Computer Systems Engineers/Architects

Computer and Mathematical Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
15-1299.08

Design and develop solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    很高· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.311

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.43–0.55· ISCO-08 职业组 3 个

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
  • ISCO-08 2519Software and Applications Developers and Analysts Not Elsewhere Classified0.55
  • ISCO-08 2529Database and Network Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified0.49
  • ISCO-08 3511Information and Communications Technology Operations Technicians0.43

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 28 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 28 项（100.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

以下为 O*NET-SOC 2010 职业 15-1199.02 Computer Systems Engineers/Architects 的工作任务，由本站依据 O*NET-SOC 2010→2019 官方对照表关联到此职业

Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %APIRaw / share %
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.

15-1199.02

0.183823.90.02021.3
Configure servers to meet functional specifications.

15-1199.02

0.159720.80.209813.5
Develop application-specific software.

15-1199.02

0.108414.10.14049.1
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.

15-1199.02

0.07599.91.068469.0
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.

15-1199.02

0.07219.40.04973.2
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.

15-1199.02

0.04545.90.01140.7
Provide guidelines for implementing secure systems to customers or installation teams.

15-1199.02

0.02333.00.00580.4
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.

15-1199.02

0.01862.40.01761.1
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.

15-1199.02

0.01812.4—0
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.

15-1199.02

0.01421.80.00670.4
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.

15-1199.02

0.01041.40.00610.4
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.

15-1199.02

0.00831.10.00490.3
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.

15-1199.02

0.00710.9—0
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.

15-1199.02

0.00590.80.00460.3
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.

15-1199.02

0.00560.7—0
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.

15-1199.02

0.00520.70.00190.1
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.

15-1199.02

0.00340.40.00190.1
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.

15-1199.02

0.00220.3—0
Not observed on any surface — 10 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.
—0—0
Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.
—0—0
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes and make recommendations regarding component use.
—0—0
Design and conduct hardware or software tests.
—0—0
Establish functional or system standards to ensure operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints are addressed.
—0—0
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.
—0—0
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports or white papers.
—0—0
Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.
—0—0
Train system users in system operation or maintenance.
—0—0
Develop efficient and effective system controllers.
—0—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（28 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.核心
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.核心
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.核心
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.核心
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.核心
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.核心
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.核心
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.核心
Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems.核心
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.核心
Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.核心
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use.核心
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.核心
Configure servers to meet functional specifications.核心
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.核心
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.核心
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.核心
Design and conduct hardware or software tests.核心
Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints.核心
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.核心
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.核心
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers.核心
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.核心
Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.核心
Train system users in system operation or maintenance.核心
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.核心
Develop efficient and effective system controllers.核心
Develop application-specific software.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

这些数值属于整个 SOC 15-1299 组（Computer occupations, all other），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。

就业人数，2025
471K
预计就业人数，2035
495K
变化 (2025–35)
+5.1%
年薪中位数，2025
$116,580
入职通常所需学历
Bachelor's degree
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
22213컴퓨터 시스템 설계 및 분석가范围相同已确认
22211정보통신기술 컨설턴트相关，但不对应已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 2519Software and Applications Developers and Analysts Not Elsewhere Classified

    其他未列明的软件和应用开发人员及分析师

  • ISCO-08 2529Database and Network Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified

    其他未列明的数据库和网络专业人员

  • ISCO-08 3511Information and Communications Technology Operations Technicians

    信息和通信技术运行技术员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • ICT system architectESCO 2511.13范围相同

    ICT system architects design architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a multi-components system to meet specified requirements.

  • enterprise architectESCO 2511.5本职业范围更宽

    Enterprise architects balance technological opportunities with business requirements. They also maintain a holistic view of the organisation's strategy, processes, information and ICT assets and link the business mission, strategy and processes to the ICT strategy.

  • ICT network engineerESCO 2523.3本职业范围更宽

    ICT network engineers implement, maintain and support computer networks. They also perform network modelling, analysis, and planning. They may also design network and computer security measures. They may research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software.

  • integration engineerESCO 2511.16本职业范围更宽

    Integration engineers develop and implement solutions which coordinate applications across the enterprise or its units and departments. They evaluate existing components or systems to determine integration requirements and ensure that the final solutions meet organisational needs. They reuse components when possible and assist management in taking decisions. They perform ICT system integration troubleshooting.

  • software architectESCO 2512.2本职业范围更宽

    Software architects create the technical design and the functional model of a software system, based on functional specifications. They also design the architecture of the system or different modules and components related to the business' or customer requirements, technical platform, computer language or development environment.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
M1857Urbaniste Datacenter本职业范围更宽
M1884Ingénieur / Ingénieure systèmes, réseaux et sécurité informatique本职业范围更宽
M1835Architecte systèmes et réseaux des territoires connectés本职业范围更宽暂定
M1838Urbaniste des systèmes d'information本职业范围更宽暂定
M1839Architecte systèmes et réseaux本职业范围更宽暂定
M1860Architecte cloud本职业范围更宽暂定
M1879Ingénieur / Ingénieure Cloud computing本职业范围更宽暂定
M1802Expert / Experte systèmes et réseaux informatiques有重叠，但不相同暂定
M1850Architecte multimédias interactifs相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
2711Analistas de sistemas本职业范围更窄暂定
2723Analistas de redes informáticas相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
43214Berufe in der IT-Systemanalyse - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
43414Berufe in der Softwareentwicklung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
43314Berufe in der IT-Netzwerktechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
102システム設計者本职业范围更窄暂定
105システム運用管理者相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源