Non-Destructive Testing Specialists

Architecture and Engineering Occupations

O*NET-SOC 代码: 17-3029.01

Test the safety of structures, vehicles, or vessels using x-ray, ultrasound, fiber optic or related equipment.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.26–0.32· ISCO-08 职业组 4 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值

ISCO-08 3115Mechanical Engineering Technicians0.26
ISCO-08 3116Chemical Engineering Technicians0.32
ISCO-08 3117Mining and metallurgical technicians0.28
ISCO-08 3119Physical and Engineering Science Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified0.26

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 16 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 9 项（56.3%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Evaluate material properties, using radio astronomy, voltage and amperage measurement, or rheometric flow measurement. 17-3029.01	0.007740.9	0.001816.0
Document non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, processes, or results. 17-3029.01	0.003619.3	0.005952.8
Prepare reports on non-destructive testing (NDT) results. 17-3029.01	0.002814.9	0.003531.1
Identify defects in solid materials using ultrasonic testing techniques. 17-3029.01	0.002814.9	—0
Select, calibrate, or operate equipment used in the non-destructive testing (NDT) of products or materials. 17-3029.01	0.00199.9	—0
Not observed on any surface — 11 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Supervise or direct the work of non-destructive testing (NDT) trainees or staff.	—0	—0
Produce images of objects on film using radiographic techniques.	—0	—0
Develop or use new non-destructive testing (NDT) methods such as acoustic emission testing, leak testing, and thermal or infrared testing.	—0	—0
Map the presence of imperfections within objects using sonic measurements.	—0	—0
Make radiographic images to detect flaws in objects while leaving objects intact.	—0	—0
Visually examine materials, structures, or components using tools and equipment such as endoscopes, closed circuit television systems, and fiber optics for signs of corrosion, metal fatigue, cracks, or other flaws.	—0	—0
Interpret or evaluate test results in accordance with applicable codes, standards, specifications, or procedures.	—0	—0
Conduct liquid penetrant tests to locate surface cracks by coating objects with fluorescent dyes, cleaning excess penetrant, and applying developer.	—0	—0
Interpret the results of all methods of non-destructive testing (NDT) such as acoustic emission, electromagnetic, leak, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, neutron radiographic, radiographic, thermal or infrared, ultrasonic, vibration analysis, and visual testing.	—0	—0
Examine structures or vehicles such as aircraft, trains, nuclear reactors, bridges, dams, and pipelines using non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques.	—0	—0
Identify defects in concrete or other building materials, using thermal or infrared testing.	—0	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Produce images of objects on film, using radiographic techniques. O*NET Task ID 16613	0.5
Document non-destructive testing methods, processes, or results. O*NET Task ID 16616	0.5
Map the presence of imperfections within objects, using sonic measurements. O*NET Task ID 16617	0.5
Make radiographic images to detect flaws in objects while leaving objects intact. O*NET Task ID 16618	0.5
Visually examine materials, structures, or components for signs of corrosion, metal fatigue, cracks, or other flaws, using tools and equipment such as endoscopes, closed-circuit television systems, and fiber optics. O*NET Task ID 16619	0.5
Interpret or evaluate test results in accordance with applicable codes, standards, specifications, or procedures. O*NET Task ID 16620	0.5
Identify defects in concrete or other building materials, using thermal or infrared testing. O*NET Task ID 16621	0.5
Prepare reports on non-destructive testing results. O*NET Task ID 16625	0.5
Interpret the results of all methods of non-destructive testing (NDT), such as acoustic emission, electromagnetic, leak, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, neutron radiographic, radiographic, thermal or infrared, ultrasonic, vibration analysis, and visual testing. O*NET Task ID 16626	0.5
Supervise or direct the work of non-destructive testing trainees or staff. O*NET Task ID 16612	0.0
Evaluate material properties, using radio astronomy, voltage and amperage measurement, or rheometric flow measurement. O*NET Task ID 16614	0.0
Develop or use new non-destructive testing methods, such as acoustic emission testing, leak testing, and thermal or infrared testing. O*NET Task ID 16615	0.0
Identify defects in solid materials, using ultrasonic testing techniques. O*NET Task ID 16622	0.0
Select, calibrate, or operate equipment used in the non-destructive testing of products or materials. O*NET Task ID 16623	0.0
Conduct liquid penetrant tests to locate surface cracks by coating objects with fluorescent dyes, cleaning excess penetrant, and applying developer. O*NET Task ID 16624	0.0
Examine structures or vehicles such as aircraft, trains, nuclear reactors, bridges, dams, and pipelines, using non-destructive testing techniques. O*NET Task ID 16627	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（16 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Supervise or direct the work of non-destructive testing trainees or staff.	核心
Produce images of objects on film, using radiographic techniques.	核心
Develop or use new non-destructive testing methods, such as acoustic emission testing, leak testing, and thermal or infrared testing.	核心
Document non-destructive testing methods, processes, or results.	核心
Map the presence of imperfections within objects, using sonic measurements.	核心
Make radiographic images to detect flaws in objects while leaving objects intact.	核心
Visually examine materials, structures, or components for signs of corrosion, metal fatigue, cracks, or other flaws, using tools and equipment such as endoscopes, closed-circuit television systems, and fiber optics.	核心
Interpret or evaluate test results in accordance with applicable codes, standards, specifications, or procedures.	核心
Identify defects in concrete or other building materials, using thermal or infrared testing.	核心
Identify defects in solid materials, using ultrasonic testing techniques.	核心
Select, calibrate, or operate equipment used in the non-destructive testing of products or materials.	核心
Conduct liquid penetrant tests to locate surface cracks by coating objects with fluorescent dyes, cleaning excess penetrant, and applying developer.	核心
Prepare reports on non-destructive testing results.	核心
Interpret the results of all methods of non-destructive testing (NDT), such as acoustic emission, electromagnetic, leak, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, neutron radiographic, radiographic, thermal or infrared, ultrasonic, vibration analysis, and visual testing.	核心
Examine structures or vehicles such as aircraft, trains, nuclear reactors, bridges, dams, and pipelines, using non-destructive testing techniques.	核心
Evaluate material properties, using radio astronomy, voltage and amperage measurement, or rheometric flow measurement.	补充

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.73/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Produce images of objects on film, using radiographic techniques.	E1 机器人专用设施
Develop or use new non-destructive testing methods, such as acoustic emission testing, leak testing, and thermal or infrared testing.	E1 机器人专用设施
Map the presence of imperfections within objects, using sonic measurements.	E1 机器人专用设施
Make radiographic images to detect flaws in objects while leaving objects intact.	E1 机器人专用设施
Visually examine materials, structures, or components for signs of corrosion, metal fatigue, cracks, or other flaws, using tools and equipment such as endoscopes, closed-circuit television systems, and fiber optics.	E1 机器人专用设施
Identify defects in concrete or other building materials, using thermal or infrared testing.	E2 受管理的设施
Identify defects in solid materials, using ultrasonic testing techniques.	E1 机器人专用设施
Select, calibrate, or operate equipment used in the non-destructive testing of products or materials.	E1 机器人专用设施
Conduct liquid penetrant tests to locate surface cracks by coating objects with fluorescent dyes, cleaning excess penetrant, and applying developer.	E1 机器人专用设施
Examine structures or vehicles such as aircraft, trains, nuclear reactors, bridges, dams, and pipelines, using non-destructive testing techniques.	E2 受管理的设施
Evaluate material properties, using radio astronomy, voltage and amperage measurement, or rheometric flow measurement.	E1 机器人专用设施

就业展望（BLS）

这些数值属于整个 SOC 17-3029 组（Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, all other），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。

就业人数，2025: 62K
预计就业人数，2035: 64K
变化 (2025–35): +2.8%
年薪中位数，2025: $78,350
入职通常所需学历: Associate's degree

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
23652	안전 관련 비파괴 검사원	范围相同	已确认
23321	금속공학 시험원	相关，但不对应	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 0310Armed Forces Occupations, Other Ranks
武装部队其他军衔人员
ISCO-08 3115Mechanical Engineering Technicians
机械工程技术员
ISCO-08 3116Chemical Engineering Technicians
化学工程技术员
ISCO-08 3117Mining and metallurgical technicians
采矿和冶金技术员
ISCO-08 3119Physical and Engineering Science Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified
其他未列明的物理和工程科学技术员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

non-destructive testing specialistESCO 7543.5范围相同
Non-destructive testing specialists carry out testing of vehicles, vessels, other manufactured objects, and construction structures without having to damage them. They use special equipment such as X-ray, ultrasound, radiographics, or infrared instruments to perform testing activities and report based on the observed results.
welding inspectorESCO 3115.1.22本职业范围更宽
Welding inspectors examine the connections and bonds between metals. They utilise visual tools and electrical instruments to inspect and ensure the quality and safety of connections. Welding inspectors ensure that all related welding activities, plans and materials follow the appropriate guidelines, in accordance with safety regulations. In addition to working in the field completing their examinations of welding projects, inspectors spend time in an office setting compiling their reports.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
H1522	Technicien / Technicienne en contrôles et essais non destructifs (CND END)	范围相同暂定
H1532	Responsable de contrôle non destructif en industrie	相关，但不对应暂定
H1533	Ingénieur / Ingénieure CND END	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
3160	Técnicos de control de calidad de las ciencias físicas, químicas y de las ingenierías	本职业范围更窄
3128	Técnicos en metalurgia y minas	相关，但不对应

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
41422	Berufe in der Werkstofftechnik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten	本职业范围更窄
27312	Berufe in der technischen Qualitätssicherung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten	相关，但不对应
41423	Berufe in der Werkstofftechnik - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
562	金属加工・溶接・溶断検査従事者	本职业范围更窄
584	輸送機械検査従事者（自動車を除く）	相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源