First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives

Protective Service Occupations

O*NET-SOC 代码: 33-1012.00

Directly supervise and coordinate activities of members of police force.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
中等· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.14–0.32· ISCO-08 职业组 3 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值

ISCO-08 3351Customs and Border Inspectors0.32
ISCO-08 3355Police Inspectors and Detectives0.23
ISCO-08 5412Police Officers0.14

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 20 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 11 项（55.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Review contents of written orders to ensure adherence to legal requirements. O*NET Task ID 577	1.0
Prepare news releases and respond to police correspondence. O*NET Task ID 579	1.0
Inform personnel of changes in regulations and policies, implications of new or amended laws, and new techniques of police work. O*NET Task ID 565	0.5
Supervise and coordinate the investigation of criminal cases, offering guidance and expertise to investigators, and ensuring that procedures are conducted in accordance with laws and regulations. O*NET Task ID 566	0.5
Investigate and resolve personnel problems within organization and charges of misconduct against staff. O*NET Task ID 567	0.5
Maintain logs, prepare reports, and direct the preparation, handling, and maintenance of departmental records. O*NET Task ID 569	0.5
Monitor and evaluate the job performance of subordinates, and authorize promotions and transfers. O*NET Task ID 570	0.5
Develop, implement, and revise departmental policies and procedures. O*NET Task ID 572	0.5
Prepare work schedules and assign duties to subordinates. O*NET Task ID 574	0.5
Requisition and issue equipment and supplies. O*NET Task ID 580	0.5
Prepare budgets and manage expenditures of department funds. O*NET Task ID 583	0.5
再显示 1 项工作 ▾收起 ▴
Explain police operations to subordinates to assist them in performing their job duties. O*NET Task ID 564	0.0
Train staff in proper police work procedures. O*NET Task ID 568	0.0
Direct collection, preparation, and handling of evidence and personal property of prisoners. O*NET Task ID 571	0.0
Conduct raids and order detention of witnesses and suspects for questioning. O*NET Task ID 573	0.0
Discipline staff for violation of department rules and regulations. O*NET Task ID 575	0.0
Cooperate with court personnel and officials from other law enforcement agencies and testify in court, as necessary. O*NET Task ID 576	0.0
Inspect facilities, supplies, vehicles, and equipment to ensure conformance to standards. O*NET Task ID 578	0.0
Meet with civic, educational, and community groups to develop community programs and events, and to discuss law enforcement subjects. O*NET Task ID 581	0.0
Direct release or transfer of prisoners. O*NET Task ID 582	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（20 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Explain police operations to subordinates to assist them in performing their job duties.	核心
Inform personnel of changes in regulations and policies, implications of new or amended laws, and new techniques of police work.	核心
Supervise and coordinate the investigation of criminal cases, offering guidance and expertise to investigators, and ensuring that procedures are conducted in accordance with laws and regulations.	核心
Investigate and resolve personnel problems within organization and charges of misconduct against staff.	核心
Train staff in proper police work procedures.	核心
Maintain logs, prepare reports, and direct the preparation, handling, and maintenance of departmental records.	核心
Monitor and evaluate the job performance of subordinates, and authorize promotions and transfers.	核心
Direct collection, preparation, and handling of evidence and personal property of prisoners.	核心
Conduct raids and order detention of witnesses and suspects for questioning.	核心
Prepare work schedules and assign duties to subordinates.	核心
Discipline staff for violation of department rules and regulations.	核心
Cooperate with court personnel and officials from other law enforcement agencies and testify in court, as necessary.	核心
Review contents of written orders to ensure adherence to legal requirements.	核心
Inspect facilities, supplies, vehicles, and equipment to ensure conformance to standards.	核心
Requisition and issue equipment and supplies.	核心
Meet with civic, educational, and community groups to develop community programs and events, and to discuss law enforcement subjects.	核心
Direct release or transfer of prisoners.	核心
Develop, implement, and revise departmental policies and procedures.	补充
Prepare news releases and respond to police correspondence.	补充
Prepare budgets and manage expenditures of department funds.	补充

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.03/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Conduct raids and order detention of witnesses and suspects for questioning.	E0 机器人不可
Inspect facilities, supplies, vehicles, and equipment to ensure conformance to standards.	E1 机器人专用设施

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025: 160K
预计就业人数，2035: 165K
变化 (2025–35): +3.3%
年薪中位数，2025: $106,040
入职通常所需学历: High school diploma or equivalent

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
41112	일반 경찰관 및 수사관	本职业范围更窄	已确认
13132	경찰 관리자	有重叠，但不相同	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 3351Customs and Border Inspectors
海关和边境检查员
ISCO-08 3355Police Inspectors and Detectives
警务督察和侦探
ISCO-08 5412Police Officers
警察

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

police commissionerESCO 1112.5范围相同
Police commissioners supervise an entire police department by monitoring and regulating the administrative and operational activities of a police department, as well as developing policies and procedural methods. They are responsible for the cooperation between the various divisions in the department, and overseeing the employees' performance.
police inspectorESCO 3355.3有重叠，但不相同
Police inspectors coordinate and supervise a division in a police department. They ensure the division's compliance with rules and regulations, and monitor the performance of personnel as well as assigning tasks to them. They perform administrative duties to ensure the maintenance of records and reports, and may also develop regulatory guidelines.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
K1704	Officier / Officière de police	本职业范围更宽暂定
K1719	Chef / Cheffe de police municipale	本职业范围更宽暂定
K1709	Commissaire de police	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
3631	Técnicos de la policía nacional, autonómica y local	有重叠，但不相同
3632	Suboficiales de la guardia civil	有重叠，但不相同

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
53214	Berufe im Polizeivollzugsdienst - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	本职业范围更宽暂定
53213	Berufe im Polizeivollzugsdienst - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	有重叠，但不相同
53223	Berufe im Kriminaldienst - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
441	警察官	本职业范围更窄

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源