Architectural and Engineering Managers

Management Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
11-9041.00

Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    高· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.031

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.40

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 21 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 20 项（95.2%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 2 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %APIRaw / share %
Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients.

11-9041.00

0.089471.10.011786.0
Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand.

11-9041.00

0.01098.7—0
Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications.

11-9041.00

0.00604.8—0
Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance.

11-9041.00

0.00554.40.001914.0
Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects.

11-9041.00

0.00423.3—0
Confer with management, production, or marketing staff to discuss project specifications or procedures.

11-9041.00

0.00362.9—0
Prepare budgets, bids, or contracts.

11-9041.00

0.00342.7—0
Review, recommend, or approve contracts or cost estimates.

11-9041.00

0.00282.2—0
Not observed on any surface — 13 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Plan or direct the installation, testing, operation, maintenance, or repair of facilities or equipment.
—0—0
Manage the coordination and overall integration of technical activities in architecture or engineering projects.
—0—0
Direct, review, or approve project design changes.
—0—0
Direct recruitment, placement, and evaluation of architecture or engineering project staff.
—0—0
Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work.
—0—0
Perform administrative functions, such as reviewing or writing reports, approving expenditures, enforcing rules, or purchasing of materials or services.
—0—0
Develop or implement programs to improve sustainability or reduce the environmental impacts of engineering or architecture activities or operations.
—0—0
Evaluate environmental regulations or social pressures related to environmental issues to inform strategic or operational decision-making.
—0—0
Evaluate the environmental impacts of engineering, architecture, or research and development activities.
—0—0
Identify environmental threats or opportunities associated with the development and launch of new technologies.
—0—0
Establish scientific or technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management.
—0—0
Solicit project support by conferring with officials or providing information to the public.
—0—0
Plan, direct, or coordinate survey work with other project activities.
—0—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（19 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Confer with management, production, or marketing staff to discuss project specifications or procedures.核心
Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients.核心
Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications.核心
Develop or implement programs to improve sustainability or reduce the environmental impacts of engineering or architecture activities or operations.核心
Evaluate the environmental impacts of engineering, architecture, or research and development activities.核心
Manage the coordination and overall integration of technical activities in architecture or engineering projects.核心
Direct, review, or approve project design changes.核心
Prepare budgets, bids, or contracts.核心
Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, or market demand.核心
Direct recruitment, placement, and evaluation of architecture or engineering project staff.核心
Review, recommend, or approve contracts or cost estimates.核心
Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work.核心
Perform administrative functions, such as reviewing or writing reports, approving expenditures, enforcing rules, or purchasing of materials or services.核心
Establish scientific or technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management.核心
Plan or direct the installation, testing, operation, maintenance, or repair of facilities or equipment.补充
Evaluate environmental regulations or social pressures related to environmental issues to inform strategic or operational decision-making.补充
Identify environmental threats or opportunities associated with the development and launch of new technologies.补充
Solicit project support by conferring with officials or providing information to the public.补充
Plan, direct, or coordinate survey work with other project activities.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

这些数值属于整个 SOC 11-9041 组（Architectural and engineering managers），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。

就业人数，2025
221K
预计就业人数，2035
233K
变化 (2025–35)
+5.5%
年薪中位数，2025
$171,270
入职通常所需学历
Bachelor's degree
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
13114공학 연구 관리자本职业范围更宽已确认
13501컴퓨터 하드웨어 개발 관리자本职业范围更宽已确认
13119그 외 연구 관리자相关，但不对应已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 1223Research and Development Managers

    研究与开发经理

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Research and development managers plan, direct and coordinate the research and development activities of an enterprise or organization or of enterprises that provide related services to other enterprises and organizations.

任务

  • (a) planning, directing and coordinating research and development activities, in-house or commissioned from external research organizations, to develop new or improved technical processes, products, knowledge, or utilization of materials;
  • (b) planning the overall research and development programme of an enterprise or organization, specifying goals and budgetary requirements;
  • (c) leading and managing the activities of research and development staff;
  • (d) establishing and managing budgets, controlling expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources;
  • (e) establishing and directing operational and administrative procedures;
  • (f) planning and directing daily operations;
  • (g) overseeing the selection, training and performance of staff;
  • (h) representing the enterprise or organization at conventions, seminars and conferences.

职业示例

Product development manager · Research manager

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • aviation communications and frequency coordination managerESCO 1349.5本职业范围更宽

    Aviation communications and frequency coordination managers are in charge of activities and projects aimed to enable the appropriate communication infrastructure that supports the exchange of information between airspace users.

  • aviation surveillance and code coordination managerESCO 1349.6本职业范围更宽

    Aviation surveillance and code coordination manager ensures that all components of surveillance infrastructures, both ground and airborne, operate in a safe, cohesive and interoperable manner.

  • oil and gas production managerESCO 1322.1.2本职业范围更宽

    Oil and gas production managers coordinate and implement short and medium term oil and gas production schedules and plans, such as drilling, extraction operations and waste management. They steer one or more units and oversee the implementation of technical and human means, within the framework of objectives of volume, quality and planning. Oil and gas production managers design and ensure that the production plans and schedules are met.

  • architectESCO 2161.1有重叠，但不相同

    Architects investigate, design, and oversee the construction and development of buildings, urban spaces, infrastructure projects, and social spaces. They design in accordance with the surroundings and regulations applicable in specific geographic areas, taking into account factors that include function, aesthetics, costs, and public health and safety. They are aware of social contexts and environmental factors, which include the relationships between people and buildings, and buildings and the environment. They engage in multidisciplinary projects aimed at developing the social fabric of a geographic area and advancing in social urbanism projects.

  • construction managerESCO 1323.1有重叠，但不相同

    Construction managers are responsible for the planning and coordination of the construction projects. They provide expertise in the design phase of construction projects by facilitating a better estimate of the costs and the functional implications. They participate on bid processes for construction projects and handle subcontractors to deliver the different stages of the construction process from beginning to completion. They strive to enhance the value of the projects both improving efficiency and creating value for customers.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
H1218Responsable de projet recherche et développement本职业范围更宽
H1242Responsable de développement industriel en bioproduction本职业范围更宽
H1206Ingénieur / Ingénieure R&D en industrie相关，但不对应
K1735Architecte système de force, d'arme ou équipement militaire相关，但不对应
M1717Responsable innovation相关，但不对应

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
1223Directores de investigación y desarrollo有重叠，但不相同
1329Directores de otras empresas de servicios profesionales no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes相关，但不对应

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
27194Führungskräfte - Technische Forschung und Entwicklung本职业范围更宽
27294Führungskräfte - Technisches Zeichnen, Konstruktion und Modellbau本职业范围更宽
31194Führungskräfte - Bauplanung und -überwachung, Architektur相关，但不对应
25294Führungskräfte - Fahrzeug-, Luft-, Raumfahrt- und Schiffbautechnik相关，但不对应暂定
27293Aufsichtskräfte - Technisches Zeichnen, Konstruktion und Modellbau相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
031会社管理職員本职业范围更窄

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源