Bioinformatics Scientists
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 19-1029.01
Conduct research using bioinformatics theory and methods in areas such as pharmaceuticals, medical technology, biotechnology, computational biology, proteomics, computer information science, biology and medical informatics. May design databases and develop algorithms for processing and analyzing genomic information, or other biological information.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.245
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.40
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 3 hidden tasks20 rated tasks · 20 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (100.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Develop new software applications or customize existing applications to meet specific scientific project needs.19-1029.01 | 0.623476.1 | 0.872790.2 |
Analyze large molecular datasets such as raw microarray data, genomic sequence data, and proteomics data for clinical or basic research purposes.19-1029.01 | 0.03994.9 | 0.04074.2 |
Develop data models and databases.19-1029.01 | 0.03374.1 | 0.01841.9 |
Consult with researchers to analyze problems, recommend technology-based solutions, or determine computational strategies.19-1029.01 | 0.02763.4 | 0.00330.3 |
Provide statistical and computational tools for biologically based activities such as genetic analysis, measurement of gene expression, and gene function determination.19-1029.01 | 0.01812.2 | 0.01251.3 |
Instruct others in the selection and use of bioinformatics tools.19-1029.01 | 0.01782.2 | 0.00280.3 |
Recommend new systems and processes to improve operations.19-1029.01 | 0.01141.4 | 0.00180.2 |
Test new and updated bioinformatics tools and software.19-1029.01 | 0.00831.0 | 0.00490.5 |
Communicate research results through conference presentations, scientific publications, or project reports.19-1029.01 | 0.00770.9 | —0 |
Create or modify web-based bioinformatics tools.19-1029.01 | 0.00760.9 | —0 |
Design and apply bioinformatics algorithms including unsupervised and supervised machine learning, dynamic programming, or graphic algorithms.19-1029.01 | 0.00730.9 | 0.00210.2 |
Manipulate publicly accessible, commercial, or proprietary genomic, proteomic, or post-genomic databases.19-1029.01 | 0.00510.6 | 0.00650.7 |
Compile data for use in activities such as gene expression profiling, genome annotation, and structural bioinformatics.19-1029.01 | 0.00390.5 | —0 |
Create novel computational approaches and analytical tools as required by research goals.19-1029.01 | 0.00350.4 | —0 |
Prepare summary statistics of information regarding human genomes.19-1029.01 | 0.00180.2 | —0 |
Improve user interfaces to bioinformatics software and databases.19-1029.01 | 0.00180.2 | —0 |
Collaborate with software developers in the development and modification of commercial bioinformatics software. | —0 | 0.00170.2 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Collaborate with software developers in the development and modification of commercial bioinformatics software.O*NET Task ID 16779 | 1.0 |
Test new and updated bioinformatics tools and software.O*NET Task ID 16780 | 1.0 |
Instruct others in the selection and use of bioinformatics tools.O*NET Task ID 16783 | 1.0 |
Improve user interfaces to bioinformatics software and databases.O*NET Task ID 16784 | 1.0 |
Develop new software applications or customize existing applications to meet specific scientific project needs.O*NET Task ID 16786 | 1.0 |
Develop data models and databases.O*NET Task ID 16787 | 1.0 |
Create or modify web-based bioinformatics tools.O*NET Task ID 16788 | 1.0 |
Design and apply bioinformatics algorithms including unsupervised and supervised machine learning, dynamic programming, or graphic algorithms.O*NET Task ID 16789 | 1.0 |
Create novel computational approaches and analytical tools as required by research goals.O*NET Task ID 16790 | 1.0 |
Recommend new systems and processes to improve operations.O*NET Task ID 16776 | 0.5 |
Keep abreast of new biochemistries, instrumentation, or software by reading scientific literature and attending professional conferences.O*NET Task ID 16777 | 0.5 |
Confer with departments, such as marketing, business development, or operations, to coordinate product development or improvement.O*NET Task ID 16778 | 0.5 |
Provide statistical and computational tools for biologically based activities, such as genetic analysis, measurement of gene expression, or gene function determination.O*NET Task ID 16781 | 0.5 |
Prepare summary statistics of information regarding human genomes.O*NET Task ID 16782 | 0.5 |
Direct the work of technicians and information technology staff applying bioinformatics tools or applications in areas such as proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, or clinical bioinformatics.O*NET Task ID 16785 | 0.5 |
Compile data for use in activities, such as gene expression profiling, genome annotation, or structural bioinformatics.O*NET Task ID 16791 | 0.5 |
Communicate research results through conference presentations, scientific publications, or project reports.O*NET Task ID 16792 | 0.5 |
Manipulate publicly accessible, commercial, or proprietary genomic, proteomic, or post-genomic databases.O*NET Task ID 16793 | 0.5 |
Consult with researchers to analyze problems, recommend technology-based solutions, or determine computational strategies.O*NET Task ID 16794 | 0.5 |
Analyze large molecular datasets, such as raw microarray data, genomic sequence data, or proteomics data, for clinical or basic research purposes.O*NET Task ID 16795 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Recommend new systems and processes to improve operations. | Core |
| Keep abreast of new biochemistries, instrumentation, or software by reading scientific literature and attending professional conferences. | Core |
| Test new and updated bioinformatics tools and software. | Core |
| Provide statistical and computational tools for biologically based activities, such as genetic analysis, measurement of gene expression, or gene function determination. | Core |
| Instruct others in the selection and use of bioinformatics tools. | Core |
| Improve user interfaces to bioinformatics software and databases. | Core |
| Direct the work of technicians and information technology staff applying bioinformatics tools or applications in areas such as proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, or clinical bioinformatics. | Core |
| Develop new software applications or customize existing applications to meet specific scientific project needs. | Core |
| Develop data models and databases. | Core |
| Design and apply bioinformatics algorithms including unsupervised and supervised machine learning, dynamic programming, or graphic algorithms. | Core |
| Create novel computational approaches and analytical tools as required by research goals. | Core |
| Compile data for use in activities, such as gene expression profiling, genome annotation, or structural bioinformatics. | Core |
| Communicate research results through conference presentations, scientific publications, or project reports. | Core |
| Manipulate publicly accessible, commercial, or proprietary genomic, proteomic, or post-genomic databases. | Core |
| Consult with researchers to analyze problems, recommend technology-based solutions, or determine computational strategies. | Core |
| Analyze large molecular datasets, such as raw microarray data, genomic sequence data, or proteomics data, for clinical or basic research purposes. | Core |
| Confer with departments, such as marketing, business development, or operations, to coordinate product development or improvement. | Supplemental |
| Collaborate with software developers in the development and modification of commercial bioinformatics software. | Supplemental |
| Prepare summary statistics of information regarding human genomes. | Supplemental |
| Create or modify web-based bioinformatics tools. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 19-1029 group (Biological scientists, all other), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 60K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 62K
- Change (2025–35)
- +4.7%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $98,920
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21119 | 그 외 생명과학 연구원 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2131Biologists, Botanists, Zoologists and Related Professionals
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related professionals study living organisms and their interactions with each other and with the environment, and apply this knowledge to solve human health and environmental problems. They work in diverse fields such as botany, zoology, ecology, marine biology, genetics, immunology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, bacteriology and virology.
Tasks
- (a) undertaking research in laboratories and in the field to increase scientific knowledge of living organisms; to discover new information; to test hypotheses; to solve problems in areas such as the environment, agriculture and health; and to develop new products, processes and techniques for pharmaceutical, agricultural and environmental use;
- (b) designing and conducting experiments and tests;
- (c) gathering human, animal, insect and plant specimens and data, and studying their origin, development, chemical and physical form, structure, composition, and life and reproductive processes;
- (d) examining living organisms using a variety of specialised equipment, instruments, technologies and techniques such as electron microscopes, telemetry, global positioning systems, biotechnology, satellite imaging, genetic engineering, digital imaging analysis, polymerase chain reaction and computer modelling;
- (e) identifying, classifying, recording and monitoring living organisms and maintaining databases;
- (f) writing scientific papers and reports detailing research and any new findings which are then made available to the scientific community in scientific journals or at conferences for scrutiny and further debate;
- (g) designing and carrying out environmental impact assessments to identify changes caused by natural or human factors;
- (h) providing advice to governments, organizations and businesses in areas such as conservation, management of natural resources, the effects of climate change and pollution.
Example occupations
Animal behaviourist · Bacteriologist · Biochemist · Biologist · Biomedical researcher · Biotechnologist · Botanist · Cell geneticist · Marine biologist · Microbiologist · Molecular biologist · Molecular geneticist · Pharmacologist · Zoologist
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- bioinformatics scientistESCO 2131.3Same scope
Bioinformatics scientists analyse biological processes using computer programmes. They maintain or construct databases containing biological information. Bioinformatics scientists gather and analyse biological data and may also assist scientists in various fields, including in biotechnology and pharmaceutics. They perform scientific research and statistical analyses, and report on their findings. Bioinformatics scientists may also collect DNA samples, discover data patterns and conduct genetic research.
- biochemistESCO 2131.4.2Overlapping, not the same
Biochemists study and perform research on the reactions caused by chemicals in living organisms. This includes performing research for the development or improvement of chemical-based products (e.g. medicine) aimed at improving the health of living organisms and at better understanding their reactions.
- biometricianESCO 2120.6.1Overlapping, not the same
Biometricians perform research in the field of biometrics. They carry statistical or biological research projects by measuring fingerprints, retinas, and human shapes for medical or industrial applications.
- biophysicistESCO 2131.4.4Overlapping, not the same
Biophysicists study the existing relation between living organisms and physics. They conduct research on living organisms based on the methods of physics that aim to explain the complexity of life, predict patterns, and draw conclusions about aspects of life. Biophysicists' research fields cover DNA, proteins, molecules, cells, and environments.
- data scientistESCO 2511.3Overlapping, not the same
Data scientists find and interpret rich data sources, manage large amounts of data, merge data sources, ensure consistency of data-sets, and create visualisations to aid in understanding data. They build mathematical models using data, present and communicate data insights and findings to specialists and scientists in their team and if required, to a non-expert audience, and recommend ways to apply the data.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| H1215 | Bioinformaticien / Bioinformaticienne en études, recherche et développement | Same scopeprovisional |
| M1405 | Data scientist | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2421 | Biólogos, botánicos, zoólogos y afines | This occupation is narrower |
| 2711 | Analistas de sistemas | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 43134 | Berufe in der Bio- und Medizininformatik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrower |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 051 | 自然科学系研究者 | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources