Urban and Regional Planners

Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations

O*NET-SOC 代码: 19-3051.00

Develop comprehensive plans and programs for use of land and physical facilities of jurisdictions, such as towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.096
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.41
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 25 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 24 项（96.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Design, promote, or administer government plans or policies affecting land use, zoning, public utilities, community facilities, housing, or transportation. O*NET Task ID 220	0.5
Recommend approval, denial, or conditional approval of proposals. O*NET Task ID 222	0.5
Create, prepare, or requisition graphic or narrative reports on land use data, including land area maps overlaid with geographic variables, such as population density. O*NET Task ID 225	0.5
Advise planning officials on project feasibility, cost-effectiveness, regulatory conformance, or possible alternatives. O*NET Task ID 226	0.5
Conduct field investigations, surveys, impact studies, or other research to compile and analyze data on economic, social, regulatory, or physical factors affecting land use. O*NET Task ID 227	0.5
Discuss with planning officials the purpose of land use projects, such as transportation, conservation, residential, commercial, industrial, or community use. O*NET Task ID 228	0.5
Keep informed about economic or legal issues involved in zoning codes, building codes, or environmental regulations. O*NET Task ID 229	0.5
Mediate community disputes or assist in developing alternative plans or recommendations for programs or projects. O*NET Task ID 230	0.5
Coordinate work with economic consultants or architects during the formulation of plans or the design of large pieces of infrastructure. O*NET Task ID 231	0.5
Review and evaluate environmental impact reports pertaining to private or public planning projects or programs. O*NET Task ID 232	0.5
Supervise or coordinate the work of urban planning technicians or technologists. O*NET Task ID 233	0.5
Advocate sustainability to community groups, government agencies, the general public, or special interest groups. O*NET Task ID 19775	0.5
Develop plans for public or alternative transportation systems for urban or regional locations to reduce carbon output associated with transportation. O*NET Task ID 19776	0.5
Evaluate proposals for infrastructure projects or other development for environmental impact or sustainability. O*NET Task ID 19777	0.5
Identify opportunities or develop plans for sustainability projects or programs to improve energy efficiency, minimize pollution or waste, or restore natural systems. O*NET Task ID 19778	0.5
Determine the effects of regulatory limitations on land use projects. O*NET Task ID 20523	0.5
Assess the feasibility of land use proposals and identify necessary changes. O*NET Task ID 20524	0.5
Investigate property availability for purposes of development. O*NET Task ID 20525	0.5
Conduct interviews, surveys and site inspections concerning factors that affect land usage, such as zoning, traffic flow and housing. O*NET Task ID 22225	0.5
Prepare reports, using statistics, charts, and graphs, to illustrate planning studies in areas such as population, land use, or zoning. O*NET Task ID 22226	0.5
Prepare, develop and maintain maps and databases. O*NET Task ID 22227	0.5
Prepare, maintain and update files and records, including land use data and statistics. O*NET Task ID 22228	0.5
Research, compile, analyze and organize information from maps, reports, investigations, and books for use in reports and special projects. O*NET Task ID 22229	0.5
Respond to public inquiries and complaints. O*NET Task ID 22230	0.5
再显示 14 项工作 ▾收起 ▴
Hold public meetings with government officials, social scientists, lawyers, developers, the public, or special interest groups to formulate, develop, or address issues regarding land use or community plans. O*NET Task ID 18476	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（25 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Design, promote, or administer government plans or policies affecting land use, zoning, public utilities, community facilities, housing, or transportation.	核心
Recommend approval, denial, or conditional approval of proposals.	核心
Create, prepare, or requisition graphic or narrative reports on land use data, including land area maps overlaid with geographic variables, such as population density.	核心
Advise planning officials on project feasibility, cost-effectiveness, regulatory conformance, or possible alternatives.	核心
Conduct field investigations, surveys, impact studies, or other research to compile and analyze data on economic, social, regulatory, or physical factors affecting land use.	核心
Discuss with planning officials the purpose of land use projects, such as transportation, conservation, residential, commercial, industrial, or community use.	核心
Keep informed about economic or legal issues involved in zoning codes, building codes, or environmental regulations.	核心
Mediate community disputes or assist in developing alternative plans or recommendations for programs or projects.	核心
Coordinate work with economic consultants or architects during the formulation of plans or the design of large pieces of infrastructure.	核心
Review and evaluate environmental impact reports pertaining to private or public planning projects or programs.	核心
Supervise or coordinate the work of urban planning technicians or technologists.	核心
Hold public meetings with government officials, social scientists, lawyers, developers, the public, or special interest groups to formulate, develop, or address issues regarding land use or community plans.	核心
Advocate sustainability to community groups, government agencies, the general public, or special interest groups.	核心
Develop plans for public or alternative transportation systems for urban or regional locations to reduce carbon output associated with transportation.	核心
Evaluate proposals for infrastructure projects or other development for environmental impact or sustainability.	核心
Identify opportunities or develop plans for sustainability projects or programs to improve energy efficiency, minimize pollution or waste, or restore natural systems.	核心
Determine the effects of regulatory limitations on land use projects.	核心
Assess the feasibility of land use proposals and identify necessary changes.	核心
Investigate property availability for purposes of development.	核心
Conduct interviews, surveys and site inspections concerning factors that affect land usage, such as zoning, traffic flow and housing.	—
Prepare reports, using statistics, charts, and graphs, to illustrate planning studies in areas such as population, land use, or zoning.	—
Prepare, develop and maintain maps and databases.	—
Prepare, maintain and update files and records, including land use data and statistics.	—
Research, compile, analyze and organize information from maps, reports, investigations, and books for use in reports and special projects.	—
Respond to public inquiries and complaints.	—

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.08/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Conduct interviews, surveys and site inspections concerning factors that affect land usage, such as zoning, traffic flow and housing.	E3 非结构化环境

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025: 46K
预计就业人数，2035: 48K
变化 (2025–35): +3.9%
年薪中位数，2025: $89,320
入职通常所需学历: Master's degree

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
23151	도시 계획 및 설계가	范围相同	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 2164Town and Traffic Planners
城镇和交通规划师

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Town and traffic planners develop and implement plans and policies for the controlled use of urban and rural land and for traffic systems. They conduct research and provide advice on economic, environmental and social factors affecting land use and traffic flows.

任务

(a) planning layout and coordinating development of urban areas;
(b) compiling and analysing data on economic, legal, political, cultural, demographic, sociological, physical and environmental factors affecting land use;
(c) conferring with government authorities, communities and specialists in fields such as architecture, planning, social science the environment and the law;
(d) devising and recommending use and development of land, and presenting narrative and graphic plans, programmes and designs to groups and individuals;
(e) advising governments, companies and communities on urban and regional planning issues and proposals;
(f) reviewing and evaluating environmental impact reports;
(g) planning and coordinating the development of land areas for parks, schools, institutions, airports, roadways and related projects, and for commercial, industrial and residential sites;
(h) planning and advising on routing and control of road traffic and public transportation systems for efficiency and safety.

职业示例

Land Planner · Traffic planner · Urban Planner

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

airport planning engineerESCO 2142.1.1本职业范围更宽
Airport planning engineers manage and coordinate the planning, design, and development programs in airports.
government planning inspectorESCO 2422.4本职业范围更宽
Government planning inspectors monitor the development and implementation of government plans and policies, as well as processing planning and policy proposals, and performing inspections of planning procedures.
land plannerESCO 2164.1本职业范围更宽
Land planners visit sites in order to create projects and plans for land usage and development. They collect and analyse data about the land. Land planners provide advice on the efficiency and safety of development plans.
transport plannerESCO 2164.2本职业范围更宽
Traffic planners develop and implement policies in order to improve transport systems, taking into account the social, environmental and economic factors. They collect and analyse traffic data using statistical modelling tools.
urban plannerESCO 2164.3本职业范围更宽
Urban planners create development plans for towns, urban areas, cities, and regions. They research the needs of the community or the region (economic, social, transport) and evaluate other parameters such as sustainability in order to present solid programs aimed at the improvement of the site.
architectESCO 2161.1有重叠，但不相同
Architects investigate, design, and oversee the construction and development of buildings, urban spaces, infrastructure projects, and social spaces. They design in accordance with the surroundings and regulations applicable in specific geographic areas, taking into account factors that include function, aesthetics, costs, and public health and safety. They are aware of social contexts and environmental factors, which include the relationships between people and buildings, and buildings and the environment. They engage in multidisciplinary projects aimed at developing the social fabric of a geographic area and advancing in social urbanism projects.
regional development policy officerESCO 2422.10.14有重叠，但不相同
Regional development policy officers research, analyse and develop regional development policies. They implement policies that aim at reducing regional disparities by fostering economic activities in a region and structural changes such as supporting multi-level governance, rural development and improvement of infrastructure. They work closely with partners, external organisations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
K1806	Chargé / Chargée de développement social et urbain	本职业范围更宽
K1807	Urbaniste	本职业范围更宽暂定
K1404	Chargé / Chargée de mission développement territorial	相关，但不对应
K1809	Responsable de développement territorial	相关，但不对应
K1810	Agent / Agente de développement d'habitat social	相关，但不对应
K1815	Chargé / Chargée de mission "Villes et Territoires Durables"	相关，但不对应
K1816	Manager de commerce et territoire	相关，但不对应
F1127	Architecte-urbaniste	相关，但不对应暂定
K1802	Chargé / Chargée de développement économique et local	相关，但不对应暂定
K1803	Animateur / Animatrice de développement régional	相关，但不对应暂定
K1811	Chargé / Chargée de projet en aménagement du territoire	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
2453	Urbanistas e ingenieros de tráfico	本职业范围更窄

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
31124	Berufe in der Stadt- und Raumplanung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	范围相同暂定
71333	Berufe in der Wirtschaftsförderung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
092	土木技術者	本职业范围更窄暂定
253	企画事務員	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源