Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic

Production Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
51-4062.00

Lay out, machine, fit, and assemble castings and parts to metal or plastic foundry patterns, core boxes, or match plates.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    中等· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.20

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 15 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 4 项（26.7%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %
Verify conformance of patterns or template dimensions to specifications, using measuring instruments such as calipers, scales, and micrometers.

51-4062.00

0.0124100.0
Not observed on any surface — 13 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Set up and operate machine tools, such as milling machines, lathes, drill presses, and grinders, to machine castings or patterns.
—0
Read and interpret blueprints or drawings of parts to be cast or patterns to be made, compute dimensions, and plan operational sequences.
—0
Program computerized numerical control machine tools.
—0
Design and create templates, patterns, or coreboxes according to work orders, sample parts, or mockups.
—0
Assemble pattern sections, using hand tools, bolts, screws, rivets, glue, or welding equipment.
—0
Repair and rework templates and patterns.
—0
Lay out and draw or scribe patterns onto material, using compasses, protractors, rulers, scribes, or other instruments.
—0
Clean and finish patterns or templates, using emery cloths, files, scrapers, and power grinders.
—0
Construct platforms, fixtures, and jigs for holding and placing patterns.
—0
Mark identification numbers or symbols onto patterns or templates.
—0
Select pattern materials such as wood, resin, and fiberglass.
—0
Apply plastic-impregnated fabrics or coats of sealing wax or lacquer to patterns used to produce plastic.
—0
Paint or lacquer patterns.
—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（15 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Set up and operate machine tools, such as milling machines, lathes, drill presses, and grinders, to machine castings or patterns.核心
Read and interpret blueprints or drawings of parts to be cast or patterns to be made, compute dimensions, and plan operational sequences.核心
Verify conformance of patterns or template dimensions to specifications, using measuring instruments such as calipers, scales, and micrometers.核心
Design and create templates, patterns, or coreboxes according to work orders, sample parts, or mockups.核心
Assemble pattern sections, using hand tools, bolts, screws, rivets, glue, or welding equipment.核心
Repair and rework templates and patterns.核心
Lay out and draw or scribe patterns onto material, using compasses, protractors, rulers, scribes, or other instruments.核心
Clean and finish patterns or templates, using emery cloths, files, scrapers, and power grinders.核心
Construct platforms, fixtures, and jigs for holding and placing patterns.核心
Mark identification numbers or symbols onto patterns or templates.核心
Select pattern materials such as wood, resin, and fiberglass.核心
Paint or lacquer patterns.核心
Program computerized numerical control machine tools.补充
Apply plastic-impregnated fabrics or coats of sealing wax or lacquer to patterns used to produce plastic.补充
Create computer models of patterns or parts, using modeling software.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
2K
预计就业人数，2035
1K
变化 (2025–35)
-22.8%
年薪中位数，2025
$58,000
入职通常所需学历
High school diploma or equivalent
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
74022주형원有重叠，但不相同已审核

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7222Toolmakers and Related Workers

    工具制作工及有关人员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Toolmakers and related workers make and repair custom-made and specialised tools, sports guns, locks, dies, patterns, machinery components and other metal articles using hand and machine tools to work metal to fine tolerances.

任务

  • (a) reading and interpreting engineering drawings and specifications of tools, dies, prototypes or models;
  • (b) preparing templates and sketches, and determining work processes;
  • (c) visualizing and computing dimensions, sizes, shapes and tolerances of assemblies, based on specifications;
  • (d) positioning, securing and measuring metal stock or castings to lay out for machining;
  • (e) setting up, operating and maintaining conventional and computer numerically controlled machine tools to cut, turn, mill, plane, drill, bore, grind or otherwise shape work pieces to prescribed dimensions and finish;
  • (f) fitting and assembling parts to make and repair jigs, fixtures and gauges;
  • (g) repairing and modifying sports guns and other small arms;
  • (h) making, fitting, assembling, repairing and installing lock parts and locks;
  • (i) making and repairing metal patterns for preparation of foundry moulds;
  • (j) laying out lines and reference points on metal stock to guide other workers who cut, turn, mill, grind or otherwise shape metal;
  • (k) verifying dimensions, alignments and clearances of finished parts for conformity with specifications, using precision measuring instruments and testing completed items for proper operation.

职业示例

Die maker · Gunsmith · Jig maker · Locksmith · Patternmaker · Toolmaker

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • casting mould makerESCO 7222.1有重叠，但不相同

    Casting mould makers create metal, wooden or plastic models of the finished product to be cast. The patterns are then used to create moulds, eventually leading to the casting of the product of the same shape as the pattern.

  • mouldmakerESCO 7211.1.3有重叠，但不相同

    Mouldmakers manually create moulds for the production of metal products. They mix sand and hardening materials to obtain a specialised mixture. They then use a pattern and one or more cores to produce the right shape impression in this material. The shaped material is then left to set, later to be used as a mould in the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metal castings.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
H2908Modeleur / Modeleuse本职业范围更窄暂定
H2910Mouleur noyauteur / Mouleuse noyauteuse machine相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7322Trabajadores de la fabricación de herramientas, mecánico-ajustadores, modelistas, matriceros y afines本职业范围更窄暂定
7311Moldeadores y macheros相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
27232Berufe im Modellbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更窄

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
522鋳物製造・鍛造従事者相关，但不对应
539その他の製品製造・加工処理従事者（金属製品を除く）相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源