during searching activities and outlining actions needed to clear titles.	Principal
Verify accuracy and completeness of land-related documents accepted for registration, preparing rejection notices when documents are not acceptable.	Principal
Confer with realtors, lending institution personnel, buyers, sellers, contractors, surveyors, and courthouse personnel to exchange title-related information or to resolve problems.	Principal
Enter into record-keeping systems appropriate data needed to create new title records or to update existing ones.	Principal
Direct activities of workers who search records and examine titles, assigning, scheduling, and evaluating work, and providing technical guidance as necessary.	Principal
Obtain maps or drawings delineating properties from company title plants, county surveyors, or assessors' offices.	Principal
Prepare and issue title commitments and title insurance policies, based on information compiled from title searches.	Principal
Summarize pertinent legal or insurance details, or sections of statutes or case law from reference books for use in examinations or as proofs or ready reference.	Principal
Retrieve and examine real estate closing files for accuracy and to ensure that information included is recorded and executed according to regulations.	Principal
Prepare real estate closing statements, using knowledge and expertise in real estate procedures.	Complementar
Determine whether land-related documents can be registered under the relevant legislation, such as the Land Titles Act.	Complementar
Assess fees related to registration of property-related documents.	Complementar

Perspetivas de emprego (BLS)

Emprego, 2025: 60K
Emprego projetado, 2035: 61K
Variação (2025–35): +2,1%
Salário anual mediano, 2025: $58.650
Escolaridade habitual para ingresso: High school diploma or equivalent

mínimo $30.890faixa do salário mediano de 825 ocupações detalhadas, BLS EP 2025–35máximo $559.030

Fonte: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Ligações à classificação coreana (KSCO)

Ligações da versão atual de Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, elaborado pela AI Changing Work. Os valores de relação são lidos a partir da ocupação O*NET-SOC.

Código KSCO	Nome KSCO	Relação	Estado
27131	법무사	Relacionada, não correspondente	confirmado

Definições de relação e estado(kr-direct v1.1)

Descrição ocupacional da OIT

A AI Changing Work vincula a esta ocupação os grupos de base da ISCO-08 abaixo aplicando, tal como publicadas, as tabelas de correspondência do Bureau of Labor Statistics dos EUA (BLS) (SOC 2018 para SOC 2010, SOC 2010 para ISCO-08), sem seleção caso a caso; cada vínculo pode ser total ou parcial.

ISCO-08 3411Legal and Related Associate Professionals
Técnicos de nível intermédio dos serviços jurídicos e relacionados

Fonte: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

Licença: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

Ver original

A definição, as tarefas e os exemplos abaixo são a descrição da OIT para esse grupo de base, não para esta ocupação.

Legal and related associate professionals perform support functions in courts of law or in law offices, provide services related to such legal matters as insurance contracts, the transferring of property and the granting of loans and other financial transactions or conduct investigations for clients.

Tarefas

(a) documenting court proceedings and judgements;
(b) serving statements of claims, summonses, warrants, subpoenas and other court orders;
(c) maintaining order in court and hearing rooms;
(d) preparing legal documents including trial briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills and contracts and preparing, papers summarizing legal positions or setting out conditions of loans or insurance;
(e) investigating facts, assembling evidence and researching relevant statutes, decisions and other legal documents to prepare cases;
(f) advising clients on legal matters;
(g) examining documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgements, easements, contracts and maps in order to verify properties’ legal descriptions and ownership;
(h) preparing documents relating to transfer of real estate, stocks or other matters requiring formal registration;
(i) investigating possible cases of theft of goods, money or information from business establishments and of other possible cases of unlawful behaviour by customers or employees;
(j) investigating establishments or the circumstances and behaviour of persons on behalf of clients.

Ocupações de exemplo

Bailiff · Conveyancing clerk · Court clerk · Judge’s clerk · Justice of the peace · Law clerk · Legal assistant · Paralegal · Private detective · Title searcher

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

Vocabulário ocupacional ESCO

Cada entrada abaixo está associada a esta ocupação no ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk publicado (versão 1, 2022). Os tipos de correspondência são os dessa tabela; a redação é da AI Changing Work.

Agente de transações imobiliáriasESCO 3334.2.1Esta ocupação é mais ampla
Os agentes de transações imobiliárias tratam e investigam toda a documentação necessária para a venda de um imóvel, incluindo os contratos, declarações de liquidação, hipotecas, apólices de seguro de propriedade, etc. Garantem o cumprimento dos requisitos legais e analisam todas as taxas relacionadas com o processo da venda do imóvel.
Escriturário de registos notariais/Escriturária de registos notariaisESCO 3411.2Sobrepõem-se, não são iguais
Os escriturários de registos notariais prestam serviços para a transferência legal de títulos jurídicos e propriedades de uma parte para outra. Trocam os contratos necessários e asseguram a transferência de todas as propriedades, títulos e direitos.

Fonte: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

Licença: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

Ver original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

Ligações à classificação francesa (ROME)

Ligações entre esta ocupação e fichas ROME 4.0, estabelecidas pela AI Changing Work com modelos de IA. As relações leem-se do lado desta ocupação. As ligações marcadas como «provisório» foram adotadas apenas com base nos julgamentos de dois avaliadores da mesma família de modelos (Claude), ou por uma regra do operador aplicada a esses julgamentos, pelo que se apoiam em evidências mais fracas do que as ligações confirmadas.

Código ROME	Designação ROME (francês)	Relação
K1508	Agent / Agente de conservation des hypothèques	Relacionada, não correspondenteprovisório
K1902	Clerc de notaire	Relacionada, não correspondenteprovisório
K1912	Formaliste	Relacionada, não correspondenteprovisório

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Ligações à classificação espanhola (CNO-11)

Ligações entre esta ocupação e ocupações CNO-11, estabelecidas pela AI Changing Work com modelos de IA. As relações leem-se do lado desta ocupação.

Código CNO-11	Designação CNO-11 (espanhol)	Relação
3711	Profesionales de apoyo de servicios jurídicos y servicios similares	Esta ocupação é mais restritaprovisório
2591	Notarios y registradores	Relacionada, não correspondenteprovisório

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Ligações à classificação alemã (KldB)

Ligações entre esta ocupação e ocupações KldB, estabelecidas pela AI Changing Work com modelos de IA. As relações leem-se do lado desta ocupação.

Código KldB	Designação KldB (alemão)	Relação
73112	Assistenzkräfte in Rechtsanwaltskanzlei und Notariat - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten	Relacionada, não correspondente

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Ligações à classificação japonesa (JSCO)

Ligações entre esta ocupação e ocupações JSCO, estabelecidas pela AI Changing Work com modelos de IA. As relações leem-se do lado desta ocupação.

Código JSCO	Designação JSCO (japonês)	Relação
175	司法書士	Relacionada, não correspondente
259	その他の一般事務従事者	Relacionada, não correspondente

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Fontes de dados e licenças desta página, e avisos de modificação e tradução da AI Changing Work: Créditos e fontes