Driver/Sales Workers

Transportation and Material Moving Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
53-3031.00

Drive truck or other vehicle over established routes or within an established territory and sell or deliver goods, such as food products, including restaurant take-out items, or pick up or deliver items such as commercial laundry. May also take orders, collect payment, or stock merchandise at point of delivery.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    中等· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.028

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.28

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 12 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 5 项（41.7%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Write customer orders and sales contracts according to company guidelines.

O*NET Task ID 3157

1.0
Record sales or delivery information on daily sales or delivery record.

O*NET Task ID 3161

1.0
Collect money from customers, make change, and record transactions on customer receipts.

O*NET Task ID 3154

0.5
Listen to and resolve customers' complaints regarding products or services.

O*NET Task ID 3155

0.5
Inform regular customers of new products or services and price changes.

O*NET Task ID 3156

0.5
Drive trucks to deliver such items as food, medical supplies, or newspapers.

O*NET Task ID 3158

0.0
Collect coins from vending machines, refill machines, and remove aged merchandise.

O*NET Task ID 3159

0.0
Call on prospective customers to explain company services or to solicit new business.

O*NET Task ID 3160

0.0
Review lists of dealers, customers, or station drops and load trucks.

O*NET Task ID 3162

0.0
Arrange merchandise and sales promotion displays or issue sales promotion materials to customers.

O*NET Task ID 3163

0.0
Maintain trucks and food-dispensing equipment and clean inside of machines that dispense food or beverages.

O*NET Task ID 3164

0.0
Sell food specialties, such as sandwiches and beverages, to office workers and patrons of sports events.

O*NET Task ID 3165

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（11 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Collect money from customers, make change, and record transactions on customer receipts.核心
Listen to and resolve customers' complaints regarding products or services.核心
Inform regular customers of new products or services and price changes.核心
Drive trucks to deliver such items as food, medical supplies, or newspapers.核心
Record sales or delivery information on daily sales or delivery record.核心
Maintain trucks and food-dispensing equipment and clean inside of machines that dispense food or beverages.核心
Write customer orders and sales contracts according to company guidelines.补充
Collect coins from vending machines, refill machines, and remove aged merchandise.补充
Review lists of dealers, customers, or station drops and load trucks.补充
Arrange merchandise and sales promotion displays or issue sales promotion materials to customers.补充
Sell food specialties, such as sandwiches and beverages, to office workers and patrons of sports events.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
443K
预计就业人数，2035
478K
变化 (2025–35)
+7.9%
年薪中位数，2025
$38,770
入职通常所需学历
High school diploma or equivalent
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
92241식음료 정기배달원本职业范围更宽已确认
92242신문 정기배달원本职业范围更宽已确认
92249그 외 정기배달원本职业范围更宽已确认
92291음식점 배달원本职业范围更宽已确认
92299그 외 배달원有重叠，但不相同已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 8322Car, Taxi and Van Drivers

    小汽车、出租车和厢式货车驾驶员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Car, taxi and van drivers drive and tend motor cars and vans to transport passengers, mail or goods.

任务

  • (a) driving and tending passenger, vans, cars or taxis;
  • (b) driving and tending cars, vans or small trucks to deliver mail or goods;
  • (c) assisting passengers with handling of luggage;
  • (d) collecting fares, payments for deliveries, or documents certifying deliveries;
  • (e) operating telecommunications equipment to report location and availability, and follow directions of control centre;
  • (f) determining most appropriate route;
  • (g) assisting physically challenged passengers;
  • (h) operating equipment to facilitate the loading and unloading of physically challenged passengers.

职业示例

Ambulance driver · Car driver · Parking Valet · Taxi driver · Van driver

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • motorcycle delivery personESCO 8321.1本职业范围更宽

    Motorcycle delivery persons perform the transportation of all kinds of packets containing objects, loose pieces, prepared meals, medications and documents that require special treatment in terms of urgency, value or fragility. They transport and deliver their packets by motorcycle.

  • bicycle courierESCO 9331.1有重叠，但不相同

    Bicycle couriers collect and deliver packages and mail by bicycle.

  • cargo vehicle driverESCO 8332.2有重叠，但不相同

    Cargo vehicle drivers operate vehicles such as trucks and vans. They may also take care of the loading and unloading of cargo.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
N4105Conducteur-livreur / Conductrice-livreuse有重叠，但不相同暂定
D1110Vendeur ambulant / Vendeuse ambulante相关，但不对应暂定
N4104Coursier / Coursière相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
8412Conductores asalariados de automóviles, taxis y furgonetas本职业范围更窄暂定
8411Conductores propietarios de automóviles, taxis y furgonetas相关，但不对应暂定
8440Conductores de motocicletas y ciclomotores相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
52182Fahrzeugführer/innen im Straßenverkehr (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
62122Verkaufsstand- und Marktverkäufer/innen - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
705配達員本职业范围更窄
341食料品営業職業従事者相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源