Medical and Health Services Managers

O*NET-SOC 代码: 11-9111.00

Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.066
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.34–0.36· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值

ISCO-08 1342Health Service Managers0.36
ISCO-08 1343Aged Care Service Managers0.34

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 18 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 15 项（83.3%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Develop and maintain computerized record management systems to store and process data such as personnel activities and information, and to produce reports. 11-9111.00	0.038454.6
Develop instructional materials and conduct in-service and community-based educational programs. 11-9111.00	0.022431.8
Maintain awareness of advances in medicine, computerized diagnostic and treatment equipment, data processing technology, government regulations, health insurance changes, and financing options. 11-9111.00	0.00456.4
Prepare activity reports to inform management of the status and implementation plans of programs, services, and quality initiatives. 11-9111.00	0.00344.8
Develop and implement organizational policies and procedures for the facility or medical unit. 11-9111.00	0.00162.3
Not observed on any surface — 13 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Direct, supervise and evaluate work activities of medical, nursing, technical, clerical, service, maintenance, and other personnel.	—0
Establish objectives and evaluative or operational criteria for units they manage.	—0
Direct or conduct recruitment, hiring and training of personnel.	—0
Conduct and administer fiscal operations, including accounting, planning budgets, authorizing expenditures, establishing rates for services, and coordinating financial reporting.	—0
Establish work schedules and assignments for staff, according to workload, space and equipment availability.	—0
Maintain communication between governing boards, medical staff, and department heads by attending board meetings and coordinating interdepartmental functioning.	—0
Monitor the use of diagnostic services, inpatient beds, facilities, and staff to ensure effective use of resources and assess the need for additional staff, equipment, and services.	—0
Manage change in integrated health care delivery systems, such as work restructuring, technological innovations, and shifts in the focus of care.	—0
Plan, implement and administer programs and services in a health care or medical facility, including personnel administration, training, and coordination of medical, nursing and physical plant staff.	—0
Consult with medical, business, and community groups to discuss service problems, respond to community needs, enhance public relations, coordinate activities and plans, and promote health programs.	—0
Inspect facilities and recommend building or equipment modifications to ensure emergency readiness and compliance to access, safety, and sanitation regulations.	—0
Review and analyze facility activities and data to aid planning and cash and risk management and to improve service utilization.	—0
Develop or expand and implement medical programs or health services that promote research, rehabilitation, and community health.	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Direct, supervise and evaluate work activities of medical, nursing, technical, clerical, service, maintenance, and other personnel. O*NET Task ID 46	0.5
Establish objectives and evaluative or operational criteria for units managed. O*NET Task ID 47	0.5
Direct or conduct recruitment, hiring, and training of personnel. O*NET Task ID 48	0.5
Develop and maintain computerized record management systems to store and process data, such as personnel activities and information, and to produce reports. O*NET Task ID 49	0.5
Develop and implement organizational policies and procedures for the facility or medical unit. O*NET Task ID 50	0.5
Conduct and administer fiscal operations, including accounting, planning budgets, authorizing expenditures, establishing rates for services, and coordinating financial reporting. O*NET Task ID 51	0.5
Establish work schedules and assignments for staff, according to workload, space, and equipment availability. O*NET Task ID 52	0.5
Monitor the use of diagnostic services, inpatient beds, facilities, and staff to ensure effective use of resources and assess the need for additional staff, equipment, and services. O*NET Task ID 54	0.5
Maintain awareness of advances in medicine, computerized diagnostic and treatment equipment, data processing technology, government regulations, health insurance changes, and financing options. O*NET Task ID 55	0.5
Manage change in integrated health care delivery systems, such as work restructuring, technological innovations, and shifts in the focus of care. O*NET Task ID 56	0.5
Prepare activity reports to inform management of the status and implementation plans of programs, services, and quality initiatives. O*NET Task ID 57	0.5
Plan, implement, and administer programs and services in a health care or medical facility, including personnel administration, training, and coordination of medical, nursing and physical plant staff. O*NET Task ID 58	0.5
Review and analyze facility activities and data to aid planning and cash and risk management and to improve service utilization. O*NET Task ID 61	0.5
Develop or expand and implement medical programs or health services that promote research, rehabilitation, and community health. O*NET Task ID 62	0.5
Develop instructional materials and conduct in-service and community-based educational programs. O*NET Task ID 63	0.5
再显示 5 项工作 ▾收起 ▴
Maintain communication between governing boards, medical staff, and department heads by attending board meetings and coordinating interdepartmental functioning. O*NET Task ID 53	0.0
Consult with medical, business, and community groups to discuss service problems, respond to community needs, enhance public relations, coordinate activities and plans, and promote health programs. O*NET Task ID 59	0.0
Inspect facilities and recommend building or equipment modifications to ensure emergency readiness and compliance to access, safety, and sanitation regulations. O*NET Task ID 60	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（18 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Direct, supervise and evaluate work activities of medical, nursing, technical, clerical, service, maintenance, and other personnel.	核心
Establish objectives and evaluative or operational criteria for units managed.	核心
Direct or conduct recruitment, hiring, and training of personnel.	核心
Develop and maintain computerized record management systems to store and process data, such as personnel activities and information, and to produce reports.	核心
Develop and implement organizational policies and procedures for the facility or medical unit.	核心
Conduct and administer fiscal operations, including accounting, planning budgets, authorizing expenditures, establishing rates for services, and coordinating financial reporting.	核心
Establish work schedules and assignments for staff, according to workload, space, and equipment availability.	核心
Maintain communication between governing boards, medical staff, and department heads by attending board meetings and coordinating interdepartmental functioning.	核心
Monitor the use of diagnostic services, inpatient beds, facilities, and staff to ensure effective use of resources and assess the need for additional staff, equipment, and services.	核心
Maintain awareness of advances in medicine, computerized diagnostic and treatment equipment, data processing technology, government regulations, health insurance changes, and financing options.	核心
Manage change in integrated health care delivery systems, such as work restructuring, technological innovations, and shifts in the focus of care.	核心
Prepare activity reports to inform management of the status and implementation plans of programs, services, and quality initiatives.	核心
Plan, implement, and administer programs and services in a health care or medical facility, including personnel administration, training, and coordination of medical, nursing and physical plant staff.	核心
Consult with medical, business, and community groups to discuss service problems, respond to community needs, enhance public relations, coordinate activities and plans, and promote health programs.	核心
Review and analyze facility activities and data to aid planning and cash and risk management and to improve service utilization.	核心
Develop or expand and implement medical programs or health services that promote research, rehabilitation, and community health.	核心
Develop instructional materials and conduct in-service and community-based educational programs.	核心
Inspect facilities and recommend building or equipment modifications to ensure emergency readiness and compliance to access, safety, and sanitation regulations.	补充

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.00/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Inspect facilities and recommend building or equipment modifications to ensure emergency readiness and compliance to access, safety, and sanitation regulations.	E0 机器人不可

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025: 640K
预计就业人数，2035: 796K
变化 (2025–35): +24.2%
年薪中位数，2025: $123,860
入职通常所需学历: Bachelor's degree

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
13310	보건 의료 관련 관리자	范围相同	已确认
24970	환자안전 관리사	相关，但不对应	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 1342Health Service Managers
卫生服务经理
ISCO-08 1343Aged Care Service Managers
老年人照护服务经理

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

healthcare institution managerESCO 1342.2范围相同
Healthcare institution managers supervise the operations of healthcare institutions, such as hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, home care services and elderly care institutions to ensure the organisation meets requirements, the patients and residents are cared for, the organisation is maintained and the necessary equipment present. They also supervise the staff and ensure record maintenance.
elderly home managerESCO 1343.1本职业范围更宽
Elderly home managers oversee, plan, organise and evaluate the provision of elderly care services for people who are in need of these services due to the effects of ageing. They manage the elderly care home and supervise the activities of the staff.
medical practice managerESCO 3344.3有重叠，但不相同
Medical practice managers manage the day-to-day operations of a medical practice. They oversee the staff and business side of the practice.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
J1509	Responsable de secteur coordinateur / Responsable de secteur coordinatrice	本职业范围更宽
K1415	Directeur / Directrice d'établissement privé de santé	本职业范围更宽暂定
K1421	Directeur / Directrice de centre hospitalier	本职业范围更宽暂定
M1212	Gestionnaire de lits	本职业范围更宽暂定
J1502	Cadre de santé d'unité de soins ou de service paramédical	有重叠，但不相同暂定
J1204	Directeur / Directrice de laboratoire d'analyses de biologie médicale	相关，但不对应
H1105	Chef de projets santé / Cheffe de projets santé	相关，但不对应暂定
K1403	Directeur / Directrice d'établissement pour personnes âgées	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
1323	Directores-gerentes de centros sanitarios	范围相同暂定
1324	Directores de servicios sociales para personas mayores	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
81394	Führungskräfte - Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege, Rettungsdienst und Geburtshilfe	本职业范围更宽
81494	Führungskräfte - Human- und Zahnmedizin	本职业范围更宽暂定
82194	Führungskräfte - Altenpflege	本职业范围更宽暂定
73224	Verwaltende Berufe im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	有重叠，但不相同
73294	Führungskräfte - Verwaltung	相关，但不对应
73223	Verwaltende Berufe im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应暂定
81294	Führungskräfte - Medizinisches Laboratorium	相关，但不对应暂定
81594	Führungskräfte - Tiermedizin und Tierheilkunde	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
121	医師	相关，但不对应
039	その他の法人・団体管理職員	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源