Construction and Building Inspectors

O*NET-SOC 代码: 47-4011.00

Inspect structures using engineering skills to determine structural soundness and compliance with specifications, building codes, and other regulations. Inspections may be general in nature or may be limited to a specific area, such as electrical systems or plumbing.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.048
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.28
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 19 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 10 项（52.6%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Maintain daily logs and supplement inspection records with photographs. O*NET Task ID 870	0.5
Review and interpret plans, blueprints, site layouts, specifications, or construction methods to ensure compliance to legal requirements and safety regulations. O*NET Task ID 871	0.5
Measure dimensions and verify level, alignment, or elevation of structures or fixtures to ensure compliance to building plans and codes. O*NET Task ID 873	0.5
Issue permits for construction, relocation, demolition, or occupancy. O*NET Task ID 875	0.5
Conduct environmental hazard inspections to identify or quantify problems, such as asbestos, poor air quality, water contamination, or other environmental hazards. O*NET Task ID 19863	0.5
Evaluate project details to ensure adherence to environmental regulations. O*NET Task ID 19864	0.5
Inspect facilities or installations to determine their environmental impact. O*NET Task ID 19865	0.5
Monitor construction activities to ensure that environmental regulations are not violated. O*NET Task ID 19866	0.5
Approve building plans that meet required specifications. O*NET Task ID 20447	0.5
Estimate cost of completed work or of needed renovations or upgrades. O*NET Task ID 20449	0.5
Inspect bridges, dams, highways, buildings, wiring, plumbing, electrical circuits, sewers, heating systems, or foundations during and after construction for structural quality, general safety, or conformance to specifications and codes. O*NET Task ID 869	0.0
Inspect and monitor construction sites to ensure adherence to safety standards, building codes, or specifications. O*NET Task ID 872	0.0
Monitor installation of plumbing, wiring, equipment, or appliances to ensure that installation is performed properly and is in compliance with applicable regulations. O*NET Task ID 878	0.0
Train, direct, or supervise other construction inspectors. O*NET Task ID 880	0.0
Sample and test air to identify gasses, such as bromine, ozone, or sulfur dioxide, or particulates, such as mold, dust, or allergens. O*NET Task ID 19867	0.0
Conduct inspections, using survey instruments, metering devices, tape measures, or test equipment. O*NET Task ID 20445	0.0
Confer with owners, violators, or authorities to explain regulations or recommend remedial actions. O*NET Task ID 20446	0.0
Examine lifting or conveying devices, such as elevators, escalators, moving sidewalks, hoists, inclined railways, ski lifts, or amusement rides to ensure safety and proper functioning. O*NET Task ID 20448	0.0
Evaluate premises for cleanliness, such as proper garbage disposal or lack of vermin infestation. O*NET Task ID 20450	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（19 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Inspect bridges, dams, highways, buildings, wiring, plumbing, electrical circuits, sewers, heating systems, or foundations during and after construction for structural quality, general safety, or conformance to specifications and codes.	核心
Maintain daily logs and supplement inspection records with photographs.	核心
Review and interpret plans, blueprints, site layouts, specifications, or construction methods to ensure compliance to legal requirements and safety regulations.	核心
Inspect and monitor construction sites to ensure adherence to safety standards, building codes, or specifications.	核心
Measure dimensions and verify level, alignment, or elevation of structures or fixtures to ensure compliance to building plans and codes.	核心
Issue permits for construction, relocation, demolition, or occupancy.	核心
Monitor installation of plumbing, wiring, equipment, or appliances to ensure that installation is performed properly and is in compliance with applicable regulations.	核心
Train, direct, or supervise other construction inspectors.	核心
Conduct inspections, using survey instruments, metering devices, tape measures, or test equipment.	核心
Confer with owners, violators, or authorities to explain regulations or recommend remedial actions.	核心
Approve building plans that meet required specifications.	核心
Conduct environmental hazard inspections to identify or quantify problems, such as asbestos, poor air quality, water contamination, or other environmental hazards.	补充
Evaluate project details to ensure adherence to environmental regulations.	补充
Inspect facilities or installations to determine their environmental impact.	补充
Monitor construction activities to ensure that environmental regulations are not violated.	补充
Sample and test air to identify gasses, such as bromine, ozone, or sulfur dioxide, or particulates, such as mold, dust, or allergens.	补充
Examine lifting or conveying devices, such as elevators, escalators, moving sidewalks, hoists, inclined railways, ski lifts, or amusement rides to ensure safety and proper functioning.	补充
Estimate cost of completed work or of needed renovations or upgrades.	补充
Evaluate premises for cleanliness, such as proper garbage disposal or lack of vermin infestation.	补充

Anthropic「What work can robots do?」2026-09

0.20/ 3· 机器人暴露指数

0 不可3 非结构化环境

尺度 · 母数 · 来源

对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均

以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准

等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。

来源数据集

机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。

每项体力任务的等级

机器人环境等级（E0–E3）

E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地

仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。

任务（O*NET 29.3）	机器人环境等级
Inspect bridges, dams, highways, buildings, wiring, plumbing, electrical circuits, sewers, heating systems, or foundations during and after construction for structural quality, general safety, or conformance to specifications and codes.	E0 机器人不可
Maintain daily logs and supplement inspection records with photographs.	E1 机器人专用设施
Inspect and monitor construction sites to ensure adherence to safety standards, building codes, or specifications.	E0 机器人不可
Measure dimensions and verify level, alignment, or elevation of structures or fixtures to ensure compliance to building plans and codes.	E1 机器人专用设施
Monitor installation of plumbing, wiring, equipment, or appliances to ensure that installation is performed properly and is in compliance with applicable regulations.	E0 机器人不可
Conduct inspections, using survey instruments, metering devices, tape measures, or test equipment.	E1 机器人专用设施
Conduct environmental hazard inspections to identify or quantify problems, such as asbestos, poor air quality, water contamination, or other environmental hazards.	E0 机器人不可
Inspect facilities or installations to determine their environmental impact.	E0 机器人不可
Monitor construction activities to ensure that environmental regulations are not violated.	E0 机器人不可
Sample and test air to identify gasses, such as bromine, ozone, or sulfur dioxide, or particulates, such as mold, dust, or allergens.	E2 受管理的设施
Examine lifting or conveying devices, such as elevators, escalators, moving sidewalks, hoists, inclined railways, ski lifts, or amusement rides to ensure safety and proper functioning.	E0 机器人不可
Evaluate premises for cleanliness, such as proper garbage disposal or lack of vermin infestation.	E0 机器人不可

就业展望（BLS）

这些数值属于整个 SOC 47-4011 组（Construction and building inspectors），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。

就业人数，2025: 154K
预计就业人数，2035: 154K
变化 (2025–35): +0%
年薪中位数，2025: $74,690
入职通常所需学历: High school diploma or equivalent

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
23122	건축감리 기술자	有重叠，但不相同	已确认
23125	건축안전 기술자	有重叠，但不相同	已确认
23415	전기 감리 기술자 및 연구원	有重叠，但不相同	已确认
23659	그 외 소방‧방재 및 산업안전 시험원	有重叠，但不相同	已确认
23134	토목안전 기술자	相关，但不对应	已确认
23142	조경감리 기술자	相关，但不对应	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 3112Civil Engineering Technicians
土木工程技术员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Civil engineering technicians perform technical tasks in civil engineering research and in the design, construction, operation, maintenance and repair of buildings and other structures such as water supply and wastewater treatment systems, bridges, roads, dams and airports.

任务

(a) performing or assisting with field and laboratory tests of soils and construction materials;
(b) providing technical assistance connected with the construction of buildings and other structures, and with surveys or the preparation of survey reports;
(c) ensuring compliance with design specifications, relevant legislation and regulations, and maintenance of desired standards of materials and work;
(d) applying technical knowledge of building and civil engineering principles and practices in order to identify and solve problems arising;
(e) assisting with the preparation of detailed estimates of quantities and costs of materials and labour required for projects, according to the specifications given;
(f) organizing maintenance and repairs;
(g) inspecting buildings and structures during and after construction to ensure that they comply with building, grading, zoning and safety laws and approved plans, specifications and standards, as well as with other rules concerning quality and safety of buildings; (h) inspecting industrial plant, hotels, cinemas and other buildings and structures to detect fire hazards and advise on how they can be removed; (i) advising on the installation of fire detectors and sprinkler systems and the use of materials in the construction of buildings, and means of transportation to reduce risk of fire and extent of damage and danger if fire occurs.

职业示例

Building inspector · Building surveyor · Civil engineering technician · Clerk of Works · Fire inspector · Fire prevention specialist · Geotechnical technician · Surveying technician

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

bridge inspectorESCO 3112.1.1本职业范围更宽
Bridge inspectors inspect bridge structures for joint break, cracks, rust and other faults. They also carry out or organise the maintenance of the structures.
building inspectorESCO 3112.1.2本职业范围更宽
Building inspectors perform inspections of buildings to determine compliance with specifications for various focuses of assessment. They observe and determine the suitability of construction, quality and resistance, and general compliance with regulations.
construction quality inspectorESCO 3112.1.3本职业范围更宽
Construction quality inspectors monitor the activities at larger construction sites to make sure everything happens according to standards and specifications. They pay close attention to potential safety problems and take samples of products to test for conformity with standards and specifications.
construction safety inspectorESCO 3112.2本职业范围更宽
Construction safety inspectors monitor construction sites and their conformity to health and safety regulations. They perform inspections, identify safety hazards and report on their findings.
utilities inspectorESCO 3119.17本职业范围更宽
Utilities inspectors examine products, systems and machiney such as sewer, water, gas or electric turbines ensuring they are built and functioning according to regulations. They write inspection reports and provide recommendations to improve the systems and repair the broken components.\

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
F1130	Contrôleur / Contrôleuse technique de la construction (CTC)	本职业范围更宽暂定
H1305	Vérificateur / Vérificatrice de conformité industrielle	相关，但不对应
F1103	Diagnostiqueur / Diagnostiqueuse immobilier	相关，但不对应暂定
H1301	Inspecteur / Inspectrice de conformité	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
3122	Técnicos en construcción	本职业范围更窄

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
31163	Bausachverständige und Baukontrolleure/-kontrolleurinnen - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	范围相同暂定
31164	Bausachverständige und Baukontrolleure/-kontrolleurinnen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	相关，但不对应暂定
33243	Berufe im Holz- und Bautenschutz - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
091	建築技術者	本职业范围更窄
092	土木技術者	相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源