Paperhangers

Construction and Extraction Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
47-2142.00

Cover interior walls or ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, or attach advertising posters on surfaces such as walls and billboards. May remove old materials or prepare surfaces to be papered.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    低· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.13

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 20 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项（5.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Measure surfaces or review work orders to estimate the quantities of materials needed.

O*NET Task ID 14916

0.5
Smooth strips or sections of paper with brushes or rollers to remove wrinkles and bubbles and to smooth joints.

O*NET Task ID 14906

0.0
Trim rough edges from strips, using straightedges and trimming knives.

O*NET Task ID 14907

0.0
Trim excess material at ceilings or baseboards, using knives.

O*NET Task ID 14908

0.0
Check finished wallcoverings for proper alignment, pattern matching, and neatness of seams.

O*NET Task ID 14909

0.0
Mark vertical guidelines on walls to align strips, using plumb bobs and chalk lines.

O*NET Task ID 14910

0.0
Cover interior walls and ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, using hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 14911

0.0
Apply adhesives to the backs of paper strips, using brushes, or dunk strips of prepasted wallcovering in water, wiping off any excess adhesive.

O*NET Task ID 14912

0.0
Measure and cut strips from rolls of wallpaper or fabric, using shears or razors.

O*NET Task ID 14913

0.0
Place strips or sections of paper on surfaces, aligning section edges and patterns.

O*NET Task ID 14914

0.0
Fill holes, cracks, and other surface imperfections preparatory to covering surfaces.

O*NET Task ID 14915

0.0
Apply sizing to seal surfaces and maximize adhesion of coverings to surfaces.

O*NET Task ID 14917

0.0
Smooth rough spots on walls and ceilings, using sandpaper.

O*NET Task ID 14918

0.0
Set up equipment, such as pasteboards and scaffolds.

O*NET Task ID 14919

0.0
Remove old paper, using water, steam machines, or solvents and scrapers.

O*NET Task ID 14920

0.0
Apply thinned glue to waterproof porous surfaces, using brushes, rollers, or pasting machines.

O*NET Task ID 14921

0.0
Mix paste, using paste powder and water, and brush paste onto surfaces.

O*NET Task ID 14922

0.0
Staple or tack advertising posters onto fences, walls, billboards, or poles.

O*NET Task ID 14923

0.0
Remove paint, varnish, dirt, and grease from surfaces, using paint remover and water soda solutions.

O*NET Task ID 14924

0.0
Apply acetic acid to damp plaster to prevent lime from bleeding through paper.

O*NET Task ID 14925

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（19 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Smooth strips or sections of paper with brushes or rollers to remove wrinkles and bubbles and to smooth joints.核心
Place strips or sections of paper on surfaces, aligning section edges and patterns.核心
Trim rough edges from strips, using straightedges and trimming knives.补充
Trim excess material at ceilings or baseboards, using knives.补充
Check finished wallcoverings for proper alignment, pattern matching, and neatness of seams.补充
Mark vertical guidelines on walls to align strips, using plumb bobs and chalk lines.补充
Cover interior walls and ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, using hand tools.补充
Apply adhesives to the backs of paper strips, using brushes, or dunk strips of prepasted wallcovering in water, wiping off any excess adhesive.补充
Measure and cut strips from rolls of wallpaper or fabric, using shears or razors.补充
Fill holes, cracks, and other surface imperfections preparatory to covering surfaces.补充
Measure surfaces or review work orders to estimate the quantities of materials needed.补充
Apply sizing to seal surfaces and maximize adhesion of coverings to surfaces.补充
Smooth rough spots on walls and ceilings, using sandpaper.补充
Set up equipment, such as pasteboards and scaffolds.补充
Remove old paper, using water, steam machines, or solvents and scrapers.补充
Apply thinned glue to waterproof porous surfaces, using brushes, rollers, or pasting machines.补充
Mix paste, using paste powder and water, and brush paste onto surfaces.补充
Staple or tack advertising posters onto fences, walls, billboards, or poles.补充
Remove paint, varnish, dirt, and grease from surfaces, using paint remover and water soda solutions.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
2K
预计就业人数，2035
2K
变化 (2025–35)
+4.3%
年薪中位数，2025
$52,140
入职通常所需学历
No formal educational credential
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
78351도배공范围相同已确认
95392전단지 배포원 및 벽보원相关，但不对应已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7131Painters and Related Workers

    油漆工及有关人员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Painters and related workers prepare surfaces of buildings and other structures for painting, apply protective and decorative coats of paint or similar materials, or cover interior walls and ceilings of buildings with wallpaper or other finishes.

任务

  • (a) cleaning and preparing walls and other surfaces of buildings for painting or wallpapering;
  • (b) selecting and preparing paints to required colours by mixing pigments and additives;
  • (c) applying or spraying paint, varnish, and similar materials to surfaces, fixtures and fittings of buildings;
  • (d) measuring and hanging wallpaper or other fabrics on interior walls and ceilings;
  • (e) applying paints, varnishes and stains to surfaces using brushes, rollers and sprays.

职业示例

Building painter · Paperhanger

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • paperhangerESCO 7131.2范围相同

    Paperhangers are specialised in hanging up wallpaper. They apply adhesives to the paper, or to the wall in the case of reinforced wallpaper, and fix the paper straight, well aligned, and avoiding the inclusion of air bubbles.

  • advertising installerESCO 9629.1本职业范围更宽

    Advertising installers attach posters and other advertisement materials on buildings, buses and underground transport and in other public places such as shopping malls, in order to attract the attention of passersby. They use equipment to climb buildings and reach higher places, following health and safety regulations and procedures.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
F1606Peintre en bâtiment本职业范围更窄暂定
I1201Agent / Agente technique d'affichage本职业范围更宽暂定
F1609Poseur / Poseuse de revêtements de sols相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7231Pintores y empapeladores本职业范围更窄暂定
9420Repartidores de publicidad, limpiabotas y otros trabajadores de oficios callejeros相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
33212Berufe für Maler- und Lackiererarbeiten - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更窄
51321Berufe für Post- und Zustelldienste - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
669その他の建設従事者本职业范围更窄

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源