Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders

Production Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
51-9021.00

Set up, operate, or tend machines to crush, grind, or polish materials, such as coal, glass, grain, stone, food, or rubber.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    中等· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.043

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.17–0.23· ISCO-08 职业组 4 个

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
  • ISCO-08 8112Mineral and Stone Processing Plant Operators0.21
  • ISCO-08 8114Cement, Stone and Other Mineral Products Machine Operators0.23
  • ISCO-08 8141Rubber Products Machine Operators0.18
  • ISCO-08 8181Glass and Ceramics Plant Operators0.17

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 22 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 2 项（9.1%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %
Record data from operations, testing, and production on specified forms.

51-9021.00

0.0022100.0
Not observed on any surface — 21 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Read work orders to determine production specifications and information.
—0
Observe operation of equipment to ensure continuity of flow, safety, and efficient operation, and to detect malfunctions.
—0
Move controls to start, stop, or adjust machinery and equipment that crushes, grinds, polishes, or blends materials.
—0
Examine materials, ingredients, or products, visually or with hands, to ensure conformance to established standards.
—0
Weigh or measure materials, ingredients, or products at specified intervals to ensure conformance to requirements.
—0
Clean, adjust and maintain equipment, using hand tools.
—0
Notify supervisors of needed repairs.
—0
Set mill gauges to specified fineness of grind.
—0
Reject defective products and readjust equipment to eliminate problems.
—0
Clean work areas.
—0
Transfer materials, supplies, and products between work areas, using moving equipment and hand tools.
—0
Dislodge and clear jammed materials or other items from machinery and equipment, using hand tools.
—0
Inspect chains, belts, or scrolls for signs of wear.
—0
Tend accessory equipment, such as pumps and conveyors, to move materials or ingredients through production processes.
—0
Test samples of materials or products to ensure compliance with specifications, using test equipment.
—0
Collect samples of materials or products for laboratory testing.
—0
Mark bins as to types of mixtures stored.
—0
Turn valves to regulate the moisture contents of materials.
—0
Load materials into machinery and equipment, using hand tools.
—0
Add or mix chemicals and ingredients for processing, using hand tools or other devices.
—0
Break mixtures to size, using picks.
—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（21 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Read work orders to determine production specifications and information.核心
Observe operation of equipment to ensure continuity of flow, safety, and efficient operation, and to detect malfunctions.核心
Move controls to start, stop, or adjust machinery and equipment that crushes, grinds, polishes, or blends materials.核心
Record data from operations, testing, and production on specified forms.核心
Examine materials, ingredients, or products, visually or with hands, to ensure conformance to established standards.核心
Weigh or measure materials, ingredients, or products at specified intervals to ensure conformance to requirements.核心
Clean, adjust, and maintain equipment, using hand tools.核心
Notify supervisors of needed repairs.核心
Reject defective products and readjust equipment to eliminate problems.核心
Clean work areas.核心
Dislodge and clear jammed materials or other items from machinery and equipment, using hand tools.核心
Inspect chains, belts, or scrolls for signs of wear.核心
Tend accessory equipment, such as pumps and conveyors, to move materials or ingredients through production processes.核心
Set mill gauges to specified fineness of grind.补充
Transfer materials, supplies, and products between work areas, using moving equipment and hand tools.补充
Test samples of materials or products to ensure compliance with specifications, using test equipment.补充
Collect samples of materials or products for laboratory testing.补充
Mark bins as to types of mixtures stored.补充
Turn valves to regulate the moisture contents of materials.补充
Load materials into machinery and equipment, using hand tools.补充
Add or mix chemicals and ingredients for processing, using hand tools or other devices.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
27K
预计就业人数，2035
26K
变化 (2025–35)
-1.7%
年薪中位数，2025
$48,540
入职通常所需学历
High school diploma or equivalent
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
81111곡물 및 사료 제분기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
81112조미료 제분기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
81113도정기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
81119그 외 제분 및 도정 관련 기계 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
83121화학물 분쇄기·마쇄기 및 혼합기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
84341광석 및 석재 가공장치 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
81903설탕 제조 관련 기계 조작원相关，但不对应已确认
83229그 외 타이어 및 고무제품 생산기 조작원相关，但不对应已确认
84331시멘트 및 석회 제조 관련 조작원相关，但不对应已确认
84342석제품 가공기 조작원相关，但不对应已确认
84391유약 생산기 조작원相关，但不对应已确认
84399그 외 비금속제품 관련 생산기 조작원相关，但不对应已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 8112Mineral and Stone Processing Plant Operators

    矿物和石材加工厂操作工

  • ISCO-08 8114Cement, Stone and Other Mineral Products Machine Operators

    水泥、石材及其他矿物制品机器操作工

  • ISCO-08 8141Rubber Products Machine Operators

    橡胶制品机器操作工

  • ISCO-08 8181Glass and Ceramics Plant Operators

    玻璃和陶瓷生产装置操作工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • mineral processing operatorESCO 8112.2本职业范围更窄

    Mineral processing operators operate a variety of plants and equipment to convert raw materials into marketable products. They provide the appropriate information on the process to the control room.

  • cylindrical grinder operatorESCO 8122.4本职业范围更宽

    Cylindrical grinding operators set up and tend cylindrical grinding machines designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by multiple abrasive grinding wheels with diamond teeth as a cutting device for very precise and light cuts, as the workpiece is fed past it and formed into a cylinder.

  • distillery millerESCO 8160.26本职业范围更宽

    Distillery millers tend distillery mills in order to clean and grind whole grain for use in production of distilled liquors. They tend cleaning machines to remove impurities from grains followed by the grinding and weighing of grains. They perform daily maintenance on pumps, air-conveyor chutes and machines.

  • grinding machine operatorESCO 7223.4.2本职业范围更宽

    Grinding machine operators set up, program and control grinding machines, designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by using an abrasive wheel with diamond teeth as a cutting device for very precise and light cuts. They read grinding machine blueprints and tooling instructions, perform regular machine maintenance, and make adjustments to the grinding controls, such as the depth of cuts and the rotation speed.

  • liquor grinding mill operatorESCO 8160.42本职业范围更宽

    Liquor grinding mill operators run mills that grind cracked cocoa beans or nibs of cocoa bean paste as to obtain liquid chocolate of specified consistency. They operate hoppers by sliding their gates to release cocoa nibs which then go through grinding stones.

  • mineral crushing operatorESCO 8112.1本职业范围更宽

    Mineral crushing operators operate and monitor crushers and other machines to crush materials and minerals. They move stones to the crushers, fill the machines with minerals, monitor the crushing process and ensure that the end products meet requirements.

  • soap chipperESCO 8131.19.1本职业范围更宽

    Soap chippers operate the machinery that turns soap bars into soap chips, making sure the end product is according to specifications. They also handle the transfer and storage of soap chips.

  • surface grinding machine operatorESCO 8122.11本职业范围更宽

    Surface grinding machine operators set up and tend surface grinding machines designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by an abrasive grinding wheel, or wash grinder, rotating on a horizontal or vertical axis.

  • stone polisherESCO 8114.7有重叠，但不相同

    Stone polishers operate grinding and polishing tools and equipment in order to smooth stones.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
H3309Préparateur / Préparatrice de mélange en industrie有重叠，但不相同暂定
H2810Agent / Agente technique de centrale à enrobés相关，但不对应
H2809Opérateur / Opératrice de poste centralisé en cimenterie相关，但不对应暂定
H3303Cuisinier / Cuisinière en industrie chimique相关，但不对应暂定
H3401Opérateur / Opératrice de traitement d'abrasion de surface相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
8112Operadores en instalaciones para la preparación de minerales y rocas相关，但不对应暂定
8114Operadores de maquinaria para fabricar productos derivados de minerales no metálicos相关，但不对应暂定
8160Operadores de máquinas para elaborar productos alimenticios, bebidas y tabaco相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
21212Berufe in der Naturstein- und Mineralaufbereitung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
24222Berufe in der schleifenden Metallbearbeitung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应
29212Berufe in der Mühlenprodukt- und Futtermittelherstellung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应
21213Berufe in der Naturstein- und Mineralaufbereitung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
531化学製品製造従事者相关，但不对应暂定
532窯業・土石製品製造従事者相关，但不对应暂定
533食料品製造従事者相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源