Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 39-5091.00
Apply makeup to performers to reflect period, setting, and situation of their role.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
中等· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.18
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 21 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 13 项（61.9%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Analyze a script, noting events that affect each character's appearance, so that plans can be made for each scene.39-5091.00 | 0.012534.9 |
Examine sketches, photographs, and plaster models in order to obtain desired character image depiction.39-5091.00 | 0.010729.7 |
Provide performers with makeup removal assistance after performances have been completed.39-5091.00 | 0.005415.1 |
Study production information, such as character descriptions, period settings, and situations in order to determine makeup requirements.39-5091.00 | 0.00287.7 |
Establish budgets, and work within budgetary limits.39-5091.00 | 0.00267.1 |
Evaluate environmental characteristics such as venue size and lighting plans in order to determine makeup requirements.39-5091.00 | 0.00205.4 |
| Not observed on any surface — 15 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Confer with stage or motion picture officials and performers in order to determine desired effects. | —0 |
Duplicate work precisely in order to replicate characters' appearances on a daily basis. | —0 |
Apply makeup to enhance, and/or alter the appearance of people appearing in productions such as movies. | —0 |
Alter or maintain makeup during productions as necessary to compensate for lighting changes or to achieve continuity of effect. | —0 |
Select desired makeup shades from stock, or mix oil, grease, and coloring in order to achieve specific color effects. | —0 |
Cleanse and tone the skin in order to prepare it for makeup application. | —0 |
Assess performers' skin-type in order to ensure that make-up will not cause break-outs or skin irritations. | —0 |
Requisition or acquire needed materials for special effects, including wigs, beards, and special cosmetics. | —0 |
Write makeup sheets and take photos in order to document specific looks and the products that were used to achieve the looks. | —0 |
Attach prostheses to performers and apply makeup in order to create special features or effects such as scars, aging, or illness. | —0 |
Design rubber or plastic prostheses that can be used to change performers' appearances. | —0 |
Create character drawings or models, based upon independent research, in order to augment period production files. | —0 |
Advise hairdressers on the hairstyles required for character parts. | —0 |
Wash and reset wigs. | —0 |
Demonstrate products to clients, and provide instruction in makeup application. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Study production information, such as character descriptions, period settings, and situations, to determine makeup requirements.O*NET Task ID 14814 | 1.0 |
Duplicate work precisely to replicate characters' appearances on a daily basis.O*NET Task ID 14798 | 0.5 |
Establish budgets, and work within budgetary limits.O*NET Task ID 14799 | 0.5 |
Apply makeup to enhance or alter the appearance of people appearing in productions such as movies.O*NET Task ID 14800 | 0.5 |
Alter or maintain makeup during productions as necessary to compensate for lighting changes or to achieve continuity of effect.O*NET Task ID 14801 | 0.5 |
Analyze a script, noting events that affect each character's appearance, so that plans can be made for each scene.O*NET Task ID 14805 | 0.5 |
Write makeup sheets and take photos to document specific looks and the products used to achieve the looks.O*NET Task ID 14807 | 0.5 |
Examine sketches, photographs, and plaster models to obtain desired character image depiction.O*NET Task ID 14808 | 0.5 |
Attach prostheses to performers and apply makeup to create special features or effects, such as scars, aging, or illness.O*NET Task ID 14809 | 0.5 |
Evaluate environmental characteristics, such as venue size and lighting plans, to determine makeup requirements.O*NET Task ID 14810 | 0.5 |
Design rubber or plastic prostheses that can be used to change performers' appearances.O*NET Task ID 14811 | 0.5 |
Create character drawings or models, based upon independent research, to augment period production files.O*NET Task ID 14812 | 0.5 |
Advise hairdressers on the hairstyles required for character parts.O*NET Task ID 14813 | 0.5 |
Confer with stage or motion picture officials and performers to determine desired effects.O*NET Task ID 14797 | 0.0 |
Select desired makeup shades from stock, or mix oil, grease, and coloring to achieve specific color effects.O*NET Task ID 14802 | 0.0 |
Cleanse and tone the skin to prepare it for makeup application.O*NET Task ID 14803 | 0.0 |
Assess performers' skin type to ensure that makeup will not cause break-outs or skin irritations.O*NET Task ID 14804 | 0.0 |
Requisition or acquire needed materials for special effects, including wigs, beards, and special cosmetics.O*NET Task ID 14806 | 0.0 |
Provide performers with makeup removal assistance after performances have been completed.O*NET Task ID 14815 | 0.0 |
Wash and reset wigs.O*NET Task ID 14816 | 0.0 |
Demonstrate products to clients, and provide instruction in makeup application.O*NET Task ID 14817 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（22 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Confer with stage or motion picture officials and performers to determine desired effects. | 核心 |
| Duplicate work precisely to replicate characters' appearances on a daily basis. | 核心 |
| Establish budgets, and work within budgetary limits. | 核心 |
| Apply makeup to enhance or alter the appearance of people appearing in productions such as movies. | 核心 |
| Alter or maintain makeup during productions as necessary to compensate for lighting changes or to achieve continuity of effect. | 核心 |
| Select desired makeup shades from stock, or mix oil, grease, and coloring to achieve specific color effects. | 核心 |
| Cleanse and tone the skin to prepare it for makeup application. | 核心 |
| Assess performers' skin type to ensure that makeup will not cause break-outs or skin irritations. | 核心 |
| Analyze a script, noting events that affect each character's appearance, so that plans can be made for each scene. | 核心 |
| Requisition or acquire needed materials for special effects, including wigs, beards, and special cosmetics. | 核心 |
| Write makeup sheets and take photos to document specific looks and the products used to achieve the looks. | 核心 |
| Examine sketches, photographs, and plaster models to obtain desired character image depiction. | 核心 |
| Attach prostheses to performers and apply makeup to create special features or effects, such as scars, aging, or illness. | 核心 |
| Evaluate environmental characteristics, such as venue size and lighting plans, to determine makeup requirements. | 核心 |
| Design rubber or plastic prostheses that can be used to change performers' appearances. | 核心 |
| Create character drawings or models, based upon independent research, to augment period production files. | 核心 |
| Study production information, such as character descriptions, period settings, and situations, to determine makeup requirements. | 核心 |
| Provide performers with makeup removal assistance after performances have been completed. | 核心 |
| Demonstrate products to clients, and provide instruction in makeup application. | 核心 |
| Clean supplies such as makeup brushes. | 核心 |
| Advise hairdressers on the hairstyles required for character parts. | 补充 |
| Wash and reset wigs. | 补充 |
0.06/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Duplicate work precisely to replicate characters' appearances on a daily basis. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Apply makeup to enhance or alter the appearance of people appearing in productions such as movies. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Alter or maintain makeup during productions as necessary to compensate for lighting changes or to achieve continuity of effect. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Select desired makeup shades from stock, or mix oil, grease, and coloring to achieve specific color effects. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cleanse and tone the skin to prepare it for makeup application. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Attach prostheses to performers and apply makeup to create special features or effects, such as scars, aging, or illness. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Design rubber or plastic prostheses that can be used to change performers' appearances. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Provide performers with makeup removal assistance after performances have been completed. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Demonstrate products to clients, and provide instruction in makeup application. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Wash and reset wigs. | E0 机器人不可 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 4K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 5K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +6.1%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $97,150
- 入职通常所需学历
- Postsecondary nondegree award
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 43152 | 특수 분장사 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 43153 | 분장사 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 43151 | 메이크업 아티스트 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 5142Beauticians and Related Workers
美容师及有关人员
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。
Beauticians and related workers, give facial and body beauty treatments, apply cosmetics and make-up and give other kinds of treatment to individuals in order to improve their appearance.
任务
- (a) cleaning and applying creams, lotions and related products to face and other parts of the body;
- (b) giving facial and body massage;
- (c) applying make-up to clients of a beauty parlour or to actors and other performers;
- (d) cleaning, shaping and polishing finger- and toe-nails and treating ailments of the human foot such as corns, calluses or deformed toe-nails;
- (e) attending to clients taking baths and administering elementary massage;
- (f) using waxing, sugaring and depilation techniques to remove unwanted bodily hair;
- (g) advising clients on diet and exercise to assist in weight loss and slimming;
- (h) arranging appointments and collecting payments.
职业示例
Bath attendant · Beautician · Make-up artist · Manicurist · Pedicurist · Slimming consultant
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- make-up artistESCO 5142.5范围相同
Make-up artists assist and support artists before, during and after the performance and filming of movies or television programs to ensure the make-up is in line with the artistic vision of the director and the artistic team. They create images and characters through make-up and prosthetics. They maintain, check and repair prosthetics and assist with quick changes.
- make-up and hair designerESCO 5142.4本职业范围更窄
Make-up and hair designers develop a design concept for make-up and hair of performers and supervise the execution of it. Their work is based on research and artistic vision. Their design is influenced by and influences other designs and must be conform with these designs and the overall artistic vision. Therefore, the designers work closely with artistic directors, operators and the artistic team. Make-up and hair designers develop sketches, design drawings or other documentation to support the workshop and performance crew. Make-up designers sometimes also work as autonomous artists, creating make-up art outside a performance context.
- body artistESCO 3435.4有重叠，但不相同
Body artists decorate clients' skin temporarily or permanently. They use various techniques such as tattooing or piercing. Body artists follow clients' preferences in terms of tattoo's or piercing's design and body surface and apply it safely. They also advise on methods to avoid infection following the procedures on clients' bodies.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| L1501 | Maquilleur / Maquilleuse spectacle | 范围相同 |
| D1208 | Esthéticien / Esthéticienne | 相关，但不对应 |
| L1517 | Chef coiffeur / Cheffe coiffeuse spectacle | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 5812 | Especialistas en tratamientos de estética, bienestar y afines | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 3739 | Otros técnicos y profesionales de apoyo de actividades culturales y artísticas | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 82342 | Berufe in der Maskenbildnerei - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 范围相同 |
| 82343 | Berufe in der Maskenbildnerei - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 383 | 美容サービス従事者（美容師を除く） | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源