First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 37-1012.00
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in landscaping or groundskeeping activities. Work may involve reviewing contracts to ascertain service, machine, and workforce requirements; answering inquiries from potential customers regarding methods, material, and price ranges; and preparing estimates according to labor, material, and machine costs.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.108
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.13–0.18· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 6113Gardeners, Horticultural and Nursery Growers0.18
- ISCO-08 7544Fumigators and Other Pest and Weed Controllers0.13
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 28 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 16 项（57.1%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Answer inquiries from current or prospective customers regarding methods, materials, or price ranges.37-1012.00 | 0.0391100.0 | 0.023663.9 |
Monitor project activities to ensure that instructions are followed, deadlines are met, and schedules are maintained. | —0 | 0.013336.1 |
| Not observed on any surface — 26 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Establish and enforce operating procedures and work standards that will ensure adequate performance and personnel safety. | —0 | —0 |
Inspect completed work to ensure conformance to specifications, standards, and contract requirements. | —0 | —0 |
Direct activities of workers who perform duties such as landscaping, cultivating lawns, or pruning trees and shrubs. | —0 | —0 |
Schedule work for crews, depending on work priorities, crew or equipment availability, or weather conditions. | —0 | —0 |
Plant or maintain vegetation through activities such as mulching, fertilizing, watering, mowing, or pruning. | —0 | —0 |
Train workers in tasks such as transplanting or pruning trees or shrubs, finishing cement, using equipment, or caring for turf. | —0 | —0 |
Provide workers with assistance in performing duties as necessary to meet deadlines. | —0 | —0 |
Inventory supplies of tools, equipment, or materials to ensure that sufficient supplies are available and items are in usable condition. | —0 | —0 |
Confer with other supervisors to coordinate work activities with those of other departments or units. | —0 | —0 |
Perform personnel-related activities, such as hiring workers, evaluating staff performance, or taking disciplinary actions when performance problems occur. | —0 | —0 |
Direct or perform mixing or application of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, or fungicides. | —0 | —0 |
Review contracts or work assignments to determine service, machine, or workforce requirements for jobs. | —0 | —0 |
Maintain required records, such as personnel information or project records. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare or maintain required records, such as work activity or personnel reports. | —0 | —0 |
Order the performance of corrective work when problems occur and recommend procedural changes to avoid such problems. | —0 | —0 |
Identify diseases or pests affecting landscaping and order appropriate treatments. | —0 | —0 |
Investigate work-related complaints to verify problems and to determine responses. | —0 | —0 |
Direct or assist workers engaged in the maintenance or repair of equipment, such as power tools or motorized equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Perform administrative duties, such as authorizing leaves or processing time sheets. | —0 | —0 |
Recommend changes in working conditions or equipment use to increase crew efficiency. | —0 | —0 |
Confer with managers or landscape architects to develop plans or schedules for landscaping maintenance or improvement. | —0 | —0 |
Negotiate with customers regarding fees for landscaping, lawn service, or groundskeeping work. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare service estimates based on labor, material, and machine costs and maintain budgets for individual projects. | —0 | —0 |
Install or maintain landscaped areas, performing tasks such as removing snow, pouring cement curbs, or repairing sidewalks. | —0 | —0 |
Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil. | —0 | —0 |
Design or supervise the installation of sprinkler systems, calculating water pressure, or valve and pipe coverage needs. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Review contracts or work assignments to determine service, machine, or workforce requirements for jobs.O*NET Task ID 11211 | 1.0 |
Maintain required records, such as personnel information or project records.O*NET Task ID 11212 | 1.0 |
Prepare or maintain required records, such as work activity or personnel reports.O*NET Task ID 11213 | 1.0 |
Perform administrative duties, such as authorizing leaves or processing time sheets.O*NET Task ID 11219 | 1.0 |
Schedule work for crews, depending on work priorities, crew or equipment availability, or weather conditions.O*NET Task ID 11202 | 0.5 |
Monitor project activities to ensure that instructions are followed, deadlines are met, and schedules are maintained.O*NET Task ID 11204 | 0.5 |
Perform personnel-related activities, such as hiring workers, evaluating staff performance, or taking disciplinary actions when performance problems occur.O*NET Task ID 11209 | 0.5 |
Order the performance of corrective work when problems occur and recommend procedural changes to avoid such problems.O*NET Task ID 11214 | 0.5 |
Identify diseases or pests affecting landscaping and order appropriate treatments.O*NET Task ID 11215 | 0.5 |
Investigate work-related complaints to verify problems and to determine responses.O*NET Task ID 11216 | 0.5 |
Recommend changes in working conditions or equipment used to increase crew efficiency.O*NET Task ID 11220 | 0.5 |
Confer with managers or landscape architects to develop plans or schedules for landscaping maintenance or improvement.O*NET Task ID 11221 | 0.5 |
Negotiate with customers regarding fees for landscaping, lawn service, or groundskeeping work.O*NET Task ID 11222 | 0.5 |
Answer inquiries from current or prospective customers regarding methods, materials, or price ranges.O*NET Task ID 11223 | 0.5 |
Prepare service estimates based on labor, material, and machine costs and maintain budgets for individual projects.O*NET Task ID 11224 | 0.5 |
Design or supervise the installation of sprinkler systems, calculating water pressure, or valve and pipe coverage needs.O*NET Task ID 11226 | 0.5 |
Establish and enforce operating procedures and work standards that will ensure adequate performance and personnel safety.O*NET Task ID 11199 | 0.0 |
Inspect completed work to ensure conformance to specifications, standards, and contract requirements.O*NET Task ID 11200 | 0.0 |
Direct activities of workers who perform duties, such as landscaping, cultivating lawns, or pruning trees and shrubs.O*NET Task ID 11201 | 0.0 |
Plant or maintain vegetation through activities such as mulching, fertilizing, watering, mowing, or pruning.O*NET Task ID 11203 | 0.0 |
Train workers in tasks such as transplanting or pruning trees or shrubs, finishing cement, using equipment, or caring for turf.O*NET Task ID 11205 | 0.0 |
Provide workers with assistance in performing duties as necessary to meet deadlines.O*NET Task ID 11206 | 0.0 |
Inventory supplies of tools, equipment, or materials to ensure that sufficient supplies are available and items are in usable condition.O*NET Task ID 11207 | 0.0 |
Confer with other supervisors to coordinate work activities with those of other departments or units.O*NET Task ID 11208 | 0.0 |
Direct or perform mixing or application of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, or fungicides.O*NET Task ID 11210 | 0.0 |
Direct or assist workers engaged in the maintenance or repair of equipment, such as power tools or motorized equipment.O*NET Task ID 11217 | 0.0 |
Install or maintain landscaped areas, performing tasks such as removing snow, pouring cement curbs, or repairing sidewalks.O*NET Task ID 11218 | 0.0 |
Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil.O*NET Task ID 11225 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（28 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Establish and enforce operating procedures and work standards that will ensure adequate performance and personnel safety. | 核心 |
| Inspect completed work to ensure conformance to specifications, standards, and contract requirements. | 核心 |
| Direct activities of workers who perform duties, such as landscaping, cultivating lawns, or pruning trees and shrubs. | 核心 |
| Schedule work for crews, depending on work priorities, crew or equipment availability, or weather conditions. | 核心 |
| Plant or maintain vegetation through activities such as mulching, fertilizing, watering, mowing, or pruning. | 核心 |
| Monitor project activities to ensure that instructions are followed, deadlines are met, and schedules are maintained. | 核心 |
| Train workers in tasks such as transplanting or pruning trees or shrubs, finishing cement, using equipment, or caring for turf. | 核心 |
| Provide workers with assistance in performing duties as necessary to meet deadlines. | 核心 |
| Inventory supplies of tools, equipment, or materials to ensure that sufficient supplies are available and items are in usable condition. | 核心 |
| Confer with other supervisors to coordinate work activities with those of other departments or units. | 核心 |
| Perform personnel-related activities, such as hiring workers, evaluating staff performance, or taking disciplinary actions when performance problems occur. | 核心 |
| Direct or perform mixing or application of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, or fungicides. | 核心 |
| Review contracts or work assignments to determine service, machine, or workforce requirements for jobs. | 核心 |
| Maintain required records, such as personnel information or project records. | 核心 |
| Prepare or maintain required records, such as work activity or personnel reports. | 核心 |
| Order the performance of corrective work when problems occur and recommend procedural changes to avoid such problems. | 核心 |
| Identify diseases or pests affecting landscaping and order appropriate treatments. | 核心 |
| Investigate work-related complaints to verify problems and to determine responses. | 核心 |
| Direct or assist workers engaged in the maintenance or repair of equipment, such as power tools or motorized equipment. | 核心 |
| Install or maintain landscaped areas, performing tasks such as removing snow, pouring cement curbs, or repairing sidewalks. | 核心 |
| Perform administrative duties, such as authorizing leaves or processing time sheets. | 核心 |
| Recommend changes in working conditions or equipment used to increase crew efficiency. | 核心 |
| Confer with managers or landscape architects to develop plans or schedules for landscaping maintenance or improvement. | 核心 |
| Answer inquiries from current or prospective customers regarding methods, materials, or price ranges. | 核心 |
| Prepare service estimates based on labor, material, and machine costs and maintain budgets for individual projects. | 核心 |
| Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil. | 核心 |
| Design or supervise the installation of sprinkler systems, calculating water pressure, or valve and pipe coverage needs. | 核心 |
| Negotiate with customers regarding fees for landscaping, lawn service, or groundskeeping work. | 补充 |
0.33/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Inspect completed work to ensure conformance to specifications, standards, and contract requirements. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Plant or maintain vegetation through activities such as mulching, fertilizing, watering, mowing, or pruning. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Provide workers with assistance in performing duties as necessary to meet deadlines. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Inventory supplies of tools, equipment, or materials to ensure that sufficient supplies are available and items are in usable condition. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Direct or perform mixing or application of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, or fungicides. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Identify diseases or pests affecting landscaping and order appropriate treatments. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Direct or assist workers engaged in the maintenance or repair of equipment, such as power tools or motorized equipment. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Install or maintain landscaped areas, performing tasks such as removing snow, pouring cement curbs, or repairing sidewalks. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 243K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 253K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +4%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $58,430
- 入职通常所需学历
- High school diploma or equivalent
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61220 | 조경원 | 本职业范围更窄 | 已确认 |
| 23143 | 조경시공 기술자 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 6113Gardeners, Horticultural and Nursery Growers
园丁、园艺和苗圃种植人员
- ISCO-08 7544Fumigators and Other Pest and Weed Controllers
熏蒸消毒工及其他病虫害和杂草防治人员
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- horticulture production managerESCO 6113.2有重叠，但不相同
Horticultural production managers plan the production, manage the enterprise and participate in the production
- horticulture production team leaderESCO 6113.3有重叠，但不相同
Horticulture production team leaders are responsible for leading and working with a team. They organise daily work schedules for the production of horticulture crops and participate in the production.
- landscape architectESCO 2162.1有重叠，但不相同
Landscape architects plan and design the construction of gardens and natural spaces. They determine the specifications and distribution of the space. They combine an understanding of the natural space with a sense of aesthetics in order to create a harmonious space.
- landscape gardenerESCO 6113.6有重叠，但不相同
Landscape gardeners plan, construct, renovate and maintain parks, gardens and public green spaces.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| A1211 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe paysagiste | 范围相同 |
| A1221 | Conducteur / Conductrice de travaux paysagers | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| A1219 | Directeur / Directrice espaces verts et biodiversité | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 6120 | Trabajadores cualificados en huertas, invernaderos, viveros y jardines | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 3142 | Técnicos agropecuarios | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 12193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Gartenbau | 本职业范围更窄 |
| 12143 | Berufe im Garten-, Landschafts- und Sportplatzbau - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
| 12133 | Berufe in der Friedhofsgärtnerei - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 463 | 植木職，造園師 | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源