Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters

O*NET-SOC 代码: 47-3015.00

Help plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, or pipelayers by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.09
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

已评分任务 15 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 0 项（0.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Cut or drill holes in walls or floors to accommodate the passage of pipes. O*NET Task ID 4857	0.0
Measure, cut, thread and assemble new pipe, placing the assembled pipe in hangers or other supports. O*NET Task ID 4858	0.0
Mount brackets and hangers on walls and ceilings to hold pipes, and set sleeves or inserts to provide support for pipes. O*NET Task ID 4859	0.0
Requisition tools and equipment, select type and size of pipe, and collect and transport materials and equipment to work site. O*NET Task ID 4860	0.0
Fit or assist in fitting valves, couplings, or assemblies to tanks, pumps, or systems, using hand tools. O*NET Task ID 4861	0.0
Assist pipe fitters in the layout, assembly, and installation of piping for air, ammonia, gas, and water systems. O*NET Task ID 4862	0.0
Excavate and grade ditches, and lay and join pipe for water and sewer service. O*NET Task ID 4863	0.0
Cut pipe and lift up to fitters. O*NET Task ID 4864	0.0
Disassemble and remove damaged or worn pipe. O*NET Task ID 4865	0.0
Clean shop, work area, and machines, using solvent and rags. O*NET Task ID 4866	0.0
Install gas burners to convert furnaces from wood, coal, or oil. O*NET Task ID 4867	0.0
Immerse pipe in chemical solution to remove dirt, oil, and scale. O*NET Task ID 4868	0.0
Clean and renew steam traps. O*NET Task ID 4869	0.0
Fill pipes with sand or resin to prevent distortion, and hold pipes during bending and installation. O*NET Task ID 4870	0.0
Perform rough-ins, repair and replace fixtures and water heaters, and locate, repair, or remove leaking or broken pipes. O*NET Task ID 20144	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（15 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Cut or drill holes in walls or floors to accommodate the passage of pipes.	核心
Measure, cut, thread and assemble new pipe, placing the assembled pipe in hangers or other supports.	核心
Mount brackets and hangers on walls and ceilings to hold pipes, and set sleeves or inserts to provide support for pipes.	核心
Requisition tools and equipment, select type and size of pipe, and collect and transport materials and equipment to work site.	核心
Fit or assist in fitting valves, couplings, or assemblies to tanks, pumps, or systems, using hand tools.	核心
Assist pipe fitters in the layout, assembly, and installation of piping for air, ammonia, gas, and water systems.	核心
Excavate and grade ditches, and lay and join pipe for water and sewer service.	核心
Cut pipe and lift up to fitters.	核心
Disassemble and remove damaged or worn pipe.	核心
Clean shop, work area, and machines, using solvent and rags.	核心
Perform rough-ins, repair and replace fixtures and water heaters, and locate, repair, or remove leaking or broken pipes.	核心
Install gas burners to convert furnaces from wood, coal, or oil.	补充
Immerse pipe in chemical solution to remove dirt, oil, and scale.	补充
Clean and renew steam traps.	补充
Fill pipes with sand or resin to prevent distortion, and hold pipes during bending and installation.	补充

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.80/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Cut or drill holes in walls or floors to accommodate the passage of pipes.	E1 机器人专用设施
Measure, cut, thread and assemble new pipe, placing the assembled pipe in hangers or other supports.	E1 机器人专用设施
Mount brackets and hangers on walls and ceilings to hold pipes, and set sleeves or inserts to provide support for pipes.	E1 机器人专用设施
Requisition tools and equipment, select type and size of pipe, and collect and transport materials and equipment to work site.	E1 机器人专用设施
Fit or assist in fitting valves, couplings, or assemblies to tanks, pumps, or systems, using hand tools.	E1 机器人专用设施
Assist pipe fitters in the layout, assembly, and installation of piping for air, ammonia, gas, and water systems.	E1 机器人专用设施
Excavate and grade ditches, and lay and join pipe for water and sewer service.	E0 机器人不可
Cut pipe and lift up to fitters.	E1 机器人专用设施
Disassemble and remove damaged or worn pipe.	E1 机器人专用设施
Clean shop, work area, and machines, using solvent and rags.	E1 机器人专用设施
Perform rough-ins, repair and replace fixtures and water heaters, and locate, repair, or remove leaking or broken pipes.	E0 机器人不可
Install gas burners to convert furnaces from wood, coal, or oil.	E0 机器人不可
Immerse pipe in chemical solution to remove dirt, oil, and scale.	E1 机器人专用设施
Clean and renew steam traps.	E0 机器人不可
Fill pipes with sand or resin to prevent distortion, and hold pipes during bending and installation.	E1 机器人专用设施

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025: 45K
预计就业人数，2035: 46K
变化 (2025–35): +2.4%
年薪中位数，2025: $42,360
入职通常所需学历: High school diploma or equivalent

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
91001	건설 단순 종사원	本职业范围更窄	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 9313Building Construction Labourers
房屋建筑辅助工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Building construction labourers perform routine tasks in connection with building construction and demolition work.

任务

(a) cleaning used building bricks and doing other simple work on demolition sites;
(b) mixing, pouring and spreading materials such as concrete, plaster and mortar;
(c) digging and filling holes and trenches using hand held tools;
(d) spreading sand, soil, gravel and similar materials;
(e) loading and unloading construction materials, excavated material and equipment and transporting them around construction sites using wheelbarrows, hods and hand trucks;
(f) cleaning work sites and removing obstructions.

职业示例

Bricklayer's assistant · Construction labourer (building work) · Demolition labourer · Hod carrier

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

pipeline maintenance workerESCO 7126.7有重叠，但不相同
Pipeline maintenance workers operate different equipment to keep the suitability of the pipelines. They perform checks for deviations and administer chemicals according to the needs and cleaning aim (e.g. corrosion shunning)
plumberESCO 7126.8有重叠，但不相同
Plumbers maintain and install water, gas and sewage systems. They inspect pipes and fixtures on a regular basis or make repairs as needed. They bend, cut, and install pipes. They test systems and make adjustments safely and following regulations. They place sanitary equipment.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
F1603	Plombier / Plombière sanitaire	相关，但不对应暂定
F1620	Installateur / Installatrice chauffage et climatisation	相关，但不对应暂定
F1705	Poseur / Poseuse de canalisations	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
9602	Peones de la construcción de edificios	本职业范围更窄
9601	Peones de obras públicas	相关，但不对应

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
34201	Berufe in der Klempnerei (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten	本职业范围更窄
32201	Berufe im Tiefbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten	相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
666	配管従事者	本职业范围更窄暂定
681	土木従事者	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源