Marine Engineers and Naval Architects
Architecture and Engineering Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 17-2121.00
Design, develop, and evaluate the operation of marine vessels, ship machinery, and related equipment, such as power supply and propulsion systems.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.036
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.32
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 30 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 22 项（73.3%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Maintain records of engineering department activities, including expense records and details of equipment maintenance and repairs.O*NET Task ID 21902 | 1.0 |
Prepare technical reports for use by engineering, management, or sales personnel.O*NET Task ID 21905 | 1.0 |
Confer with research personnel to clarify or resolve problems and to develop or modify designs.O*NET Task ID 21909 | 1.0 |
Design complete hull and superstructure according to specifications and test data, in conformity with standards of safety, efficiency, and economy.O*NET Task ID 21887 | 0.5 |
Study design proposals and specifications to establish basic characteristics of craft, such as size, weight, speed, propulsion, displacement, and draft.O*NET Task ID 21889 | 0.5 |
Perform monitoring activities to ensure that ships comply with international regulations and standards for life-saving equipment and pollution preventatives.O*NET Task ID 21890 | 0.5 |
Oversee construction and testing of prototype in model basin and develop sectional and waterline curves of hull to establish center of gravity, ideal hull form, and buoyancy and stability data.O*NET Task ID 21891 | 0.5 |
Evaluate performance of craft during dock and sea trials to determine design changes and conformance with national and international standards.O*NET Task ID 21892 | 0.5 |
Prepare plans, estimates, design and construction schedules, and contract specifications, including any special provisions.O*NET Task ID 21893 | 0.5 |
Design layout of craft interior, including cargo space, passenger compartments, ladder wells, and elevators.O*NET Task ID 21895 | 0.5 |
Act as liaisons between ships' captains and shore personnel to ensure that schedules and budgets are maintained, and that ships are operated safely and efficiently.O*NET Task ID 21897 | 0.5 |
Inspect marine equipment and machinery to draw up work requests and job specifications.O*NET Task ID 21899 | 0.5 |
Prepare, or direct the preparation of, product or system layouts and detailed drawings and schematics.O*NET Task ID 21900 | 0.5 |
Investigate and observe tests on machinery and equipment for compliance with standards.O*NET Task ID 21901 | 0.5 |
Coordinate activities with regulatory bodies to ensure repairs and alterations are at minimum cost and consistent with safety.O*NET Task ID 21903 | 0.5 |
Maintain contact with, and formulate reports for, contractors and clients to ensure completion of work at minimum cost.O*NET Task ID 21907 | 0.5 |
Conduct analytical, environmental, operational, or performance studies to develop designs for products, such as marine engines, equipment, and structures.O*NET Task ID 21910 | 0.5 |
Determine conditions under which tests are to be conducted, as well as sequences and phases of test operations.O*NET Task ID 21911 | 0.5 |
Review work requests and compare them with previous work completed on ships to ensure that costs are economically sound.O*NET Task ID 21912 | 0.5 |
Analyze data to determine feasibility of product proposals.O*NET Task ID 21913 | 0.5 |
Schedule machine overhauls and the servicing of electrical, heating, ventilation, refrigeration, water, and sewage systems.O*NET Task ID 21914 | 0.5 |
Conduct analyses of ships, such as stability, structural, weight, and vibration analyses.O*NET Task ID 21915 | 0.5 |
Supervise other engineers and crew members and train them for routine and emergency duties.O*NET Task ID 21888 | 0.0 |
Check, test, and maintain automatic controls and alarm systems.O*NET Task ID 21894 | 0.0 |
Evaluate operation of marine equipment during acceptance testing and shakedown cruises.O*NET Task ID 21896 | 0.0 |
Conduct environmental, operational, or performance tests on marine machinery and equipment.O*NET Task ID 21898 | 0.0 |
Design and oversee testing, installation, and repair of marine apparatus and equipment.O*NET Task ID 21904 | 0.0 |
Procure materials needed to repair marine equipment and machinery.O*NET Task ID 21906 | 0.0 |
Maintain and coordinate repair of marine machinery and equipment for installation on vessels.O*NET Task ID 21908 | 0.0 |
Establish arrangement of boiler room equipment and propulsion machinery, heating and ventilating systems, refrigeration equipment, piping, and other functional equipment.O*NET Task ID 21916 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（30 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Design complete hull and superstructure according to specifications and test data, in conformity with standards of safety, efficiency, and economy. | 核心 |
| Study design proposals and specifications to establish basic characteristics of craft, such as size, weight, speed, propulsion, displacement, and draft. | 核心 |
| Perform monitoring activities to ensure that ships comply with international regulations and standards for life-saving equipment and pollution preventatives. | 核心 |
| Evaluate performance of craft during dock and sea trials to determine design changes and conformance with national and international standards. | 核心 |
| Prepare plans, estimates, design and construction schedules, and contract specifications, including any special provisions. | 核心 |
| Check, test, and maintain automatic controls and alarm systems. | 核心 |
| Design layout of craft interior, including cargo space, passenger compartments, ladder wells, and elevators. | 核心 |
| Evaluate operation of marine equipment during acceptance testing and shakedown cruises. | 核心 |
| Conduct environmental, operational, or performance tests on marine machinery and equipment. | 核心 |
| Inspect marine equipment and machinery to draw up work requests and job specifications. | 核心 |
| Prepare, or direct the preparation of, product or system layouts and detailed drawings and schematics. | 核心 |
| Investigate and observe tests on machinery and equipment for compliance with standards. | 核心 |
| Coordinate activities with regulatory bodies to ensure repairs and alterations are at minimum cost and consistent with safety. | 核心 |
| Design and oversee testing, installation, and repair of marine apparatus and equipment. | 核心 |
| Prepare technical reports for use by engineering, management, or sales personnel. | 核心 |
| Maintain contact with, and formulate reports for, contractors and clients to ensure completion of work at minimum cost. | 核心 |
| Confer with research personnel to clarify or resolve problems and to develop or modify designs. | 核心 |
| Conduct analytical, environmental, operational, or performance studies to develop designs for products, such as marine engines, equipment, and structures. | 核心 |
| Determine conditions under which tests are to be conducted, as well as sequences and phases of test operations. | 核心 |
| Review work requests and compare them with previous work completed on ships to ensure that costs are economically sound. | 核心 |
| Analyze data to determine feasibility of product proposals. | 核心 |
| Conduct analyses of ships, such as stability, structural, weight, and vibration analyses. | 核心 |
| Establish arrangement of boiler room equipment and propulsion machinery, heating and ventilating systems, refrigeration equipment, piping, and other functional equipment. | 核心 |
| Supervise other engineers and crew members and train them for routine and emergency duties. | 补充 |
| Oversee construction and testing of prototype in model basin and develop sectional and waterline curves of hull to establish center of gravity, ideal hull form, and buoyancy and stability data. | 补充 |
| Act as liaisons between ships' captains and shore personnel to ensure that schedules and budgets are maintained, and that ships are operated safely and efficiently. | 补充 |
| Maintain records of engineering department activities, including expense records and details of equipment maintenance and repairs. | 补充 |
| Procure materials needed to repair marine equipment and machinery. | 补充 |
| Maintain and coordinate repair of marine machinery and equipment for installation on vessels. | 补充 |
| Schedule machine overhauls and the servicing of electrical, heating, ventilation, refrigeration, water, and sewage systems. | 补充 |
0.00/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Perform monitoring activities to ensure that ships comply with international regulations and standards for life-saving equipment and pollution preventatives. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Check, test, and maintain automatic controls and alarm systems. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Evaluate operation of marine equipment during acceptance testing and shakedown cruises. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Inspect marine equipment and machinery to draw up work requests and job specifications. | E0 机器人不可 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 8K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 9K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +6.7%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $112,230
- 入职通常所需学历
- Bachelor's degree
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23517 | 조선공학 기술자 및 연구원 | 范围相同 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 2144Mechanical Engineers
机械工程师
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。
Mechanical engineers conduct research; advise on, design and direct production of machines, aircraft, ships, machinery and industrial plant, equipment and systems; advise on and direct their functioning, maintenance and repair; or study and advise on mechanical aspects of particular materials, products or processes.
任务
- (a) advising on and designing machinery and tools for manufacturing, mining, construction, agricultural, and other industrial purposes;
- (b) advising on and designing steam, internal combustion and other non-electric motors and engines used for propulsion of railway locomotives, road vehicles or aircraft, or for driving industrial or other machinery;
- (c) advising on and designing: hulls, superstructures and propulsion systems of ships; mechanical plant and equipment for the release, control and utilization of energy; heating, ventilation and refrigeration systems, steering gear, pumps and other mechanical equipment;
- (d) advising on and designing airframes, undercarriages and other equipment for aircraft as well as suspension systems, brakes, vehicle bodies and other components of road vehicles;
- (e) advising on and designing non-electrical parts of apparatus or products such as word processors, computers, precision instruments, cameras and projectors;
- (f) establishing control standards and procedures to ensure efficient functioning and safety of machines, machinery, tools, motors, engines, industrial plant, equipment, or systems;
- (g) ensuring that equipment, operation and maintenance comply with design specifications and safety standards.
职业示例
Aeronautical engineer · Engine designer · Marine architect · Marine engineer · Mechanical engineer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- marine chief engineerESCO 3151.2本职业范围更宽
Marine chief engineers are responsible for the entire technical operations of the vessel including engineering, electrical, and mechanical divisions. They are the head of the entire engine department aboard the ship. They have overall responsibility for all technical operations and equipment on-board the ship. Marine chief engineers collaborate on security, survival and health care on board, observe the national and international standards of application.
- marine engineerESCO 2144.1.10本职业范围更宽
Marine engineers design, build, maintain and repair the hull, mechanical, electronic equipment and auxiliary systems such as engines, pumps, heating, ventilation, generator sets. They work on all types of boats from pleasure crafts to naval vessels, including submarines.
- naval architectESCO 2144.1.14本职业范围更宽
Naval architects design, build, maintain and repair all types of boats from pleasure crafts to naval vessels, including submarines. They analyse floating structures and take various features into account for their designs such as the form, structure, stability, resistance, access and propulsion of hulls.
- marine engineering drafterESCO 3118.3.10有重叠，但不相同
Marine engineering drafters convert the marine engineers’ designs into technical drawings usually using software. Their drawings detail dimensions, fastening and assembling methods and other specifications used in the manufacture of all types of boats from pleasure crafts to naval vessels, including submarines.
- ship assistant engineerESCO 3151.3有重叠，但不相同
Ship assistant engineers assist the ship chief engineer and the ship duty engineer in the operations of the ship's hull. They support the operation of the main engines, steering mechanism, electrical generation and other major subsystems. They communicate with maritime engineers about the performance of technical operations. They also ensure appropriate safety and regulatory standards compliance and are able to take on higher level positions if needed.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| F1144 | Architecte naval / Architecte navale | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| F1145 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure en génie maritime | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 2433 | Ingenieros mecánicos | 相关，但不对应 |
| 2463 | Ingenieros técnicos mecánicos | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 25244 | Berufe in der Schiffbautechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 范围相同暂定 |
| 25243 | Berufe in der Schiffbautechnik - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| 51134 | Berufe im technischen Schiffsverkehrsbetrieb - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 075 | 輸送用機器技術者（自動車を除く）（開発） | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 073 | 機械技術者（開発） | 相关，但不对应 |
| 085 | 輸送用機器技術者（自動車を除く）（開発を除く） | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源