Electronics Engineers, Except Computer
Architecture and Engineering Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 17-2072.00
Research, design, develop, or test electronic components and systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use employing knowledge of electronic theory and materials properties. Design electronic circuits and components for use in fields such as telecommunications, aerospace guidance and propulsion control, acoustics, or instruments and controls.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.100
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.42–0.48· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 2152Electronics Engineers0.42
- ISCO-08 2153Telecommunications Engineers0.48
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 21 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 18 项（85.7%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Design electronic components, software, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, or scientific applications.17-2072.00 | 0.014437.2 | 0.007134.2 |
Provide technical support or instruction to staff or customers regarding electronics equipment standards.17-2072.00 | 0.009624.9 | 0.011053.1 |
Analyze electronics system requirements, capacity, cost, or customer needs to determine project feasibility.17-2072.00 | 0.009524.6 | 0.002612.8 |
Prepare necessary criteria, procedures, reports, or plans for successful conduct of the project with consideration given to site preparation, facility validation, installation, quality assurance, or testing.17-2072.00 | 0.00328.3 | —0 |
Prepare, review, or maintain maintenance schedules, design documentation, or operational reports or charts.17-2072.00 | 0.00205.1 | —0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 17 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Prepare documentation containing information such as confidential descriptions or specifications of proprietary hardware or software, product development or introduction schedules, product costs, or information about product performance weaknesses. | —0 | —0 |
Direct or coordinate activities concerned with manufacture, construction, installation, maintenance, operation, or modification of electronic equipment, products, or systems. | —0 | —0 |
Develop or perform operational, maintenance, or testing procedures for electronic products, components, equipment, or systems. | —0 | —0 |
Plan or develop applications or modifications for electronic properties used in components, products, or systems to improve technical performance. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare engineering sketches or specifications for construction, relocation, or installation of equipment, facilities, products, or systems. | —0 | —0 |
Determine project material or equipment needs. | —0 | —0 |
Evaluate project work to ensure effectiveness, technical adequacy, or compatibility in the resolution of complex electronics engineering problems. | —0 | —0 |
Confer with engineers, customers, vendors, or others to discuss existing or potential electronics engineering projects or products. | —0 | —0 |
Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform electronics engineering tasks. | —0 | —0 |
Recommend repair or design modifications of electronics components or systems, based on factors such as environment, service, cost, or system capabilities. | —0 | —0 |
Inspect electronic equipment, instruments, products, or systems to ensure conformance to specifications, safety standards, or applicable codes or regulations. | —0 | —0 |
Represent employer at conferences, meetings, boards, panels, committees, or working groups to present, explain, or defend findings or recommendations, negotiate compromises or agreements, or exchange information. | —0 | —0 |
Develop solar photovoltaic products, such as inverters or energy management systems. | —0 | —0 |
Investigate green consumer electronics applications for consumer electronic devices, power saving devices for computers or televisions, or energy efficient power chargers. | —0 | —0 |
Research or develop electronics technologies for use in electric-drive vehicles. | —0 | —0 |
Research or develop new green electronics technologies, such as lighting, optical data storage devices, or energy efficient televisions. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare budget or cost estimates for equipment, construction, or installation projects or control expenditures. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Prepare documentation containing information such as confidential descriptions or specifications of proprietary hardware or software, product development or introduction schedules, product costs, or information about product performance weaknesses.O*NET Task ID 5348 | 1.0 |
Develop or perform operational, maintenance, or testing procedures for electronic products, components, equipment, or systems.O*NET Task ID 5350 | 1.0 |
Prepare, review, or maintain maintenance schedules, design documentation, or operational reports or charts.O*NET Task ID 5354 | 1.0 |
Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform electronics engineering tasks.O*NET Task ID 20497 | 1.0 |
Recommend repair or design modifications of electronics components or systems, based on factors such as environment, service, cost, or system capabilities.O*NET Task ID 20498 | 1.0 |
Design electronic components, software, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, or scientific applications.O*NET Task ID 5339 | 0.5 |
Direct or coordinate activities concerned with manufacture, construction, installation, maintenance, operation, or modification of electronic equipment, products, or systems.O*NET Task ID 5349 | 0.5 |
Plan or develop applications or modifications for electronic properties used in components, products, or systems to improve technical performance.O*NET Task ID 5351 | 0.5 |
Prepare engineering sketches or specifications for construction, relocation, or installation of equipment, facilities, products, or systems.O*NET Task ID 5352 | 0.5 |
Prepare necessary criteria, procedures, reports, or plans for successful conduct of the project with consideration given to site preparation, facility validation, installation, quality assurance, or testing.O*NET Task ID 5355 | 0.5 |
Investigate green consumer electronics applications for consumer electronic devices, power saving devices for computers or televisions, or energy efficient power chargers.O*NET Task ID 19621 | 0.5 |
Research or develop electronics technologies for use in electric-drive vehicles.O*NET Task ID 19622 | 0.5 |
Research or develop new green electronics technologies, such as lighting, optical data storage devices, or energy efficient televisions.O*NET Task ID 19623 | 0.5 |
Determine project material or equipment needs.O*NET Task ID 20493 | 0.5 |
Evaluate project work to ensure effectiveness, technical adequacy, or compatibility in the resolution of complex electronics engineering problems.O*NET Task ID 20494 | 0.5 |
Analyze electronics system requirements, capacity, cost, or customer needs to determine project feasibility.O*NET Task ID 20495 | 0.5 |
Provide technical support or instruction to staff or customers regarding electronics equipment standards.O*NET Task ID 20499 | 0.5 |
Prepare budget or cost estimates for equipment, construction, or installation projects or control expenditures.O*NET Task ID 20500 | 0.5 |
Inspect electronic equipment, instruments, products, or systems to ensure conformance to specifications, safety standards, or applicable codes or regulations.O*NET Task ID 5346 | 0.0 |
Represent employer at conferences, meetings, boards, panels, committees, or working groups to present, explain, or defend findings or recommendations, negotiate compromises or agreements, or exchange information.O*NET Task ID 5357 | 0.0 |
Confer with engineers, customers, vendors, or others to discuss existing or potential electronics engineering projects or products.O*NET Task ID 20496 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（20 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Design electronic components, software, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, or scientific applications. | 核心 |
| Inspect electronic equipment, instruments, products, or systems to ensure conformance to specifications, safety standards, or applicable codes or regulations. | 核心 |
| Prepare documentation containing information such as confidential descriptions or specifications of proprietary hardware or software, product development or introduction schedules, product costs, or information about product performance weaknesses. | 核心 |
| Direct or coordinate activities concerned with manufacture, construction, installation, maintenance, operation, or modification of electronic equipment, products, or systems. | 核心 |
| Develop or perform operational, maintenance, or testing procedures for electronic products, components, equipment, or systems. | 核心 |
| Prepare, review, or maintain maintenance schedules, design documentation, or operational reports or charts. | 核心 |
| Determine project material or equipment needs. | 核心 |
| Evaluate project work to ensure effectiveness, technical adequacy, or compatibility in the resolution of complex electronics engineering problems. | 核心 |
| Analyze electronics system requirements, capacity, cost, or customer needs to determine project feasibility. | 核心 |
| Confer with engineers, customers, vendors, or others to discuss existing or potential electronics engineering projects or products. | 核心 |
| Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform electronics engineering tasks. | 核心 |
| Recommend repair or design modifications of electronics components or systems, based on factors such as environment, service, cost, or system capabilities. | 核心 |
| Provide technical support or instruction to staff or customers regarding electronics equipment standards. | 核心 |
| Plan or develop applications or modifications for electronic properties used in components, products, or systems to improve technical performance. | 补充 |
| Prepare engineering sketches or specifications for construction, relocation, or installation of equipment, facilities, products, or systems. | 补充 |
| Prepare necessary criteria, procedures, reports, or plans for successful conduct of the project with consideration given to site preparation, facility validation, installation, quality assurance, or testing. | 补充 |
| Represent employer at conferences, meetings, boards, panels, committees, or working groups to present, explain, or defend findings or recommendations, negotiate compromises or agreements, or exchange information. | 补充 |
| Investigate green consumer electronics applications for consumer electronic devices, power saving devices for computers or televisions, or energy efficient power chargers. | 补充 |
| Research or develop new green electronics technologies, such as lighting, optical data storage devices, or energy efficient televisions. | 补充 |
| Prepare budget or cost estimates for equipment, construction, or installation projects or control expenditures. | 补充 |
0.10/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Inspect electronic equipment, instruments, products, or systems to ensure conformance to specifications, safety standards, or applicable codes or regulations. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Develop or perform operational, maintenance, or testing procedures for electronic products, components, equipment, or systems. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
这些数值属于整个 SOC 17-2072 组（Electronics engineers, except computer），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。
- 就业人数，2025
- 98K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 102K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +3.7%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $130,220
- 入职通常所需学历
- Bachelor's degree
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22121 | 통신기기 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 22122 | 통신장비 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 23421 | 메모리반도체 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 23422 | 시스템반도체 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 23431 | 전자제품 개발 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 23432 | 전자계측 제어 기술자 및 연구원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 2152Electronics Engineers
电子工程师
- ISCO-08 2153Telecommunications Engineers
电信工程师
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- electronics engineerESCO 2152.1范围相同
Electronic engineers research, design, and develop electronic systems such as circuits, semiconductor devices, and equipment that use electricity as a source of power. They work with capacitators, transistors, diodes or resistors to create electronic circuits and applications of use in fields such as telecommunications, acoustics, instruments, and control.
- electronics engineering technicianESCO 3114.1本职业范围更宽
Electronics engineering technicians work closely with electronics engineers in the development of electronic equipment and devices. Electronics engineering technicians are responsible for building, testing, and maintaining electronic devices.
- integrated circuit design engineerESCO 2152.1.6.1本职业范围更宽
Integrated circuit design engineers design the layout for integrated circuits according to electronics engineering principles. They use software to create design schematics and diagrams.
- microelectronics engineerESCO 2152.1.6本职业范围更宽
Microelectronics engineers design, develop, and supervise the production of small electronic devices and components such as micro-processors and integrated circuits.
- sensor engineerESCO 2152.1.10本职业范围更宽
Sensor engineers design and develop sensors, sensor systems and products that are equipped with sensors. They plan and monitor the manufacture of these products.
- sensor engineering technicianESCO 3114.1.9本职业范围更宽
Sensor engineering technicians collaborate with sensor engineers in the development of sensors, sensor systems, and products that are equipped with sensors. Their role is to build, test, maintain, and repair the sensor equipment.
- electromagnetic engineerESCO 2151.1.2有重叠，但不相同
Electromagnetic engineers design and develop electromagnetic systems, devices, and components, such as electromagnets in loudspeakers, electromagnetic locks, conducting magnets in MRI's, and magnets in electric motors.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| H1206 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure R&D en industrie | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| H2502 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure de production | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| M1804 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure télécoms et environnement | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 2442 | Ingenieros electrónicos | 本职业范围更宽 |
| 2472 | Ingenieros técnicos en electrónica | 本职业范围更宽 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 26334 | Berufe in der Luftverkehrs-, Schiffs- und Fahrzeugelektronik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| 51234 | Berufe in der Flugsicherungstechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| 26304 | Berufe in der Elektrotechnik (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 26314 | Berufe in der Informations- und Telekommunikationstechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 26324 | Berufe in der Mikrosystemtechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
| 82534 | Berufe in der Hörgeräteakustik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 072 | 電気・電子・電気通信技術者（通信ネットワーク技術者を除く）（開発） | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 082 | 電気・電子・電気通信技術者（通信ネットワーク技術者を除く）（開発を除く） | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源