Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary

Educational Instruction and Library Occupations

O*NET-SOC code: 25-1126.00

Teach courses in philosophy, religion, and theology. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.220
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
Source dataset (CSV download)
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.37
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Show 3 hidden tasks

23 rated tasks · 18 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (78.3%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.

Source: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release: gh-main-0471612
License: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 20.1)	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Plan, evaluate, and revise curricula, course content, course materials, and methods of instruction. 25-1126.00	0.220233.6
Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers. 25-1126.00	0.091213.9
Provide professional consulting services to government or industry. 25-1126.00	0.06329.6
Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others. 25-1126.00	0.06279.5
Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions. 25-1126.00	0.03695.6
Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences. 25-1126.00	0.02594.0
Advise students on academic and vocational curricula and on career issues. 25-1126.00	0.02243.4
Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media. 25-1126.00	0.02243.4
Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students and the community on topics such as ethics, logic, and contemporary religious thought. 25-1126.00	0.01902.9
Prepare course materials such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts. 25-1126.00	0.01562.4
Collaborate with colleagues to address teaching and research issues. 25-1126.00	0.01241.9
Participate in student recruitment, registration, and placement activities. 25-1126.00	0.01041.6
Maintain regularly scheduled office hours to advise and assist students. 25-1126.00	0.00981.5
Compile bibliographies of specialized materials for outside reading assignments. 25-1126.00	0.00811.2
Participate in campus and community events. 25-1126.00	0.00781.2
Supervise undergraduate or graduate teaching, internship, and research work. 25-1126.00	0.00721.1
Act as advisers to student organizations. 25-1126.00	0.00681.0
Write articles and books. 25-1126.00	0.00651.0
Perform administrative duties such as serving as department head. 25-1126.00	0.00400.6
Serve on academic or administrative committees that deal with institutional policies, departmental matters, and academic issues. 25-1126.00	0.00380.6
Show 10 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts. O*NET Task ID 6381	1.0
Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records. O*NET Task ID 6384	1.0
Collaborate with colleagues to address teaching and research issues. O*NET Task ID 6392	1.0
Compile bibliographies of specialized materials for outside reading assignments. O*NET Task ID 6394	1.0
Write grant proposals to procure external research funding. O*NET Task ID 6398	1.0
Write articles and books. O*NET Task ID 20105	1.0
Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers. O*NET Task ID 6378	0.5
Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others. O*NET Task ID 6382	0.5
Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences. O*NET Task ID 6383	0.5
Plan, evaluate, and revise curricula, course content, course materials, and methods of instruction. O*NET Task ID 6385	0.5
Select and obtain materials and supplies, such as textbooks. O*NET Task ID 6387	0.5
Advise students on academic and vocational curricula and on career issues. O*NET Task ID 6388	0.5
Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media. O*NET Task ID 6389	0.5
Perform administrative duties, such as serving as department head. O*NET Task ID 6390	0.5
Participate in student recruitment, registration, and placement activities. O*NET Task ID 6395	0.5
Supervise undergraduate or graduate teaching, internship, and research work. O*NET Task ID 6396	0.5
Provide professional consulting services to government or industry. O*NET Task ID 6399	0.5
Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students and the community on topics such as ethics, logic, and contemporary religious thought. O*NET Task ID 20104	0.5
Show 8 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

All O*NET 31.0 task statements (22)

All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.

Task (O*NET 31.0)	Type
Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.	Core
Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.	Core
Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.	Core
Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others.	Core
Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.	Core
Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records.	Core
Plan, evaluate, and revise curricula, course content, course materials, and methods of instruction.	Core
Maintain regularly scheduled office hours to advise and assist students.	Core
Select and obtain materials and supplies, such as textbooks.	Core
Advise students on academic and vocational curricula and on career issues.	Core
Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media.	Core
Perform administrative duties, such as serving as department head.	Core
Serve on academic or administrative committees that deal with institutional policies, departmental matters, and academic issues.	Core
Collaborate with colleagues to address teaching and research issues.	Core
Participate in campus and community events.	Core
Compile bibliographies of specialized materials for outside reading assignments.	Core
Participate in student recruitment, registration, and placement activities.	Core
Supervise undergraduate or graduate teaching, internship, and research work.	Core
Act as advisers to student organizations.	Core
Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students and the community on topics such as ethics, logic, and contemporary religious thought.	Core
Write articles and books.	Core
Write grant proposals to procure external research funding.	Supplemental

Employment outlook (BLS)

Employment, 2025: 27K
Projected employment, 2035: 27K
Change (2025–35): +2%
Median annual wage, 2025: $80,260
Typical education needed for entry: Doctoral or professional degree

lowest $30,890median wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559,030

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Korea classification links (KSCO)

Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.

KSCO code	KSCO title	Relation	Status
26112	예술 및 인문학 교수	This occupation is narrower	confirmed
26122	예술 및 인문학 강사	Overlapping, not the same	confirmed
21211	철학 연구원	Related, not a match	confirmed

Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO occupational description

AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.

ISCO-08 2310University and Higher Education Teachers

The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.

University and higher education teachers prepare and deliver lectures and conduct tutorials in one or more subjects within a prescribed course of study at a university or other higher educational institution. They conduct research, and prepare scholarly papers and books.

Tasks

(a) designing and modifying curricula and preparing courses of study in accordance with requirements;
(b) preparing and delivering lectures and conducting tutorials, seminars and laboratory experiments;
(c) stimulating discussion and independent thought among students;
(d) supervising, where appropriate, experimental and practical work undertaken by students;
(e) administering, evaluating and marking examination papers and tests;
(f) directing research of post-graduate students or other members of department;
(g) researching into and developing concepts, theories and operational methods for application in industrial and other fields;
(h) preparing scholarly books, papers or articles;
(i) participating in departmental and faculty meetings and in conferences and seminars;

Example occupations

Higher education lecturer · Professor · University lecturer · University tutor

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO occupational vocabulary

Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.

philosophy lecturerESCO 2310.1.32Same scope
Philosophy lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, philosophy, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of philosophy, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
philosopherESCO 2633.2Overlapping, not the same
Philosophers study and argument over general and structural problems pertaining to society, humans and individuals. They have well-developed rational and argumentative abilities to engage in discussion related to existence, value systems, knowledge, or reality. They recur to logic in discussion which lead to levels of deepness and abstraction.
philosophy teacher secondary schoolESCO 2330.1.14Overlapping, not the same
Philosophy teachers at secondary schools provide education to students, commonly children and young adults, in a secondary school setting. They are usually subject teachers, specialised and instructing in their own field of study, philosophy. They prepare lesson plans and materials, monitor the students progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate the students knowledge and performance on the subject of phylosophy through practical, usually physical, tests and examinations.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

France classification links (ROME)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.

ROME code	ROME title (French)	Relation
K2108	Professeur / Professeure des universités	This occupation is narrowerprovisional

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Spain classification links (CNO-11)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

CNO-11 code	CNO-11 title (Spanish)	Relation
2210	Profesores de universidades y otra enseñanza superior (excepto formación profesional)	This occupation is narrower

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Germany classification links (KldB)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

KldB code	KldB title (German)	Relation
84304	Berufe in der Hochschullehre und -forschung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	This occupation is narrowerprovisional
91214	Berufe in Philosophie, Religion und Ethik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	Related, not a matchprovisional

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Japan classification links (JSCO)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

JSCO code	JSCO title (Japanese)	Relation
198	大学教員	This occupation is narrowerprovisional

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources