Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education

Educational Instruction and Library Occupations

O*NET-SOC code: 25-2021.00

Teach academic and social skills to students at the elementary school level.

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.103
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
Source dataset (CSV download)
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.26
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

38 rated tasks · 21 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (55.3%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.

Source: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release: gh-main-0471612
License: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 30.2)	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Guide and counsel students with adjustment or academic problems or with special academic interests. 25-2021.00	0.020050.0	0.00000.0
Instruct students individually and in groups, using teaching methods such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. 25-2021.00	0.010025.0	0.00000.0
Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress. 25-2021.00	0.010025.0	—0
Assign and grade class work and homework. 25-2021.00	0.00000.0	0.00000.0
Not observed on any surface — 34 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among the students.	—0	—0
Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health.	—0	—0
Prepare materials and classrooms for class activities.	—0	—0
Adapt teaching methods and instructional materials to meet students' varying needs and interests.	—0	—0
Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate.	—0	—0
Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects and communicate those objectives to students.	—0	—0
Read books to entire classes or small groups.	—0	—0
Confer with parents or guardians, teachers, counselors, and administrators to resolve students' behavioral and academic problems.	—0	—0
Meet with parents and guardians to discuss their children's progress and to determine priorities for their children and their resource needs.	—0	—0
Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by laws, district policies, and administrative regulations.	—0	—0
Prepare students for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks.	—0	—0
Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help.	—0	—0
Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools.	—0	—0
Provide a variety of materials and resources for children to explore, manipulate, and use, both in learning activities and in imaginative play.	—0	—0
Enforce administration policies and rules governing students.	—0	—0
Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula.	—0	—0
Meet with other professionals to discuss individual students' needs and progress.	—0	—0
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations.	—0	—0
Prepare for assigned classes and show written evidence of preparation upon request of immediate supervisors.	—0	—0
Collaborate with other teachers and administrators in the development, evaluation, and revision of elementary school programs.	—0	—0
Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration.	—0	—0
Instruct and monitor students in the use and care of equipment and materials to prevent injuries and damage.	—0	—0
Organize and lead activities designed to promote physical, mental, and social development, such as games, arts and crafts, music, and storytelling.	—0	—0
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, and teacher training workshops to maintain and improve professional competence.	—0	—0
Plan and supervise class projects, field trips, visits by guest speakers or other experiential activities, and guide students in learning from those activities.	—0	—0
Organize and label materials and display students' work.	—0	—0
Attend staff meetings and serve on committees, as required.	—0	—0
Administer standardized ability and achievement tests, and interpret results to determine student strengths and needs.	—0	—0
Supervise, evaluate, and plan assignments for teacher assistants and volunteers.	—0	—0
Involve parent volunteers and older students in children's activities to facilitate involvement in focused, complex play.	—0	—0
Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading.	—0	—0
Select, store, order, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies.	—0	—0
Provide students with disabilities with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms.	—0	—0
Sponsor extracurricular activities, such as clubs, student organizations, and academic contests.	—0	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Read books to entire classes or small groups. O*NET Task ID 6543	1.0
Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration. O*NET Task ID 6559	1.0
Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health. O*NET Task ID 6536	0.5
Adapt teaching methods and instructional materials to meet students' varying needs and interests. O*NET Task ID 6538	0.5
Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate. O*NET Task ID 6539	0.5
Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects and communicate those objectives to students. O*NET Task ID 6541	0.5
Assign and grade class work and homework. O*NET Task ID 6542	0.5
Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress. O*NET Task ID 6544	0.5
Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by laws, district policies, and administrative regulations. O*NET Task ID 6547	0.5
Prepare students for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks. O*NET Task ID 6548	0.5
Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help. O*NET Task ID 6550	0.5
Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools. O*NET Task ID 6551	0.5
Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula. O*NET Task ID 6554	0.5
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations. O*NET Task ID 6556	0.5
Prepare for assigned classes and show written evidence of preparation upon request of immediate supervisors. O*NET Task ID 6557	0.5
Collaborate with other teachers and administrators in the development, evaluation, and revision of elementary school programs. O*NET Task ID 6558	0.5
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, and teacher training workshops to maintain and improve professional competence. O*NET Task ID 6562	0.5
Plan and supervise class projects, field trips, visits by guest speakers or other experiential activities, and guide students in learning from those activities. O*NET Task ID 6563	0.5
Organize and label materials and display students' work. O*NET Task ID 6564	0.5
Administer standardized ability and achievement tests, and interpret results to determine student strengths and needs. O*NET Task ID 6566	0.5
Select, store, order, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies. O*NET Task ID 6570	0.5
Show 11 more tasks ▾Show less ▴
Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among the students. O*NET Task ID 6535	0.0
Prepare materials and classrooms for class activities. O*NET Task ID 6537	0.0
Instruct students individually and in groups, using teaching methods such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. O*NET Task ID 6540	0.0
Confer with parents or guardians, teachers, counselors, and administrators to resolve students' behavioral and academic problems. O*NET Task ID 6545	0.0
Meet with parents and guardians to discuss their children's progress and to determine priorities for their children and their resource needs. O*NET Task ID 6546	0.0
Guide and counsel students with adjustment or academic problems or with special academic interests. O*NET Task ID 6549	0.0
Provide a variety of materials and resources for children to explore, manipulate, and use, both in learning activities and in imaginative play. O*NET Task ID 6552	0.0
Enforce administration policies and rules governing students. O*NET Task ID 6553	0.0
Meet with other professionals to discuss individual students' needs and progress. O*NET Task ID 6555	0.0
Instruct and monitor students in the use and care of equipment and materials to prevent injuries and damage. O*NET Task ID 6560	0.0
Organize and lead activities designed to promote physical, mental, and social development, such as games, arts and crafts, music, and storytelling. O*NET Task ID 6561	0.0
Attend staff meetings and serve on committees, as required. O*NET Task ID 6565	0.0
Supervise, evaluate, and plan assignments for teacher assistants and volunteers. O*NET Task ID 6567	0.0
Involve parent volunteers and older students in children's activities to facilitate involvement in focused, complex play. O*NET Task ID 6568	0.0
Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading. O*NET Task ID 6569	0.0
Provide disabled students with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms. O*NET Task ID 6571	0.0
Sponsor extracurricular activities, such as clubs, student organizations, and academic contests. O*NET Task ID 6572	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

All O*NET 31.0 task statements (38)

All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.

Task (O*NET 31.0)	Type
Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among the students.	Core
Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health.	Core
Prepare materials and classrooms for class activities.	Core
Adapt teaching methods and instructional materials to meet students' varying needs and interests.	Core
Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate.	Core
Instruct students individually and in groups, using teaching methods such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations.	Core
Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects and communicate those objectives to students.	Core
Assign and grade class work and homework.	Core
Read books to entire classes or small groups.	Core
Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress.	Core
Confer with parents or guardians, teachers, counselors, and administrators to resolve students' behavioral and academic problems.	Core
Meet with parents and guardians to discuss their children's progress and to determine priorities for their children and their resource needs.	Core
Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by laws, district policies, and administrative regulations.	Core
Prepare students for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks.	Core
Guide and counsel students with adjustment or academic problems or with special academic interests.	Core
Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help.	Core
Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools.	Core
Provide a variety of materials and resources for children to explore, manipulate, and use, both in learning activities and in imaginative play.	Core
Enforce administration policies and rules governing students.	Core
Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula.	Core
Meet with other professionals to discuss individual students' needs and progress.	Core
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations.	Core
Prepare for assigned classes and show written evidence of preparation upon request of immediate supervisors.	Core
Collaborate with other teachers and administrators in the development, evaluation, and revision of elementary school programs.	Core
Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration.	Core
Instruct and monitor students in the use and care of equipment and materials to prevent injuries and damage.	Core
Organize and lead activities designed to promote physical, mental, and social development, such as games, arts and crafts, music, and storytelling.	Core
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, and teacher training workshops to maintain and improve professional competence.	Core
Plan and supervise class projects, field trips, visits by guest speakers or other experiential activities, and guide students in learning from those activities.	Core
Organize and label materials and display students' work.	Core
Attend staff meetings and serve on committees, as required.	Core
Administer standardized ability and achievement tests, and interpret results to determine student strengths and needs.	Core
Supervise, evaluate, and plan assignments for teacher assistants and volunteers.	Core
Involve parent volunteers and older students in children's activities to facilitate involvement in focused, complex play.	Core
Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading.	Core
Select, store, order, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies.	Core
Provide students with disabilities with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms.	Supplemental
Sponsor extracurricular activities, such as clubs, student organizations, and academic contests.	Supplemental

Anthropic, "What work can robots do?"2026-09

0.09/ 3· Robot exposure index

0 none3 unstructured settings

Scale, basis and source

Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time

Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks

Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.

Source dataset

The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.

Tier of each physical task

Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)

E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site

Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.

Task (O*NET 29.3)	Robot environment tier
Prepare materials and classrooms for class activities.	E1 purpose-built robot settings
Provide a variety of materials and resources for children to explore, manipulate, and use, both in learning activities and in imaginative play.	E1 purpose-built robot settings
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations.	E0 none
Plan and supervise class projects, field trips, visits by guest speakers or other experiential activities, and guide students in learning from those activities.	E0 none
Organize and label materials and display students' work.	E1 purpose-built robot settings
Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading.	E0 none
Select, store, order, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies.	E1 purpose-built robot settings
Provide students with disabilities with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms.	E0 none

Employment outlook (BLS)

Employment, 2025: 1.4M
Projected employment, 2035: 1.4M
Change (2025–35): -0.4%
Median annual wage, 2025: $63,970
Typical education needed for entry: Bachelor's degree

lowest $30,890median wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559,030

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Korea classification links (KSCO)

Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.

KSCO code	KSCO title	Relation	Status
26220	초등학교 교사	Same scope	confirmed

Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO occupational description

AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.

ISCO-08 2341Primary School Teachers

The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.

Primary school teachers teach a range of subjects at the primary education level.

Tasks

(a) preparing daily and longer term lesson plans in accordance with curriculum guidelines;
(b) instructing children individually and in groups, using various teaching methods and materials (e.g. computers, books, games), adapting to children’s varying needs;
(c) maintaining discipline and good working habits in the classroom;
(d) planning and conduct activities with the children such as sporting activities, concerts and excursions;
(e) assigning and grading class work and homework;
(f) preparing, administering, and grading tests and assignments to evaluate children’s progress;
(g) observing and evaluating children’s performance and behaviour;
(h) supervising children during classes and at other times in the school day, including the playground during breaks;
(i) participating in staff meetings and other sessions, and conferring with other teachers concerning educational issues;
(j) preparing for and attending parent meetings to discuss children’s progress and problems.

Example occupations

Primary school teacher

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO occupational vocabulary

Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.

primary school teacherESCO 2341.1Same scope
Primary school teachers instruct students on a primary school level. They develop lesson plans in line with curriculum objectives for the variety of subjects they teach, including mathematics, languages, nature studies and music. They monitor the students' learning development and evaluate their knowledge and skills on the subjects taught through tests. They build their course content on the students' knowledge of previous learnings and encourage them to deepen their understanding on the subjects they are interested in. They use class resources and teaching methods to create an inspiring learning environment. Primary school teachers also contribute to school events and communicate with parents and administrative staff.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

France classification links (ROME)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.

ROME code	ROME title (French)	Relation
K2106	Professeur / Professeure des écoles	Same scopeprovisional

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Spain classification links (CNO-11)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

CNO-11 code	CNO-11 title (Spanish)	Relation
2240	Profesores de enseñanza primaria	Same scopeprovisional

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Germany classification links (KldB)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

KldB code	KldB title (German)	Relation
84114	Lehrkräfte in der Primarstufe - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	Same scope

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Japan classification links (JSCO)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

JSCO code	JSCO title (Japanese)	Relation
192	小学校教員	Same scopeprovisional

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources