Labor Relations Specialists
Business and Financial Operations Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 13-1075.00
Resolve disputes between workers and managers, negotiate collective bargaining agreements, or coordinate grievance procedures to handle employee complaints.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.45
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 24 hidden tasks28 rated tasks · 26 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (92.9%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Prepare reports or presentations to communicate employee satisfaction or related data to management.13-1075.00 | 0.002933.3 | —0 |
Interpret contractual agreements for employers and employees engaged in collective bargaining or other labor relations processes.13-1075.00 | 0.002528.7 | 0.0022100.0 |
Write letters related to labor relations activities, such as letters to amend collective bargaining agreements, letters of dispute or conciliation, or letters to seek clarification of contract terms.13-1075.00 | 0.001820.7 | —0 |
Research case law or outcomes of previous case hearings.13-1075.00 | 0.001517.2 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Draft contract proposals or counter-proposals for collective bargaining or other labor negotiations.O*NET Task ID 18879 | 1.0 |
Draft rules or regulations to govern collective bargaining activities in collaboration with company, government, or employee representatives.O*NET Task ID 18880 | 1.0 |
Interpret contractual agreements for employers and employees engaged in collective bargaining or other labor relations processes.O*NET Task ID 18882 | 1.0 |
Prepare and submit required governmental reports or forms related to labor relations matters, such as equal employment opportunity (EEO) forms, new hire forms, or minority compensation reports.O*NET Task ID 18887 | 1.0 |
Write letters related to labor relations activities, such as letters to amend collective bargaining agreements, letters of dispute or conciliation, or letters to seek clarification of contract terms.O*NET Task ID 18895 | 1.0 |
Advise management on matters related to the administration of contracts or employee discipline or grievance procedures.O*NET Task ID 18877 | 0.5 |
Identify alternatives to proposals of unions, employees, companies, or government agencies.O*NET Task ID 18881 | 0.5 |
Investigate and evaluate union complaints or arguments to determine viability.O*NET Task ID 18883 | 0.5 |
Mediate discussions between employer and employee representatives in attempt to reconcile differences.O*NET Task ID 18884 | 0.5 |
Monitor company or workforce adherence to labor agreements.O*NET Task ID 18885 | 0.5 |
Negotiate collective bargaining agreements.O*NET Task ID 18886 | 0.5 |
Prepare reports or presentations to communicate employee satisfaction or related data to management.O*NET Task ID 18888 | 0.5 |
Present the position of the company or of labor during arbitration or other labor negotiations.O*NET Task ID 18889 | 0.5 |
Propose resolutions for collective bargaining or other labor or contract negotiations.O*NET Task ID 18890 | 0.5 |
Recommend collective bargaining strategies, goals, or objectives.O*NET Task ID 18891 | 0.5 |
Review and approve employee disciplinary actions, such as written reprimands, suspensions, or terminations.O*NET Task ID 18892 | 0.5 |
Review employer practices or employee data to ensure compliance with contracts on matters such as wages, hours, or conditions of employment.O*NET Task ID 18893 | 0.5 |
Schedule or coordinate the details of grievance hearings or other meetings.O*NET Task ID 18894 | 0.5 |
Assess risk levels associated with collective bargaining strategies.O*NET Task ID 18896 | 0.5 |
Assess the impact of union proposals on company or government operations.O*NET Task ID 18897 | 0.5 |
Develop employee health and safety policies.O*NET Task ID 18898 | 0.5 |
Develop methods to monitor employee satisfaction with policies or working conditions, including grievance or complaint procedures.O*NET Task ID 18899 | 0.5 |
Prepare evidence for disciplinary hearings, including preparing witnesses to testify.O*NET Task ID 18900 | 0.5 |
Provide expert testimony in legal proceedings related to labor relations or labor contracts.O*NET Task ID 18901 | 0.5 |
Research case law or outcomes of previous case hearings.O*NET Task ID 18902 | 0.5 |
Select mediators or arbitrators for labor disputes or contract negotiations.O*NET Task ID 18903 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (28)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Call or meet with union, company, government, or other interested parties to discuss labor relations matters, such as contract negotiations or grievances. | Core |
| Draft contract proposals or counter-proposals for collective bargaining or other labor negotiations. | Core |
| Draft rules or regulations to govern collective bargaining activities in collaboration with company, government, or employee representatives. | Core |
| Identify alternatives to proposals of unions, employees, companies, or government agencies. | Core |
| Interpret contractual agreements for employers and employees engaged in collective bargaining or other labor relations processes. | Core |
| Investigate and evaluate union complaints or arguments to determine viability. | Core |
| Mediate discussions between employer and employee representatives in attempt to reconcile differences. | Core |
| Monitor company or workforce adherence to labor agreements. | Core |
| Negotiate collective bargaining agreements. | Core |
| Present the position of the company or of labor during arbitration or other labor negotiations. | Core |
| Propose resolutions for collective bargaining or other labor or contract negotiations. | Core |
| Recommend collective bargaining strategies, goals, or objectives. | Core |
| Review and approve employee disciplinary actions, such as written reprimands, suspensions, or terminations. | Core |
| Review employer practices or employee data to ensure compliance with contracts on matters such as wages, hours, or conditions of employment. | Core |
| Schedule or coordinate the details of grievance hearings or other meetings. | Core |
| Write letters related to labor relations activities, such as letters to amend collective bargaining agreements, letters of dispute or conciliation, or letters to seek clarification of contract terms. | Core |
| Assess risk levels associated with collective bargaining strategies. | Core |
| Prepare evidence for disciplinary hearings, including preparing witnesses to testify. | Core |
| Research case law or outcomes of previous case hearings. | Core |
| Select mediators or arbitrators for labor disputes or contract negotiations. | Core |
| Advise management on matters related to the administration of contracts or employee discipline or grievance procedures. | Supplemental |
| Prepare and submit required governmental reports or forms related to labor relations matters, such as equal employment opportunity (EEO) forms, new hire forms, or minority compensation reports. | Supplemental |
| Prepare reports or presentations to communicate employee satisfaction or related data to management. | Supplemental |
| Assess the impact of union proposals on company or government operations. | Supplemental |
| Develop employee health and safety policies. | Supplemental |
| Develop methods to monitor employee satisfaction with policies or working conditions, including grievance or complaint procedures. | Supplemental |
| Provide expert testimony in legal proceedings related to labor relations or labor contracts. | Supplemental |
| Train managers or supervisors on topics related to labor relations, such as working conditions, safety, or equal opportunity practices. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 66K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 68K
- Change (2025–35)
- +2.1%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $95,420
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28111 | 노무사 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2423Personnel and Careers Professionals
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Personnel and careers professionals provide professional business services related to personnel policies such as employee recruitment or development, occupational analysis and vocational guidance.
Tasks
- (a) advising on and performing personnel functions relating to employee recruitment, placement, training, promotion, compensation, and employee-management relations or other areas of personnel policy;
- (b) studying and analysing jobs performed in an establishment by various means, including interviews with workers, supervisors and management, and writing detailed position, job or occupation descriptions from information obtained;
- (c) preparing occupational information or working on occupational classification systems;
- (d) advising and working on the foregoing and other aspects of job and occupational analysis in such fields as personnel administration, workforce research and planning, training or occupational information and vocational guidance;
- (e) studying and advising individuals on employment opportunities, career choices and further education or training that may be desirable.
Example occupations
Careers adviser, · Human resource expert · Job analyst · Occupational analyst · Outplacement expert · Personnel Specialist · Recruitment officer · Vocational guidance counsellor
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- labour relations officerESCO 2423.4Same scope
Labour relations officers implement labour policy in an organisation, and advise trade unions on policies and negotiation. They handle disputes, and advise management on personnel policy as well as facilitate communication between trade unions and managerial staff.
- mediatorESCO 2619.7This occupation is narrower
Mediators resolve disputes between two parties by examining the case, interviewing both parties, and advising on a solution which would be the most beneficial for them. They listen to both parties in order to facilitate communication and find a fair agreement and organise meetings. They aim at resolving disputes through dialogue and alternative solution without having to take the case to litigation and courts. Mediators ensure that the resolution is compliant with legal regulations and is also enforced.
- special-interest groups' officialESCO 1114.1This occupation is broader
Special-interest groups' officials represent and act on behalf of special-interest groups such as trade unions, employer organisations, trade and industry associations, sports associations and humanitarian organisations. They develop policies and ensure their implementation. Special-interest groups' officials speak for their members in negotiations about topics such as working conditions and safety.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| M1512 | Directeur / Directrice des relations sociales | Overlapping, not the same |
| K1913 | Médiateur / Médiatrice judiciaire | Related, not a match |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2624 | Especialistas en políticas y servicios de personal y afines | This occupation is narrower |
| 1113 | Directores de organizaciones de interés social | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 71224 | Leitende Bedienstete von Interessenorganisationen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 71513 | Berufe in der Personalentwicklung und -sachbearbeitung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 183 | 社会保険労務士 | Related, not a match |
| 252 | 人事事務員 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources