Construction Managers
Management Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 11-9021.00
Plan, direct, or coordinate, usually through subordinate supervisory personnel, activities concerned with the construction and maintenance of structures, facilities, and systems. Participate in the conceptual development of a construction project and oversee its organization, scheduling, budgeting, and implementation. Includes managers in specialized construction fields, such as carpentry or plumbing.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.119
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.14–0.34· 2 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 1323Construction Managers0.34
- ISCO-08 7111House Builders0.14
Task-level exposure
Show 18 hidden tasks25 rated tasks · 21 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (84.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Interpret and explain plans and contract terms to representatives of the owner or developer, including administrative staff, workers, or clients.11-9021.00 | 0.007629.9 | 0.003128.2 |
Plan, organize, or direct activities concerned with the construction or maintenance of structures, facilities, or systems.11-9021.00 | 0.004417.2 | 0.004742.7 |
Study job specifications to determine appropriate construction methods.11-9021.00 | 0.004116.4 | —0 |
Confer with supervisory personnel, owners, contractors, or design professionals to discuss and resolve matters, such as work procedures, complaints, or construction problems.11-9021.00 | 0.003815.2 | 0.001614.6 |
Evaluate construction methods and determine cost-effectiveness of plans, using computer models.11-9021.00 | 0.00228.6 | 0.001614.6 |
Prepare contracts or negotiate revisions to contractual agreements with architects, consultants, clients, suppliers, or subcontractors.11-9021.00 | 0.00176.6 | —0 |
Develop or implement quality control programs.11-9021.00 | 0.00166.1 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Interpret and explain plans and contract terms to representatives of the owner or developer, including administrative staff, workers, or clients.O*NET Task ID 20336 | 1.0 |
Plan, organize, or direct activities concerned with the construction or maintenance of structures, facilities, or systems.O*NET Task ID 3315 | 0.5 |
Determine labor requirements for dispatching workers to construction sites.O*NET Task ID 3317 | 0.5 |
Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with building and safety codes or other regulations.O*NET Task ID 3318 | 0.5 |
Study job specifications to determine appropriate construction methods.O*NET Task ID 3323 | 0.5 |
Requisition supplies or materials to complete construction projects.O*NET Task ID 3325 | 0.5 |
Prepare and submit budget estimates, progress reports, or cost tracking reports.O*NET Task ID 3326 | 0.5 |
Develop or implement quality control programs.O*NET Task ID 3327 | 0.5 |
Apply green building strategies to reduce energy costs or minimize carbon output or other sources of harm to the environment.O*NET Task ID 19518 | 0.5 |
Develop construction budgets to compare green and non-green construction alternatives, in terms of short-term costs, long-term costs, or environmental impacts.O*NET Task ID 19519 | 0.5 |
Develop or implement environmental protection programs.O*NET Task ID 19520 | 0.5 |
Implement training programs on environmentally responsible building topics to update employee skills and knowledge.O*NET Task ID 19521 | 0.5 |
Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with environmental regulations.O*NET Task ID 19522 | 0.5 |
Perform, or contract others to perform, pre-building assessments, such as conceptual cost estimating, rough order of magnitude estimating, feasibility, or energy efficiency, environmental, and sustainability assessments.O*NET Task ID 19523 | 0.5 |
Secure third-party verification from sources, such as Leadership in Energy Efficient Design (LEED), to ensure responsible design and building activities or to achieve favorable LEED ratings for building projects.O*NET Task ID 19524 | 0.5 |
Plan, schedule, or coordinate construction project activities to meet deadlines.O*NET Task ID 20332 | 0.5 |
Investigate damage, accidents, or delays at construction sites to ensure that proper construction procedures are being followed.O*NET Task ID 20333 | 0.5 |
Prepare contracts or negotiate revisions to contractual agreements with architects, consultants, clients, suppliers, or subcontractors.O*NET Task ID 20334 | 0.5 |
Implement new or modified plans in response to delays, bad weather, or construction site emergencies.O*NET Task ID 20335 | 0.5 |
Apply for and obtain all necessary permits or licenses.O*NET Task ID 20337 | 0.5 |
Evaluate construction methods and determine cost-effectiveness of plans, using computer models.O*NET Task ID 20338 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (25)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Confer with supervisory personnel, owners, contractors, or design professionals to discuss and resolve matters, such as work procedures, complaints, or construction problems. | Core |
| Plan, organize, or direct activities concerned with the construction or maintenance of structures, facilities, or systems. | Core |
| Determine labor requirements for dispatching workers to construction sites. | Core |
| Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with building and safety codes or other regulations. | Core |
| Study job specifications to determine appropriate construction methods. | Core |
| Requisition supplies or materials to complete construction projects. | Core |
| Prepare and submit budget estimates, progress reports, or cost tracking reports. | Core |
| Develop or implement quality control programs. | Core |
| Develop or implement environmental protection programs. | Core |
| Implement training programs on environmentally responsible building topics to update employee skills and knowledge. | Core |
| Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with environmental regulations. | Core |
| Perform, or contract others to perform, pre-building assessments, such as conceptual cost estimating, rough order of magnitude estimating, feasibility, or energy efficiency, environmental, and sustainability assessments. | Core |
| Secure third-party verification from sources, such as Leadership in Energy Efficient Design (LEED), to ensure responsible design and building activities or to achieve favorable LEED ratings for building projects. | Core |
| Plan, schedule, or coordinate construction project activities to meet deadlines. | Core |
| Investigate damage, accidents, or delays at construction sites to ensure that proper construction procedures are being followed. | Core |
| Prepare contracts or negotiate revisions to contractual agreements with architects, consultants, clients, suppliers, or subcontractors. | Core |
| Implement new or modified plans in response to delays, bad weather, or construction site emergencies. | Core |
| Interpret and explain plans and contract terms to representatives of the owner or developer, including administrative staff, workers, or clients. | Core |
| Apply for and obtain all necessary permits or licenses. | Core |
| Evaluate construction methods and determine cost-effectiveness of plans, using computer models. | Core |
| Contract or oversee craft work, such as painting or plumbing. | Core |
| Direct and supervise construction or related workers. | Core |
| Direct acquisition of land for construction projects. | Supplemental |
| Apply green building strategies to reduce energy costs or minimize carbon output or other sources of harm to the environment. | Supplemental |
| Develop construction budgets to compare green and non-green construction alternatives, in terms of short-term costs, long-term costs, or environmental impacts. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with building and safety codes or other regulations. | E0 none |
| Investigate damage, accidents, or delays at construction sites to ensure that proper construction procedures are being followed. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 609K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 664K
- Change (2025–35)
- +9.1%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $114,990
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14111 | 건축 관련 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 14112 | 토목 관련 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 14113 | 조경 관련 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 23123 | 건축시공 기술자 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 1323Construction Managers
- ISCO-08 7111House Builders
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- construction managerESCO 1323.1Same scope
Construction managers are responsible for the planning and coordination of the construction projects. They provide expertise in the design phase of construction projects by facilitating a better estimate of the costs and the functional implications. They participate on bid processes for construction projects and handle subcontractors to deliver the different stages of the construction process from beginning to completion. They strive to enhance the value of the projects both improving efficiency and creating value for customers.
- construction general contractorESCO 1323.1.1Overlapping, not the same
Construction general contractors take on the responsibility to deliver a construction project. They participate on bid processes for construction projects and hire subcontractors to deliver the different stages of the construction process from beginning to completion. They make sure subcontractors hold up their part of the agreement and work in the construction site to make sure the project is delivered in time and according to agreed standards.
- construction general supervisorESCO 3123.1Overlapping, not the same
Construction general supervisors keep track of the proceedings of all stages in the building process. They coordinate the different teams, assign tasks, and resolve problems.
- construction quality managerESCO 3112.1.4Overlapping, not the same
Construction quality managers make sure the quality of the work meets standards set in the contract, as well as minimum legislative standards. They establish procedures to check quality, perform inspections, and propose solutions to quality shortcomings.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| F1201 | Conducteur / Conductrice de travaux du bâtiment | This occupation is broader |
| F1205 | Directeur / Directrice de travaux du bâtiment | This occupation is broader |
| F1208 | Conducteur / Conductrice de travaux publics | This occupation is broader |
| F1210 | Directeur / Directrice de travaux TP - Travaux Publics | This occupation is broader |
| C1506 | Responsable de projet immobilier | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| F1135 | Chargé / Chargée d'affaires BTP | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| I1122 | Directeur / Directrice de travaux d'infrastructure | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| A1218 | Conducteur / Conductrice de travaux de milieux naturels | Related, not a match |
| F1122 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure Chantier nucléaire | Related, not a match |
| I1512 | Programmateur / Programmatrice des travaux sur cordes | Related, not a match |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 1316 | Directores de empresas de construcción | Same scopeprovisional |
| 3202 | Supervisores de la construcción | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 31194 | Führungskräfte - Bauplanung und -überwachung, Architektur | Same scope |
| 32193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Hochbau | Related, not a match |
| 31153 | Berufe in der Bauwerkserhaltung und -erneuerung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 31174 | Berufe in der Bauabrechnung und -kalkulation - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 31193 | Aufsichtskräfte - Bauplanung und -überwachung, Architektur | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 32103 | Berufe im Hochbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 33303 | Berufe im Aus- und Trockenbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 091 | 建築技術者 | Overlapping, not the same |
| 031 | 会社管理職員 | Related, not a match |
| 092 | 土木技術者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources